Essay Sample on Healthcare Reform and 21st Century Healthcare Information System

Introduction

The importance of healthcare is to create a society that is healthy. Due to the emerging of chronic disease among the older population, there is a need for intervention. Value-based health care aims at providing health results that are of importance to the patients at a relative cost of getting the required results. Health is of importance to the patient and aim of healthcare should focus on the patient rather than the health provider. The idea behind value-centered healthcare is to improve the results of health and become effective. For value-based health care to be implemented there is a need for transformation of both patients and health providers. This can be done by providing true health results, by primary care strengthening, by providing health systems that are integrated, payment scheme should be appropriate and embracing value rather than moral hazards, enhancing health information technology that can be trusted and creation of policies that fit and mind the community wellbeing. Before providing value-based healthcare good health status and value should be considered. This will lead to good health outcome that matters to the patients (Putera, 2017). The reflection of the patient cycle of care is used to measure the outcome of healthcare. There here tiers of outcome that the providers should focus on and these tiers include health status-completed, caring nature and recovery and lastly health sustainability.

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Primary Care Strengthening

Primary practitioners were believed to lack further knowledge but evidence shows that they are a cornerstone for world health. Primary care focus on preventive intervention. Maintenance of health among the population with risk factors is the measurement of primary care outcome. Provision of preventive medicine that is effective at a low cost is the main aim. Primary care should be strengthened with research concerning sustainable epidemiology and development of policies that fit a specific community that is in need. This will lead to good maintenance of health. The challenge faced by primary care is that current health system does not appreciate the practice of primary care and them only way this can be improved is by acquiring new skills, acquiring new ways of retrieving patient, advancing on payment schemes, and integration of both specialist and primary care.

Integration of Health System

Integrated practice unit was proposed so that value can be boosted through the competition on how medical treatment delivered by healthcare in a cycle of care. It is delivered by a multi-specialist team who come together to compete and achieve an outcome that are good at low cost. The integrated delivery system was put into place to challenge IPU. This gives the patient space to choose the medical provider they need depending on the outcome. But a challenge will incur because most healthcare bills are paid by health insurance company leading health care providers to divide the value rather than creating the value. It's important for the payment schemes to reward providers to helping in medical problems and providing a healthy society. This will motivate them.

Payments Scheme

Fee for service and capitation payment are appropriate payment scheme in healthcare to help in value improvement. But they have challenges because they appear to be unmatched when it comes to value-centered healthcare delivering. To solve this issue primary care strengthening is the only solution.

Information Technology

Its integration will help in data storage, data sharing and usage of healthcare data in decision making and communication which will help to improve value. Data stored in remote medical technology can become available through communication and information network when medical technology is used in information technology (Adjerid, Acquisti, Telang, Padman and Adler-Milstein, 2015). With the use of IT patients can get an accurate diagnostic test in one healthcare thus time and cost reduction. Use of IT in healthcare system does not solve the problem of healthcare delivery. This is because of obstacles such as social norms, transportation limitation, and poor nutrition. The suitable framework should be implemented to solve the problem. By the use of characteristics and the capabilities of the enterprise resource system all medical data in the healthcare can be stored thus helping information technology.

Telemedicine

Many patients are contented with communication through email, text or vides with healthcare providers. Many healthcare providers are willing to accept telemedicine because they solve problems related to cost, access to healthcare and the quality of services provided in healthcare. By the use of telemedicine, you can access healthcare any time anywhere. Chronic patient outcome will be improved because the healthcare system will improve from fee for service payment scheme model to a model that can address value-based care (Stowe and Harding, 2010). However, changes have to be made at federal and state ranks so that telemedicine can be accessible to everybody who is in need of it. Outdated practice rules and licensure for healthcare providers should be fixed. Also, the lack of reimbursement parity provision can challenge the expansion of telemedicine. Although Medicaid and Medicare have been incorporated into telemedicine technologies, there is still the need to change the payment program for the services provided (Frist, 2015). Due to federal policy adjustment, the need of the patient will be met. Telemedicine is a convenience to the customer, providing equal quality at a reduced cost. This tool will finally improve health delivery to the people who are in need.

These trends may have effects on strategic HMIS planning and organizational culture because the culture the healthcare providers have may have effect with new strategies thus unable to execute initiatives associated with health care reforms.

Legislation and Regulation Influencing Implementation of the Health Information Management System

Patient privacy should be protected according to federal and state legislation. The government has legislation that regulates the patient private information (Health IT, 2018). Lack of these regulations will lead the patient to withhold important information that will have an effect on the safety, quality and care outcome. Office of national coordination is accountable for implementing 21st-century cures act. The Act aims at improving the flow and interchange of health information by use of electronic. There are other federal partners that ONC support and cooperate with and they include: MACRA (The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015) aims at improving health care payment. It will change the healthcare system to a model where healthcare providers are paid according to the quality of care they give to the patients. Patients choose their participation method based on the specialty, location, practice size and population of the patient. HITECH act of 2009. Act their main aim is to improve the safety, efficiency, quality, improve populations health status and intensify the coordination of care provided by healthcare providers and engaging the patient in the care they are being given by the healthcare providers. HHS is provided with authority by HITECH to develop programs that fulfill its aim. This ensures that all health records and health information are exchange through electronic means in a very secure way. HIPPA is a discretion law used to guard health insurance coverage for employees and the family in case of a job change or job loss. National standards establishment are required for the transaction in electronic health care and also the formation of national identifiers of earners, employers, and insurance plan. These acts are important because they are sensitive when it comes to patient privacy. This Act makes sure that the health information maintains privacy, electronic records are secured, ensures insurance portability and administrative simplification. FDASIA (food and drug administration and innovative act) with session with ONC and federal communication commission chairman is supposed to form a report containing proposed strategies and endorsements that are appropriate and framework that regulate the risk in health IT that include applications used in medical mobiles, innovation promotion, patient safety protection and avoidance of regulatory duplication. Lastly, Affordable Care Act is establishing health care insurance improvements that are comprehensive aiming to increase health care access, quality improvement, low cost of health care and provide protection to new customers who are using the service for the first time.

Assessment of Each Initiative by CIOs

Due to these legislations and regulations governing health information they provide knowledge on what should be followed before the implementation of the health information management system. This becomes the source of knowledge to healthcare chief information officer. To help the healthcare chief information officer to fulfill the aim of health information management system and ensure the upgrading of the flow and interchange of electronic health information they need to train and be knowledgeable on laws and regulation governing patients privacy as well as different information technology systems used in healthcare.

Global Trends Prediction After Adoption and Use of HMIS in the Next Five Years

To give the patient better care the healthcare provider should take the opportunity and use the information provided to them. The use of individual patient information at every encounter will improve future encounters. Use of individual patient information it easy, efficient and effective to obtain better results for the patient. It's important to put data into a more private, digital and secure form so that they can be used in an easier way. Due to 21st Century Cures Act has helped in overcoming the challenges faced by health management information system. With its partnership with other acts, it will be helped in improving the quality of care to the patients who are in need (Edington, Schultz, Pitts and Camilleri, 2016). In five years to come, all challenges will be dealt so that healthcare providers can improve the quality of service they provide and make sure that in every dollar used in health care the value of care increases. Department of health and human service should make sure that all healthcare professionals regardless of the status will acquire reliable, actionable and complete response information irrespective of who recompenses for the care given. HHS will oversee that all administration and financial burden of gathering and reporting information are minimized on healthcare providers and practiced mostly small practices and those underserved and rural areas (Washington and amp; Slavitt, 2017). It's the role of the federal government to provide an ecosystem that can support physicians and patients. This ecosystem should be rich in data, should be patient-centered and should have a value-based health care system so that the outcome should be effective.

Health IT inventors can help in accomplishing the 5-year vision because data can be shared between EHRs and additional applications by clinicians. This helps them to get the required services and tools to improve their practice. Shared services which are at low cost are important for linking data such as value-based payment which relies on many services. Data consolidation and transparency are important because the stakeholder can get the required data in one place. Patient data standardization is important for quality measurement. Lastly, CMS and ONC are important for assisting in da...