Early Life Probiotics for Improving Postnatal Outcomes - Research Paper

Introduction

The presence of beneficial bacteria in the gut is very vital as they are able to maintain the mucosal barrier. In this way, the microorganisms help in protecting the neonate from enteric pathogens. It is also important in preventing systematic and local inflammation. The neonatal microbiome is highly influenced by infant diet, infection, as well as the maternal microbiome. Scholars have gone ahead and explained that probiotics have an effect of reducing the postnatal depression. It has been identified by researchers that when a pregnant woman is given probiotic in pregnancy, there is a high possibility that these pregnant women can be helped by the probiotics in treating and preventing symptoms of postnatal depression as well as anxiety.

Is your time best spent reading someone else’s essay? Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER!

Save 25%

Specifically, anxiety and depression can be reduced by 10-15 percent. It has been noted that postnatal depression is related to persistent depression. The danger that is associated with the mother suffering from the disorder, it's that there is a high possibility of the mother having difficulties in taking care of the infant. On the other hand, their quality of life is generally degraded, and in this way, the bond in between the mother and the infant becomes impossible. The serious thing about the depressed mother after giving birth is on the idea that it can cause a long-lasting 'effects on the cognitive ability of the child. Also, the child's social-emotional is affected negatively when the mothers are depressed. Generally, the result of depression ruins health outcome for both the infant and the mother. In order to curb all these effects as a result of depression after giving birth, the mother should be given probiotics. In this specific paper, the concern will on identifying the biochemical pathways that are relevant in the investigation regarding the use of probiotics by pregnant women.

The main purpose of using gut microbiota is that it has an effect of changing the whole body metabolism and health. The changes that are affected include allergy and immune function. Probiotics can be produced commercially to be used with the aim of improving health. Even though this has been the case, they have been disagreement on the issues of the use of probiotics in the recent past. Medical researchers have come up with maternal commercial bacteria populations evolve over the cause of pregnancy. It can play a pivotal role in maternal pregnancy adaptation as well as for placental and foetal growth. Studies that have been conducted have indicated that taking of probiotics has the effect of improving maternal pregnancy outcomes (Varal, Koksal, Ozkan, Bagci, & Dogan, 2018). They are also related to a reduction of the paediatric GI infections and even improving allergic reactions. The main question is on that if there are no negative effects of probiotics on pregnant women, should it be taken as a potential prophylactic treatment?

Recommendation to Use or Not to Use Probiotics as Standard Clinical Practice

Zheng, Feng, Sheng & Xiao (2018) have argued that the use of probiotics in supplementing diet for pregnant women has an effect of improving their health. The study conducted by Zheng, Feng, & Xiao (2018), was based on investigating the impact of probiotics supplementation on metabolic health as well as the related complications that have a potential of establishing difficulties concerning problems of pregnant women. To get answers for the research, the scholars used collected data, done literature search and then carrying quality assessment while synthesized data inline to the set guidelines. The revelation that was realized by this specific study was that probiotics supplementation during pregnancy is much of importance to on glucose metabolism, rather than lipid metabolism among pregnant women.

There has been finding that use of probiotics has an effect of helping women with obesity who are at a higher risk of fetal and maternal morbidity as well as mortality. The condition of obesity has also been associated with the risk of women undergoing cesarean. By use of probiotics in their diet, there is a high possibility of them avoiding the adverse pregnancy outcomes (Taylor et al., 2017). As per the report released by the World Health Organization, it has been found out that probiotics are associated with some health benefits on the host microorganism (Taylor et al., 2017). It has also been identified that there are no dissimilarities in metabolic changes or pregnancy outcomes in women with obesity, although the concept is limited to a number of studies that have been carried out on the subject. The special effects of probiotic use on baby wellbeing consequences are indeterminate.

Outcome Pregnant Women Supplementing Their Diets with Probiotics

Notably, the CFU probiotic evaluation has shown that there are benefits of probiotics supplementation on metabolic well-being in expectant females. On the other hand, it has been found out that Bifid bacterium and Lactobacillus are mainly used in strains. The two are beneficial in the sense that they are probiotic pressures for the metabolic well-being of expectant womenfolk. While referencing the studies that are available regarding the use of probiotic for women with pregnancy, the information on their effects is limit(Zheng,S Feng, Zheng, & Xiao, 2018). This being the case there is a high need by the scholars to ensure that they intensify their investigations on the ideal probiotic strains for the clinical interventions. In addition to this, there is also a high demand to establish the RCT studies that are based on efficacy among the various variables of CFU.

Potential Health Benefits of Probiotics

In order to prevent abnormal metabolic status, probiotic supplementation has experienced critical implications that are used for early treatment and prevention of the metabolic state. On the other, there is a high demand to ensure that there exists a high scale of clinical trials that can explain and help in making a realization of the implication of probiotics in the life of a woman who has just given birth. Also, it can be easier to tell the long-term impact of the use of probiotics in pregnant women.

Taylor et al. (2017) carried out a study that was based on the investigation of the effects of metabolism due to the administration of probiotics in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Their research was also aimed at reviewing the result of probiotics on abstaining plasma glucose. Another study carried out has shown that oral maternal nutritional supplements containing probiotics are noted to have an effect of balancing of protein, energy, as well as nutrients in order to give support to a healthy pregnancy. In addition to this, it has been found out that probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus, as well as Bifidobacterium lactis, are important in taking care of adequate postnatal and prenatal growth rate. There is no difference that was observed that there is a potential benefit of the motherly appendage on baby fitness, even without the use of supplements in the diet. The problem with this finding is that only a few studies that have been carried out on the area, hence there is a need to for more studies to be done to confirm on this.

There is a benefit of the use of probiotics by women in developing countries as the use of nutritional supplements that contain probiotics is a potential way that can be used in improving the growth of the infant. It has also been found that the direction of Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the trimester of pregnancy and even in the first month of breastfeeding are safe for the fetus, mothers and infants.

Another benefit that is associated with the use of probiotics is that it can be used in preventing constipation that can be a cause of discomfort to many mothers. Illness has been defined as an effect of hormones that cause the smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract to relax. When this tract does so, manipulation of the diet taken by the patient can help in containing the condition. The food should be characterised by fibres as well as the use of fluids in reducing the effect of constipation (Taylor et al., 2017). In this specific treatment, the addition of probiotic is a good nutritional value. Use of fermented foods is such as kefir, and yogurt can serve the purpose of the probiotic use in the therapy. Probiotics are very beneficial as they are capable of treating a wide range of diseases including cancer (Taylor et al., 2017). Use of probiotics is important during pregnancy and even after the birth of the child. There are very many types of probiotics in various tracts found in the human body. The vaginal tract is important as it fosters healthy tissue during and after delivery.

Breastfeeding is another vital factor that a rich source of probiotics for the infant. The result of this is that the child enjoys both undersized and lasting well-being assistance. In the long-term, the child is protected from diseases while in the short term the child is protected from the risk of infections such as type-1 diabetes (Mantaring et al., 2018). Human milk has been found to have various substances that include antibodies, enzymes, and cytokines.

Probiotics are advantageous in the sense that they play a significant role in the interaction between the entire nervous system and the brain. Basically, this is known as the brain-gut microbiota axis. It is worth noting that any alteration of microbiota can cause irritable bowel syndrome that can lead to autism spectrum disorders (Baldassarre et al., 2018). Other benefits of the probiotics are that they are responsible for modulation of the neurotransmitter, a thing that affects brain development. Failure for subjecting a child to the probiotics to some extent puts the child to the risk of causing changes in their gut and brain.

There are other benefits that are due to probiotics. These include improvement of the gastrointestinal disorders. It is worth noting that probiotics play a pivotal role in the development and wellbeing of the duodenal expanse. The microbiota takes part in the expansion of gastrointestinal functions, especially in the gut-brain axis (Baldassarre et al., 2018. This is responsible for sending as well as receiving signals from the receptors an and the brain. In reference to this, it is worth noting that the composition of the microbiota is much of significance to the bidirectional relationship that exists in between the brain and the gut. It is important to ensure that that microbiota is in the right balance and in this way, the functioning of the pathogens is influenced (Baldassarre et al., 2018. Basically, the implication is that probiotics help in making the child to avoid gastrointestinal disorder that has been noted to be affecting a proportionate of 20 percent for children who have been born.

Conclusion

Researchers have also identified and explained the fact that probiotics provide safety in pregnancy as well as during the neonatal period. Notably, the premature supplementation of probiotics in both postnatal and perinatal phases, have been noted to be having a constructive influence of the forthcoming wellbeing of the new-borns. Probiotic intervention can be used as a preventive measure by pregnant women in order to avoid the diseases and disorders associated. Even the thought that is the case, it is much of importance to make sure that the administration of probiotics is characterised by effectiveness and a high level of safety, especially in the fact of commercially produced probiotics. They should be the case, whenever a pregnant woman or an infant is being administered with the probiotic....