Paper Example on Hourly Rounding Improves Nursing Responsiveness

Article `1: Mitchell, M. D., Lavenberg, J. G., Trotta, R. L., & Umscheid, C. A. (2014). Hourly Rounding to Improve Nursing Responsiveness. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 44(9), 462-472. doi:10.1097/nna.0000000000000101

In September 2014, the Journal of Nursing Administratin issued the outcomes of the study that was carried out by Mitchell, Lavenberg, Trotta, and, Umscheid, a large clinical study synthesizing the proof regarding the effect of hourly rounding routine on patient gratification with nursing care. Nonetheless, this study lacked clear research questions, but this did not prevent clear conveying of study aim and objective rationally. The study conducted a systematic review which followed PICO framework leading to the production of the highest level of evidence and the evidence was graded to give decision makers easy works when making a recommendation regarding the topic at hand (Walters, 2018). The first search obtained 16 scholarly materials the meet PICO framework from a search of 1,279 databases and 11 appraisal references. The scholarly article results acknowledged that reliability in how the outcome of hourly rounds was calculated, preventing analysis. Nevertheless, the study recommends that nurses managers need to consider executing an hourly rounding program because the controlled trials detect the most cost-effective strategy. The study goes ahead to offer discussion not only hourly rounding has advantageous effects, majorly on the outcomes of patient satisfaction, but also shortcomings the study faced due to the methodology is assumed. The report was accompanied by a conclusion that recognizes how individual study had weak research design and has unreliable reporting quality on the research topic leading to low to moderate evidence supporting the study. Furthermore, it reinforces the implication of the study by claiming that additional evidence will not reject this conclusion and finally it gives direction for the future study on how it can improve its findings. This study provides reliable evidence that can be used to support implementation on hourly rounding to enhance nursing responsiveness. However, the study has no ethic approval implying that it did not present evidence for ethical approval before its publication to the wider research community (Beghin et al., 2008)

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Article 2: Sherrington, C., Michaleff, Z., Fairhall, N., Tiedemann, A., Whitney, J., Cumming, R., . . . Lord, S. (2017). Exercise To Prevent Falls In Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Innovation in Aging, 1(Suppl_1), 268-268. doi:10.1093/geroni/igx004.982

The purpose of the study was to update the previous finding from a meta-analysis study that claimed that exercise prevents falls among older individuals. The study did not any research question. To achieve the objective of the study, it used randomized controlled trials study design and was also guided by PRISMA framework. The study was conducted among the elderlies. The sample population composed of 19,478 members, which the authors obtained 99 comparisons from 88 trials. The key finding of the study was that generally, exercise minimized the rate of falls among older individual by 21%, especially exercises that tend to challenge balance and involved more than 3 hours weekly of exercise. The findings were further analyzed in the discussion section, the study made a conclusion that a single intervention measure can reduce and prevent falls between elderly people with Parkinson and cognitive impairment. However, the study faced several limitations. Specifically, the meta-regression is needed to be analyzed with the precaution as the effects approximated with meta-regression was grounded on non-randomized comparisons between studies, hence confusing. Moreover, the study used published papers and thus, there is the potential for incorrect interpretation. Incorrect interpretation stands as a threat to the quality of a study (Burke, Whittemore, & Magnuson, 2013).

Article 3: Sims, S., Leamy, M., Davies, N., Schnitzler, K., Levenson, R., Mayer, F., . . . Harris, R. (2018). Realist synthesis of intentional rounding in hospital wards: Exploring the evidence of what works, for whom, in what circumstances and why. BMJ Quality & Safety, 27(9), 743-757. Retrieved from: 10.1136/bmjqs-2017-006757

This study was designed to produce evidence on what works, to how, and, why it to develop a theory of IR model. A literature review was conducted of database search as CINAHL, AMED, and, MEDLINE. The search assumed a PICO guideline. PICO framework helps to produce relevant results (Bramer et al., 2018.). Further, the author consulted the stakeholders for more evidence.18 peer-reviewed journal and 21 professional presses 4 study report, and a doctoral press were used as the sample size for the study. From the sample size, a document flow diagram for the synthesis process was developed and 44 papers were chosen from the sample. Results were further grouped into subheadings that run from com1 to com8. Which the combination analysis that combined all those subheading form discussion part. The study ends by pointing out the uncertainty and impreciseness that tend to exist in the concept of IR and acknowledges the existence of insignificant evident to support the program since it workability was involved in different contexts. According to Burns, Rohrich, and, Chung (2011) claim that doctors and nurses are encouraged to use the highest level of evidence to answer clinical questions; therefore, such studies are not recommended to be used for evidence-based researches.

Article 4: Tricco, A. C., Thomas, S. M., Veroniki, A. A., Hamid, J. S., Cogo, E., Strifler, L., . . . Straus, S. E. (2017). Comparisons of Interventions for Preventing Falls in Older Adults. Jama, 318(17), 11687. Retrieved from: 10.1001/jama.2017.15006

The purpose of this study is to make a comparison between systems reviewed studies and meta-analysis to produce evidence of a fall prevention program. The research is what kinds of fall prevention program any be is most effective for minimizing injuries falls in the elderly population? The study employed PICO structure to conducted systematic review in the following database MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and, Age Line. Besides, the search followed the protocol given by systematic Review and Meta-analysis-PRISMA-P. The primary results were the numbers of injurious falls and fall-associated hospitalizations and the secondary results were the rate of falls, number of falls associated emergency units, and, numbers of falls. A pilot study was carried out to examine eligibility criteria, followed by a screening, which was done by pairs of reviewers and dispute resolved by a third reviewer. A sum of 283 RCTs from 15,991 contestants was comprised after a screening of 10,650 headings and abstracts.

All comparison modified funnel plots implied no evidence of publication bias. Therefore, RCT suffered no risk of bias. From the statistical analysis there no presences of substantial discrepancy across the network meta-analysis. The result was consistent throughout the study, hence it the conclusion is authentic and reliable. Thus, exercise can be implemented to minimize risk and prevent falls among elderlies.

References

Bramer, W. M., de Jonge, G. B., Rethlefsen, M. L., Mast, F., & Kleijnen, J. (2018). A systematic approach to searching: an efficient and complete method to develop literature searches. Journal of the Medical Library Association: JMLA, 106(4), 531. Retrieved from: doi: 10.5195/jmla.2018.283

Beghin, L., Castera, M., Manios, Y., Gilbert, C. C., Kersting, M., De Henauw, S., ... & Leclercq, C. (2008). Quality assurance of ethical issues and regulatory aspects relating to good clinical practices in the HELENA Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Obesity, 32(S5), S12. Retrieved from: https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo2008179

Burke, D. A., Whittemore, S. R., & Magnuson, D. S. (2013). Consequences of common data analysis inaccuracies in CNS trauma injury basic research. Journal of neurotrauma, 30(10), 797-805. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2704

Burns, P. B., Rohrich, R. J., & Chung, K. C. (2011). The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 128(1), 305. Retrieved from: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318219c171

Mitchell, M. D., Lavenberg, J. G., Trotta, R. L., & Umscheid, C. A. (2014). Hourly Rounding to Improve Nursing Responsiveness. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 44(9), 462-472. doi:10.1097/nna.0000000000000101

Sherrington, C., Michaleff, Z., Fairhall, N., Tiedemann, A., Whitney, J., Cumming, R., . . . Lord, S. (2017). Exercise To Prevent Falls In Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Innovation in Aging, 1(Suppl_1), 268-268. doi:10.1093/geroni/igx004.982

Sims, S., Leamy, M., Davies, N., Schnitzler, K., Levenson, R., Mayer, F., . . . Harris, R. (2018). Realist synthesis of intentional rounding in hospital wards: Exploring the evidence of what works, for whom, in what circumstances and why. BMJ Quality & Safety, 27(9), 743-757. Retrieved from: 10.1136/bmjqs-2017-006757

Tricco, A. C., Thomas, S. M., Veroniki, A. A., Hamid, J. S., Cogo, E., Strifler, L., . . . Straus, S. E. (2017). Comparisons of Interventions for Preventing Falls in Older Adults. Jama, 318(17), 11687. Retrieved from: 10.1001/jama.2017.15006

Walters, B. C. (2018). Commentary: Writing a Clinical Research Question. Neurosurgery, 84(1), 17-18.