Responses on Assignments About Cancer and Public Health

Assignment 1 Response

National Institute of Health is a health agency in the United States that is devoted towards healthcare research. The National Health Institute operates under the department of Health and Human Services with many separate institutes that focus on different research regions in the field of healthcare (Magnuson & Fu, 2014). The National Cancer Institute for instance deals with cancer research with the objective of reducing the high morbidity and mortality caused by cancer. I agree with the author's view that NIH is a Biosurveillance organization that uses syndromic data to carry out research on different healthcare problems with the aim of interpreting, planning and implementation of health solutions (United States Public Health Public Health Service. 1992). NIH is not an information and Biosurveillance organization but a research organization that is highly involved in finding solutions for many healthcare problems that faces the American population today (Zeng et al., 2010).Syndromic data involves a collective set of health organizations or centers collecting clinical data that is analyzed to assess the trends in health care problems. NIH uses different organizations to concentrate on particular health problems which promotes the use syndromic data to research and inform healthcare providers on the best practices.

Is your time best spent reading someone else’s essay? Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER!

Save 25%

NIH has played a significant role in the creation and reinforcement of evidence based practices in the United States through collective research on diseases and the best interventions that are proved through research. NIH broad based application use is the best approach to ensure that the different institutes under the organization are able to share data and research (Kass-Hout & Zhang, 2010). NIH primary role is the collection, storage, standardizing and publishing biomedical data and research which makes the broad based application the best approach to integrate and promote information sharing. I would advocate for the Three-Tier Architectural which is a client-server architecture for National Institute of Health (Mordini & Green, 2013). The client-server architecture allows easy regulation of the information as well as increases the number of parties which can access data in NIH making it ideal for an organization with many separate organizations and third parties who contribute to the data and also use NIH analysis to make health care decisions in the United States. Other organizations such as CDC uses the client-server architecture which has been highly successful in sharing health research and data.

Assignment 2 Response

Nigeria's Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) is a new organization that uses a client-server architecture with a model similar to that of the United States CDC with the mandate of diseases surveillance in Nigeria (Njidda et al., 2018). I agree with the author that the NCDC is a good model for Biosurveillance especially in Africa where many countries lack the resources and technology to set up proper Biosurveillance institutions. Nigeria is one of the few countries in the African continent that have a functional Biosurveillance organization which can boost the region healthcare decision making based on actionable data collected through many emerging partners (In Gamatie, 2014). The NCDC has a long way to go due to its poor infrastructure which is mainly caused by poor resources allocation (Global Biodefense. 2018). Therefore, I agree that NCDC should use a client-server based architecture and invest in cloud based data solutions to promote the collection and analysis of syndromic data.

NCDC use of a stand-alone surveillance system design limits the ability of the organization to collect and disseminate disease information across the country. Organizations such as NCDC should be used in Biosurveillance with the ability of warning the population and stakeholders in case of disease outbreaks by assessing existing syndromic data. Therefore, NCDC should implement modern information infrastructural system by adopting a broad based client-server architecture that can use cloud based storage to promote data collection and sharing to different stakeholders in the country (Simon & Wheeler, 2014). Besides, NCDC should create a disease warning system that can be able to use Biosurveillance data to handle disease outbreaks. There are a high number of private healthcare organizations in Nigeria and the country should take the initiative to recruit more private practice organizations into the organization which will make it easy for the NCDC to gather syndromic data and also to share actionable healthcare information (Welcome, 2011).

Assignment 3 Response

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is an elite healthcare organization in the United States with a very advanced Biosurveillance system which can act as a model to future disease surveillance organizations. The organization has been able to collect syndromic data on diseases in the United States and also has a warning system that makes it easy for the organization to meet its objectives (Conesa et al., 2009). I agree that CDC protects the United States from biosecurity threats with heightened bio warfare threat through a broad based client-server architecture that makes it easy to collect and disseminate data (Gann, 2009). CDC is a well-organized organization operating at the local, state and national levels which makes it efficient to collect data as well as implement a bio disaster warning system. CDC uses BioSense syndromic program and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NDSSS) to collect data and monitor disease situations in the United States and also globally from multiple partners who work together with the organization.

CDC Biosurveillance strategy has been effective in ensuring that the organization achieve its mandate. The organization uses electronic health information to integrate Biosurveillance data that promote the management of diseases to prevent possible outbreaks by ensuring quick response to disease epidemics (Savel et al., 2010). The ability of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NDSSS) to link public and private health organizations at all levels has enabled CDC to collect highly reliable syndromic data (Jenkins, 2010). The cloud based data storage adopted by the organization has made it easy to implement a client-server architecture and I can agree that it has optimized the collection and sharing of data between different partners which promotes Biosurveillance and preparedness for the organization to manage any bio disaster (Subhash, 2009).

References

Conesa, D., Lopez-Quilez, A., Martinez-Beneito, M. A., Miralles, M. T., & Verdejo, F. (2009). FluDetWeb: an interactive web-based system for the early detection of the onset of influenza epidemics. BMC medical informatics and decision making, 9(1), 36.

Gann, R. (2009). BioSurveillance and the Holy Grid-Does it Compute?. Retrieved on July, 20, 2010.

Global Biodefense. (2018, November 15). President Buhari Signs Act Formalizing Support of Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. Retrieved from https://globalbiodefense.com/2018/11/15/president-buhari-signs-act-formalizing-support-of-nigeria-centre-for-disease-control/

In Gamatie, A. (2014). Computing in research and development in Africa: Benefits, trends, challenges and solutions.

Jenkins, W. O. (2010). Biosurveillance: Efforts to Develop a National Biosurveillance Capability Need a National Strategy and a Designated Leader. DIANE Publishing.

Kass-Hout, T., & Zhang, X. (Eds.). (2010). Biosurveillance: methods and case studies. CRC Press.

Magnuson, J. A., & Fu, P. C. (2014). Public health informatics and information systems. London: Springer, [2014]

Mordini, E., & Green, M. (Eds.). (2013). Internet-based Intelligence in Public Health Emergencies: Early Detection and Response in Disease Outbreak Crises (Vol. 105). Ios Press.

Njidda, A. M., Oyebanji, O., Obasanya, J., Ojo, O., Adedeji, A., Mba, N., ... & Ihekweazu, C. (2018). The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. BMJ global health, 3(2), e000712.

Savel, T. G., Bronstein, A., Duck, W., Rhodes, M. B., Lee, B., Stinn, J., & Worthen, K. (2010). Using Secure Web Services to Visualize Poison Center Data for Nationwide Biosurveillance: A Case Study. Online journal of public health informatics, 2(1).

Simon, A. R., & Wheeler, T. (2014). Open client/server computing and middleware. Academic Press.

Subhash, C. Y. (2009). Introduction To Client Sever Computing. New Age International.

United States Public Health Public Health Service. (1992). Healthy people 2000: National health promotion and disease prevention objectives : full report, with commentary. Boston: Jones and Bartlett.

Welcome, M. O. (2011). The Nigerian health care system: need for integrating adequate medical intelligence and surveillance systems. Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences, 3(4), 470.

Zeng, D., Chen, H., Castillo-Chavez, C., Lober, W. B., & Thurmond, M. (Eds.). (2010). Infectious disease informatics and biosurveillance (Vol. 27). Springer Science & Business Media.