Essay Example on Cardiovascular Mortality: The Impact of Particulate Matter Air Pollution

Hamanaka, Robert B., and Gokhan M. Mutlu. "Particulate matter air pollution: effects on the cardiovascular system." Frontiers in Endocrinology 9 (2018): 680. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00680

The article discusses the epidemiological evidence for cardiovascular effects and the effect of toxic substances on the cardiovascular system. The author claims that the increasing rate of environmental pollution is a major factor in high cases of cardiovascular mortality. According to the article, both short and long-term studies support the claim that environmental pollution affects the cardiovascular system. It points out a case study in Meuse Valley, Donora, and London were associated with adverse health outcomes. The author claims that exposure to pollution is a major modifiable risk factor in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease. They also indicate that pollution affects other body systems, but is more pronounced in cardiovascular systems. According to the researchers, the effect of pollution is likely to double by 2050 and thus require policy frameworks to limit pollution and exposure to pollution. The authors Hamanaka and Mutlu are both professors in the school of medicine at the University of Illinois, Chicago.

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The findings of the study were based on studies in several large cities in North America and Europe. Other studies were also carried out in the United States and Asia. It also involved long-term studies that involved Harvard six cities in a cohort study of 8,111 adults. The findings were also drawn from data in a large ACS Cancer Prevention II study of 552,138 adults. Adults involved in the study were exposed to smoking and pollution. The argument of the author supports my concept and topic at hand. However, it raises a new point that environmental pollution leads to high rates of hospitalization and mortality. I plan to use the study to enhance my knowledge of the relationship between the risk of exposure to environmental pollution and cardiovascular health problems. I also plan to utilize the study in my final research to provide a rhetorical and persuasive argument about the effect of environmental pollution and how to mitigate the health risks in the future.

Rajagopalan, Sanjay, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi, and Robert D. Brook. "Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 72.17 (2018): 2054-2070. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.099

The article addresses the health impact of environmental and air pollution. According to the author, there is increasing evidence that air pollution is responsible for cardiovascular disease. It also points out to the unavailability of the mitigation strategies to minimize the effect of air pollution on cardiovascular diseases. According to the article, the world is likely to face severe challenges if it does not mitigate the current negative effects of pollution on health. The study also shows that 9.1 million people die annually due to environmental problems both ambient and household pollution. The author also shows the cardiometabolic effects of air pollution on mortality rates and hospitalization. Rajagopalan is a professor at Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, Al-Kindi works at Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, and Brook is a professor in Michigan Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

The article draws information from various short and long-term studies. It comprises information from 34 short studies and 59 long studies from China. The article also has data from 94 studies carried out in 2014 in 28 countries. The context of the studies was elderly people in the United States among other countries. Studies revealed that elderly patients with smoking habits were at great risk. It also analyzed the association of the disease with other health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, venous thromboembolism, and other non-communicable diseases. The information from the study supports my initial thoughts that pollution is responsible for various health complications, especially cardiovascular problems. I plan to use the information from the article to provide a rigorous argument about the impact of pollution on health issues such as cardiovascular. It will also help persuade the audience about the global crisis of health issues due to environmental pollution.