Gender Roles and Gender Inequality Essay

Gender inequality is a contention between the females and males in the matters of equal access to healthcare, equal employment, education, decision-making, and freedom from oppression and the threat of violence. The unequal treatment of the individuals due to the gender arises from differences in the gender roles.

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Furthermore, according to (Narayanan Selvaraj 5) gender inequality began in the ancient period where the male made and executed decisions and had the right to exercise power. Initially, the chief occupation for men was rearing animals and agriculture, and he finally settled with the female to become equal partners. The creation of family, the concept of property, and institutions emerged because of this settlement. The muscle power played a decisive role in acquiring property and the women. Since they were naturally weak, women were given various chores such as maintenance of the houses, nourishment of the children, and preparation of food (5). When a man died, his property was distributed among the sons and the male relatives, and the female was suppressed up and was made the dependent and the weaker person (7).

Moreover, conferring to (Martinez Jonny, par.1), gender inequality exists in every single level of the business sector. The statistics indicate that the women hold 6% executive positions in FTSE 100, while the majority of the men take up the high profile jobs. (par.3).The UK has now dropped from top 20 gender-equal states in the world for the first time in our history, as affirmed by the World Economic Forum. In the events industry, 61% of the respondents have encountered inappropriate behavior with 34% working on a site at an event and 8% while on a business trip (par5). The "Elephant in the Room" creates solutions that shift the behavioral balance and foment the respect deserved by everyone in this industry (9). Gender inequality is perpetuated in the employment sector when interviewing for jobs, working with the staffs on the goal-oriented tasks, and training, require the individuals to make the judgment about each other and act accordingly (Feinstein Rachael 3). The employers introduce a gendered framework where the person is obligated to fill in the details of a specific work task. The institutions can reinforce inequality and sex segregation within the occupations.

Of equal importance, exposure to benevolent sexism can harm the performance, goal, and motivation of the women. Women who interacted with the hiring manager scripted to make generous sexist statement became preoccupied with thoughts about their incompetence when role-playing a job candidate, and consequently performed worse in the interview, compared with those in a controlled condition. Moreover, ambivalent sexism can limit the women access to job opportunities; can lead to stigmatization and low rating of performance. When the women access to high-status male-typed jobs, increased sexual harassment is experienced, which lead to the withdrawals behavior. Besides, men face the gender gap in education in the United States; they are less likely to register in college and finish a four-year-old college degree. At the high school graduation, the gender gap is relatively small as compared to the students who complete college conditional on enrolling (Owensi Jayanti, 1).

Equally important, sports have been the sturdiest agent that influences gender inequality. Various social agents such as the school, peers, and family, are vital in the socialization process. The instruments continue to transmit stereotyped attitudes and behaviors that impede the participant equality and models of suitable practice with the youngsters (Zapico et al., 1). At the age of 12 and 13 years, sports exert a strong influence on behavioral differences and development of identity. The cultural traits that are transmitted during sports steer the boys and girls to be associated more with femininity or masculinity (2). Moreover, the structural functionalist emphasizes on the interconnectedness of the society by working together in harmony to maintain a social equilibrium and state balance. Similarly, the conflict perspective sees the community as composed of different clusters with different interests competing for power and resources (Mooney, Knox, and Schacht p.2).

Furthermore, those who speak a language, which makes sex-based grammatical gender distinctions exhibits, lower labor false participation among the US female migrants. In the US and abroad, there have been remarkable changes in gender inequality over time. (Gay, Hicks and Santacreu-Vasut par.14). At the beginning of the 20th century, the prevalent waves of migration originated from Europe, but over time, the migrants shifted towards the origin of Latin America and Asia. Speaking a language with sex-based genders is associated with lower labor market participation of women; thus, the relationship between gender roles and language is remarkably robust (par.15). Moreover, in the United States, the racial and the ethnic minorities earn less than comparable skilled white worker does, and the women of color are at the bottom rung in the inequality. The research reveals how the women of color are affected by race and gender (Kim Marlene par.1). Further, the World Development Report has assessed the impact of cultural factors on gender inequality and has emphasized that the economic and cultural disparities might feed on each other, leading to gender inequalities traps (Hiller Victor 456). Cultural relativism overlooks the complexity of interactions between the binary opposition between others and us and between culture and its strengths (Ataman Gilden p.70). It tries to delimit one's membership only to the ethnically constituted community by assuming there is an overlap between community solidarity and community ethnicity.

Conclusion

To conclude, gender inequality began in the ancient period where gender roles were distributed between the male and the female. In the employment sector, the employers influence gender variation by introducing gender framework in the institutions. Bivalent sexism limits the performance rate for the women and leads to stigmatization. The women of color are affected by race and gender in the US.

Works cited

Ataman Gildan. "Uses of culture and cultural relativism in gender violence discussion", 2015. Retrieved from dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/7227

Feinstein Rachael. "Review of framed by gender: how gender inequality persists in the modern world by Cecilia l. Ridgeway." Societies without boarders, Vol. 7(1). 124-127

Gay, Hicks, and Santacreu-Vasut." What language can teach as about gender norms of behavior" 2016. Retrieved from https://voxeu.org/article/language-and-gender-nums-behavior

Hillen Victor. "Gender inequality, endangers culture norms, and economic development." The scanadinanian journal of economics, Vol. 116(2), 455-481

Marlene Kim. "Inequalities by race and gender in earnings of women color." 2015. Retrieved from https://www.ineteconomics.org/...inequalities-by-race-and-gender-in-the-earning-of

Martinez Johnny. "The elephant in the room: gender inequality in the events industry." 2018. Retrieved from www.conference-news.co.ke/index.../eleohant-room-gender-inequality-events-industries.

Mooney, Knox, and Schacht. "The three main sociological perspectives." 2007. Retrieved from https://laulima.hawai.edu/access/content/user/socialogy/20%20three%20.sociallogical520perceptives.pdf

Narayanam Selvaraj." Historical background of gender inequality and succession right of Hindu women is right of property in Tamil Nadu.' Intellectual property rights; open access, Vol 4(2), 2016, 162.

Owensi Jayanti. "Early childhood behavior problems and gender gap in educational attainment in the United States." Sociology of education, Vol. 89(3), 2016, 236-258

Zapico, Tuero, J.Espartao, and Gonzdez. "The socialization process and gender inequality in school sports." Science 4 sports Vol 29, 2014.20