Dental Hygiene: Preventive Counselling Competency

Pain that is felt in the sinus area of te face is associated with the upper back toothache since they share the same nerve. An intense toothache can be accompanied by swelling which is a result of abscess or infection. The reason for the upper back left a toothache is due to a small area of tooth decay, a loose filling and an exposed root as a result of abrasion or even gum recession. Most of the time the problem is caused a bacterial plague that affects the gum and the best escape for this is to carry out the best technique in brushing and flossing. Also, it is important to use toothpaste that contains fluoride. The upper back of the teeth shares the same nerves as the sinus cavity and the pain can be more severe without proper treatment. The tooth can be in danger of being dead leading to an abscess which is a bacterial pocket that is formed under bacterial pocket which forms under the nerve in the tooth.

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Pain is usually considered as a protective response which ranges from minor sensitivity to severe pain, therefore, informing the body that there is something wrong. The primary cause of this pain is abscessed teeth which are a condition where dental pulp which is also known as the nerve is infected. The occurrence indicates that long duration tooth decay is imminent causing the pain between the gum and the tooth. The pain will interfere with the chewing, and some can experience swelling in the neck glands.

Soreness of the mouth can be characterized by swelling and redness of the lining of the mouth. It sometimes can be out of painful ulcers. An ulcer involves the formation of a hole that forms in the lining of the mouth when the top layer cells break down. Most of the ulcers appear to be red in color although there are some that are white due to dead cells and food debris in the center portion (Scattarella, Petruzzi, Ballini, Grassi, & Nardi, 2010). Some sore are raised, and others are filled with fluid like how a blister is. In some occasions, the mouth can appear normal although with a burning syndrome. The ulcers in the mouth make eating difficult, and it can lead to dehydration and undernutrition. Some sores can go away for a few days and then reoccur.

Mouth sores are caused by a viral infection like herpes and other infections that are caused by fungi or bacteria (Scattarella, Petruzzi, Ballini, Grassi, & Nardi, 2010). If ingestion of chemicals or irritating food happens, one can be vulnerable to mouth soreness. The recurrent aphthous stomatitis or what is referred to as canker sore, drug use especially chemotherapy drugs and radiation therapy can trigger (Jang, 2015). If one injures their tongue or mouth by biting themselves or there is a history of systemic disorders.

A bacterial infection can cause mouth sore and also mouth swelling. The infection can be brought about by organism overgrowth which becomes present in the mouth or the introduced organism. The infection from the gums or teeth can spread forming a pus-filled pocket of infection or even inflammation.

As much as the oral issue is concerned, the patient is experiencing pain and has a sore mouth. There are few things that one can carry out to minimize painful teeth and control discomfort (Jang, 2015). In the quest to keep the teeth clean, it is advisable to keep the teeth clean by brushing them thrice a day and not frequently. Gums are considered delicate tissue, and when you brush in the wrong way, then they could be damaged. Proper brushing technique should be used.

Flossing on a daily basis is important since it will prevent gum problem to arise in the future and also deal with the current ones. Floss takes only a few minutes, but it is worth it. Using the antiseptic mouthwash is also important since it kills bacteria that cause gum disease (Jang, 2015). A well-balanced diet with an inclusion of vitamin C and calcium is likely to minimize the gum problem which can lead to prevention of mouth sores.

Plenty water after a meal can be useful in washing the food from the teeth, therefore, making it less likely for the bacteria to form a damaging gum plague that will cause a toothache in the future. Smoking tobacco is dangerous, and it is important to be cautious about extreme hot or even cold food and drinks (Buglar, White, & Robinson, 2010). With gum and toothache, it is advisable to settle down on warm or cool food since extreme cold, and hot food or drinks can increase tooth sensitivity causing more pain or sinus pain when taken (Wilder, 2003). It is also considerably necessary for the patient to be relaxed and avoid stress. Stress is the main factor that leads to inflammation throughout the body. If stress is high, then hormone cortisol rises causing tooth problems.

Oral Self Care

The patient should carry out the plan that will enable him to learn how to do things the right way and at the same time conduct oral hygiene and safeguard his tooth from infection. The patient should practice some techniques. In the areas of toothbrush selection, Selection should be based on the individual preference and ability to manipulate the brush. Soft bristled brush, with flexible neck and a powered toothbrush, if the toothbrush used has hard bristles, it can damage the gums (Buglar, White, & Robinson, 2010). It is important to seek a manual toothbrush that has a seal approval for the dental association. The appropriate toothbrush is selected according to size, texture, and design.

Toothbrush vary in size, design and the choice depends on dexterity, personal preference, and correct procedure. If you want to buy any toothbrush, you should consider the specifications of the America Dental Association ("Assessing the Capacity for Oral Hygiene Self-Care," 2016). It is important to know whether the brush you are using is medium or hard so that the abrasion of tooth surface can be changed. Brushing teeth is carried by a specific approach and some features are imminent to be checked should the technique be fruitful. Brushing surface should 1-1.25 inch, 2-4 rows of bristles, 0.2 mm soft, 0.3mm medium and 0.4mm hardness ("Brushing versus flossing for interdental cleaning," 2007). The removal of plague depends on the technique used and the choice of a toothbrush. With a toothbrush that contain ADA specifications about width and length, there would be no problems. Most people prefer to use brushes with smaller heads than bigger heads which is inappropriate if you need total removal of the debris

Proper toothbrush bristle orientation and angulation is a major concern for oral self -care. In bristle specification, Tufts of conventional bristles located in the center row of the base area of the toothbrush head and the bristles are inserted. Hard-medium bristles damage the gums and should be avoided ("Assessing the Capacity for Oral Hygiene Self-Care," 2016). The goal of brushing is to remove plagues as gently as possible while protecting gums and teeth and at the same time cleaning them. A Proper grasp of a toothbrush has been mistaken as most people have been doing it the wrong way. Grasp the toothbrush with the entire hand, with the thumb pointing the bristles, use the firm grasp, use the short, back forth brushing motion outside the mouth. It is important to brush both the teeth and the gum with the use of systematic brushing, so no area is missed.

When brushing the teeth, a considerable motion is gained that would allow cleaning and protection of the gum from bleeding (Wilder, 2003). Place the toothbrush over the teeth and wiggle it back and forth a little bit making sure the bristles cover each tooth ("Brushing versus flossing for interdental cleaning," 2007). Use gentle circular massaging motion. By using the wrong motion, the patient scrubs the tooth enamel aging the teeth prematurely. The length of time supposed to be accumulated while brushing is also limited. Too much brushing is not healthy. Therefore, the average brushing time is 2-4 minutes. Proper brushing time will protect the enamel from frequent scrubbing.

A tooth brushing routine and a pattern should be formed so it can be upon you to make sure that brushing is done at least twice per day. It allows proper time to spend cleaning every quadrant of the mouth. Choosing appropriate interproximal cleansing device is also important. Interproximal cleaning involves cleaning of the gaps between the teeth that is occupied by the gums ("Assessing the Capacity for Oral Hygiene Self-Care," 2016). Examples of such devices are the use of Dental Floss, electric brush, and oral irrigators. A rationale for the selection of an interproximal cleansing device is appropriate. Proximal brushes are those with quality filaments. This is to ensure that specific interproximal cleaning is essential for biofilm removal ("Brushing versus flossing for interdental cleaning," 2007). Proper grasp is demonstrated when utilizing dental floss. Floss is wrapped around the second finger, guided by the thumb and first finger. Proper floss use prevents gingivitis bleeding.

Proper insertion of floss is only achieved through contact with a sawing motion since proper flossing removes plaque and food particles. Adaptation of floss is maintained by wrapping floss in C-shaped around the tooth. It is wise to floss all the teeth, the upper and the lower. The activation of floss is done with a buffing and zig zag motion. To enable cleanliness, counter floss around the side of the tooth, underneath the gumline and between the teeth. Access with the floss is gained to all interproximal area in the mouth since plague build up can cause tooth decay and gum disease.

Appropriate flossing routine and pattern is made permanent where it is maintained on a daily basis. Daily flossing removes all the plagues and debris and for perfection to occur, consideration of using two types of floss can grant you that. The two types of floss are nylon and PIFE and both types of floss remove plagues even with tight spaces between teeth ("Brushing versus flossing for interdental cleaning," 2007). It is essential for the removal of biofilm to be well monitored and guided. Flossing can result into complications, and it is important to be Appropriate gentle procedure should be followed to enable this success. The steps to be followed include:

With 18 inches of floss, the wind each middle finger leaving floss to work on an inch.
Slide gently holding floss between thumb and index finger
Curve the floss around the base of each tooth going beneath the gum line
Use clean floss section on every tooth
Use of forth and back motion to bring the floss up and away from teeth

Biofilm Removal

To make sure that the patient can be able to perform the biofilm removal instructions, the patient will be provided with an individual biofilm removal instructions which will be written in a book to allow easy referral. The instruction will contain the procedures that were discussed on the oral self -care plan and it will aid with the areas of emphasis and for clarity. Also, interval visits will be increased whereby the patient will be requested to turn up for check up to confirm that the instructions are followed to the latter.

Etiology of Periodontal Diseases

Periodontal disease is a pathological condition of the inflammation of the gum and bone support that are surrounding the teeth. The two common periodontal diseases include gingivitis and periodontitis. The mouth is full of bacteria together with mucus and other particles. They, therefore, form a sticky, colorless plaque on the teeth. If the plaque is not removed, it can harden and form tartar that cannot be cleaned with a brush unless it is flossed. The bacteria cause the gum to turn red, swell and it can bleed badly in the case of gingivitis. Gingivitis can be treated brushing and flossing on a daily basis. It can also be minimized by a dentist or dental...