Individuals Respond to Pain Paper Example

Introduction

Each individual responds differently to pain, and the perception that people have on pain is an essential component for the treatment and assessment of pain. Moreover, it is true that pain is perceived, treated and assessed differently depending on sex, race, and age (Doggweiler et al., 2017). For instance, it is evident that compared to men, women more pain and have lower tolerance and threshold to experimental pain. Further doctors prescribe less pain medication to women than on me.

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Chronic Pain

Chronic pain lasts for more than 12 weeks and persists for months and even longer. It arises from initial injuries such as a back sprain or ongoing illness. Additionally, other health problems such as sleep, decreased appetite, mood change, and fatigue may accompany chronic pain (Doggweiler et al., 2017). The treatment plan for chronic pain includes medication, electrical stimulation, surgery, nerve blocks, and acupuncture. Similarly, less invasive psychotherapy, biofeedback, relaxation, and behavior modification can also be used to treat chronic pain (Hulin, Gabbett, Lawson, Caputi, & Sampson, 2016). The methods can be useful in some individuals.

Moreover, other people find that adding alternative or complementary medicine can provide relief. This includes meditation, massage, and acupuncture (Bliss, Collingridge, Kaang, & Zhuo, 2016). The diagnosis of the pain is based on the patient's description of the timing, type, and location of the pain.

Acute Pain

Acute pain is the pain that lasts less than six months and is associated with tissue damage, paper cut, and a sprained ankle. The diagnosis of the condition involves the doctor asking about the history and symptoms of the illness, surgery, or injury (Bliss, Collingridge, Kaang, & Zhuo, 2016). Moreover, the patient may also be asked to fill a questioner to assess the location and intensity of the pain. Additionally, ongoing substance abuse, anxiety, and depression need to be identified. Other diagnostic tests may include imaging studies, blood tests, dye injection, electromyography, and nerve conduction (Doggweiler et al., 2017). Importantly, treatment of the condition consists of physical therapy, exercise, bioelectric therapy, stress reduction, application of heat or ice, resting the affected part, an and opioid.

Referred Pain

Referred pain takes place when one problem in the body causes pain to travel to another body part. The standard treatment methods include physical therapy management and medical management. Primarily the doctor needs to determine the source of the pain so that she can identify the best way to deal with the problem (Hulin, Gabbett, Lawson, Caputi, & Sampson, 2016). To diagnose the condition, the doctor will to take an extensive history about the patient and also weigh factors such as mobility problems, age, repetitive motion injuries, and family history to diagnose the problem.

References

Bliss, T. V., Collingridge, G. L., Kaang, B. K., & Zhuo, M. (2016). Synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex in acute and chronic pain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 17(8), 485.

Doggweiler, R., Whitmore, K. E., Meijlink, J. M., Drake, M. J., Frawley, H., Nordling, J., ... & Gomes, M. J. (2017). A standard for terminology in chronic pelvic pain syndromes: A report from the chronic pelvic pain working group of the international continence society. Neurourology and urodynamics, 36(4), 984-1008.

Hulin, B. T., Gabbett, T. J., Lawson, D. W., Caputi, P., & Sampson, J. A. (2016). The acute: chronic workload ratio predicts injury: high chronic workload may decrease injury risk in elite rugby league players. Br J Sports Med, 50(4), 231-236.