Myocardial Infarction: A Case Study on a 64-Year-Old Patient with Mechanical Complications

Introduction

Myocardial infarction refers to the heart muscles' injury or death due to prolonged ischemic conditions (Thygesen, 2018). Ischemic diseases are prolonged exposure to a lack of oxygen. The medical name for the heart attack occurs mainly due to the blood supply's blockage into the heart. Some myocardial infarction symptoms include sweating, vomiting, dizziness, a fast heart rate, and shortness of breath. This report looks at a case study of a 64-year-old who was hypersensitive and was a regular smoker.

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Case Study

A 64-year-old sought medical attention due to chest pains that had lasted for over 4 hours. The patient was a regular smoker, and he was aware that he was hypersensitive. he did not have any symptoms before the chest pains. At the hospital, he was physically examined and found to have a heart rate of 90 bpm. Examination of his lungs showed no difference in its function. In contrast, his assessment showed a nominal rate of disturbance. The first electrocardiogram to be performed showed a heart rate of 100 bpm. Oral route He administered acetylsalicylic acid also developed hypertension and was referred to the heart institute. Upon admission, more heparin was issued, and his blood pressure at the time was 60/30 mmHg. Coronary angiography was performed on the patient, and he was found to have occlusion of the anterior ventricles. Cardiac arrest was performed after angioplasty had been done, but the patient did not respond to treatment, and he died.

Clinical Aspects of the Case Study

This report gives a clear case of a 64-year-old patient. He was hypersensitive and a long-term smoker. The patient sought medical care due to having chest pains that had lasted for only 24 hours. Chest pains are one of the most common indicators of the need to seek medical attention. Determining between severe cases and non-emergency ones has been difficult in the clinical sector. Some chest pains are indicators of diseases with high mortality rates, including pulmonary thrombosis. Assessment of chest pains involved physicians use the use of three methods. These methods include clinical examination, which includes patient history and physical examination. Electrocardiograms and myocardial markers are the other two methods. These parameters should be analyzed together for safer diagnosis.15-30% of patients reporting chest pains are diagnosed with coronary syndromes, representing frequent occurrences of such pans.

Angina, the first step in determining the patient's ischemic condition, is used as a significant determination of myocardial infarction, which is often characterized by difficulty in breathing. Angina is very intense increases in seriousness within minutes, and is more often than not accompanied by feelings of nausea and vomiting. Stressful conditions mainly trigger this condition and primarily affect old and diabetic patients.

In the case study presented, the patient had prolonged chest pains, which, as explained above, was most likely to be acute coronary syndrome. Patients with chest pain often mainly have a non-specific examination. Results show acute coronary syndrome is an indicator of a much more severe underlying condition affecting the myocardium. The electrocardiogram plays an essential role in diagnosing myocardium infraction and must be presented within the first ten minutes of a patient reporting chest pains. The patient, in this case, the study has an electrocardiogram examination at a different hospital. This case study's central hypothesis is the mechanical complication of myocardial infarction, which is the left ventricular wall's rapture and occurs 24 hours after the infraction. Clinically, the condition is a variable course and may be acute or severe.

Another hypothesis for this patient could be that the chest pains would cause aortic dissection where the pain is severe from the onset. Aortic dissection may present signs of pericardial effusion and differences between limb pulses. Extension of these conditions to other organs mat is the corresponding symptom of ischemic conditions. another major hypothesis for diagnosis could be a pulmonary embolism, which is highly unlikely due to the lack of symptoms associated with pulmonary vessels. It is among the most common symptoms of this disease and may be accompanied by coughs and severe chest pains. After admission to the heart institute, the patient was subjected to coronary angiography but developed cardiac arrest, which led to his death.

This is a patient with myocardial infarction who was admitted after 24 hours of experiencing chest pains with a high likelihood of mechanical complications that led to the ventricular cell wall's rupture. Most deaths associated with this condition occur within the first hours of the onset of pain. Some treatments have been implemented to improve the evaluation of patients and speed up diagnosis. These measures are. However, time-dependent fire to seek medical attention earlier may lead to death.

The 64-year-old man with systematic hypertension and severe chest pains is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction after medical assessment. The autopsies confirmed that his condition was a critical myocardial function, which caused the left ventricular wall's rapture. The mechanical complications of myocardial function accelerated the hemodynamic state. This condition was the likely cause of his cardiac arrest which led to his death. the patient had two risk factors, one for myocardial infarction and the other for atherosclerosis (Anderson & Morrow, 2017)

References

Anderson, J. L., & Morrow, D. A. (2017). Acute myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(21), 2053-2064.

Thygesen, K., Alpert, J. S., Jaffe, A. S., Chaitman, B. R., Bax, J. J., Morrow, D. A., ... & Executive Group on behalf of the Joint European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/World Heart Federation (WHF) Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. (2018). Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(18), 2231-2264.