Paper Sample on Human Body: Hormones Essential for Reproduction & Functioning

Introduction

The human body is made up of many hormones, each responsible for different functions. While some of them are minor and only needed in minimal quantities, others are required at regular intervals. All the hormones need to be present for all the body functions to happen. In addition to that, they are essential in reproduction both in male and female. In males, some hormones like testosterone are necessary in the production of sperms and also some of the manly characteristics such as being muscular and beard development. In women, it regulates essential aspects such as ovulation and some female characteristics such as silkiness of hair, smooth voice development, breast, and hips development. This paper is a case study based on a question-based setting for a patient exhibiting particular characteristics.

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Question 1

The patient is a 24-year-old woman complaining of difficulty in conceiving a child and irregularities in her menses. Based on this diagnosis, the best diagnosis for the cause is a hormonal imbalance. Oestrogen hormone is essential in making ova. When it is produced I quantities that are not regular or in minimal amounts, the egg may take longer to form. It may, therefore, result in the delay f periods. Another cause of irregular menses is stress, change in birth control pills, and excessive exercise. Another major cause of the condition is polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Question 2

I would ask her if her menses come with irregular cramping or any other abnormalities such as very heavy flows. I would also ask about is the presence of blood clots. It is normal to have small clots I the blood since some of the uterine tissue is shed, but in some instances, the blood clots may be bigger than usual (Cervi, 2017).

Question 3

Basing on the above symptoms that the lady is displaying, I would ask her about her schedule of exercise. I would also ask her about her current situation if she has been undergoing any stressful situations. I would also ask her if she has been using any birth control pills. If she has, I will enquire about the type and the quantities and any changes that she has had in taking them. Besides, I would ask her about previous medical operations. If she has had an operation, especially in the reproductive system. Some of the women may have difficulty due to interference with the uterine system making it hard for them to get children (Kim et al., 2017).

Question 4

Basing on the medical examinations carried out, the lady has some aspects that are relatable to the condition that she is in. Facial hair absence was a sign that the medication that she was using worked. The midclavicular line is, however, shorter than the recommended size. It should be 6-12 cm long (Kromreyet al, 2018). It is positive that she has no pelvic tenderness. One of the major causes of tenderness is a vaginal infection and ovarian cysts.

Question 5

I would obtain the following tests

1) Thyroid function test to check if the thyroids are working at optimum.

2) Ovary function test to check if the ovaries are developing ova properly.

3) Prolactin test to check the levels of prolactin and check for pituitary gland tumor.

4) Ultrasound to check for abnormalities in the reproductive tract. An example is the blockage of fallopian tubes.

5) Magnetic resonance imaging to check for the soft tissues in the reproductive system.

Question 6

The best imaging for the condition is magnetic resonance imaging. It produces a detailed picture of soft tissue in the body of the patient. The reproductive system needs to be checked in detail to check for any abnormalities.

Question 7

The best management is to administer clomiphene to help her ovulate. It increases the chance of getting children. She should keep up the exercise and avoid increasing it further (Azziz et al., 2016). Apart from that, she should also be enrolled in progestin therapy. This will make the periods more regular and reduce the chances of endometrial cancer.

References

Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Chen, Z., Dunaif, A., Laven, J. S., Legro, R. S., ... & Yildiz, B. O. (2016). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nature reviews Disease primers, 2, 16057.

Cervi, L. (2017). The business of assisted reproductive technologies: A research agenda. In Gender Equality and Responsible Business (pp. 56-70). Routledge.

Kim, C., Aroda, V. R., Goldberg, R. B., Younes, N., Edelstein, S. L., Carrion-Petersen, M., ... & Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study Group. (2017). Androgens, irregular menses, and risk of diabetes and coronary artery calcification in the Diabetes Prevention Program. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103(2), 486-496.

Kromrey, M. L., Ittermann, T., Plodeck, V., Seppelt, D., Hoffmann, R. T., Heiss, P., & Kuhn, J. P. (2018). Reference values of liver volume in Caucasian population and factors influencing liver size. European journal of radiology, 106, 32-37.