NanoRobots for Cancer Treatment: Inhibition of Progression - Annotated Bibliography

Thesis Statement: Would cancer-fighting nanorobot be the most useful cancer therapeutics for all the patients who have cancer, rather than existing treatments?

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Sharma, A., Kumar, P., & Ambasta, R. K. (2020). Cancer-Fighting SiRNA-RRM2 loaded nanorobots. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology. DOI:10.2174/2211738508666200128120142

This article identifies the critical and related gene that, when silenced, may inhibit the progression of cancer. In the article, Sharma, Kumar, and Ambasta (2020) present an overview concerning the function of RRM2 loaded in the nanorobots in cancer therapy. As a cancer therapy, the nanoparticles are useful as a result of their particular characters such as less toxicity and cell membrane penetration capacity. Through different examinations, this research develops that the RRM2 is increased in various types of cancer and been identified as a predictive and prognostic marker of the condition. The article is valuable since it offers different kinds of nanorobotics used in cancer therapy. It outlines that knockdown of the RRM2 is likely to result in apoptosis through Bcl2 in cancer. Also, the RRM1 and RRM2 help in the regulation of protein and E2F gene expression critical in cancer therapy. Within this study, the article will be applicable as it illuminates the different types of SiRNA meant for cancer therapy, which is another reason for choosing this source.

Devasena, U., Brindha, P., & Thiruchelvi, R. (2018). A review of DNA nanobots-a new technique for cancer treatment. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, 11(6), 61-64. DOI:10.22159/ajpcr. 2018.v11i6.25015

This review on DNA nanobots emphasizes the various ways through which cancer-treating nanobot is a new technique for cancer treatment. Since chemotherapy and radiation therapy given to cancer patients are causing major side effects, the DNA nanorobots are a potential cancer therapy since it is much safer. Nanorobots consists of a single DNA strand in desired shapes and have two sets (on and off). In the off position, the DNA nanorobots bypass healthy cells without damaging them while in an on position, the clamshell opens and exposes the cancerous cells to the medicine to kill cancer cells. As valuable information, the article provides that the nanorobots collaborate with medicine and are programmed to execute specific biological development. When nanorobots are injected into the bloodstream, they work on cancer cells and other infected cells. Devasena, Brindha, and Thiruchelvi's (2018) review is essential in this study and chose it since it provides details concerning the application of DNA nanorobots in cancer therapy. It will be used to explain how bots eliminate cancer cells without damaging healthy cells.

Da Silva Luz, G. V., Barros, K. V. G., de Araujo, F. V. C., da Silva, G. B., da Silva, P. A. F., Condori, R. C. I., & Mattos, L. (2016). Nanorobotics in drug delivery systems for treatment of cancer: a review. J Mat Sci Eng A, 6, 167-180. DOI: 10.17265/2161-6213/2016.5-6.005

This article examines the different approaches that have been employed in cancer therapy using nanorobots. Through the assistance of molecular biology, molecular medicine, and biotechnology, the nanobots can be entirely sufficient in terms of cancer therapy. Today, nanobots are becoming an eminence future in cancer therapy and drug delivery technology in cancer since the disease has been amongst the leading causes of death. According to the results of the study, the nanobots can be applied to aid solve problems on energy conversion by using catalytic nanomotors. In the synthesis of nanomotors, they are capable of moving at speed about 600 body lengths in a second. This article is valuable to the study as it provides details concerning how nanorobots can transport and distribute anti-cancer drugs to the cancerous cells without damaging the healthy cells and the benefits of this therapeutic method compared to other therapies such as chemotherapy.

Martel, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2016). Switching between magneto tactic and aerotactic displacement controls to enhance the efficacy of MC-1 magneto-aerotactic bacteria as cancer-fighting nanorobots. Micromachines, 7(6), 97. DOI:10.3390/mi7060097

In this article, Martel and Mohammadi (2016) not only show how the magnitudes of magnetic fields can be used in cancer therapy but how the results could aid in the determination of a future in line with medical and technological constraints. It is outright that the delivery of drug molecules to cancer tumors can yield positive therapeutic results. As such, the cancer-fighting nanobots would need integration with ore directional propelling constructs to help in the therapy. However, the sensory-based, directionally controlled, and self-propelled agents in the Magnetotactic Bacteria (MTB) form of the MC-1 strain are considered efficient nanobots in cancer treatment. Through this article it offers knowledge on a specific setup of nanorobots that could help in cancer therapy hence valuable, a major reason for choosing it. Also, the article will be used in the study to highlight the ways that nanobots function and can be developed to enhance cancer therapy.

Tyagi, N., Arora, S., Deshmukh, S. K., Singh, S., Marimuthu, S., & Singh, A. P. (2016). Exploiting nanotechnology for the development of microRNA-based cancer therapeutics. Journal of biomedical nanotechnology, 12(1), 28-42. DOI:10.1166/jbn.2016.2172

This review provides a summary of the significance of microRNAs-based therapeutics in cancer that is involved with translational challenges and nano-technology-aided delivery system. MicroRNA signifies a class of non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of a gene. According to the study, microRNAs control most of the biological functions in that their aberrant expression could result in diseases such as cancer. Based on the function of the microRNAs and cancer expression, the microRNA-based therapeutic techniques can help either in restoring or inhibiting microRNA function through inhibit delivery. The article is valuable and significant in this study since it highlights how nanotechnology-based systems such as nanobots are being developed to ensure delivery efficacy. Further, the source will be used to provide insights on how nanotechnology-based systems hold potential for the future of cancer treatment.

Rosenblum, D., Joshi, N., Tao, W., Karp, J. M., & Peer, D. (2018). Progress and challenges towards targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics. Nature communications, 9(1), 1-12. DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-03705-y

This report summarizes the principled about targeted delivery approaches to evaluate the potential reason for the limited treatment success, particularly in successful tumor targeting. The targeted delivery techniques for cancer treatment are on the rise over the past few years. In comparison to successful clinical studies, only fifteen passively targeted nanocarriers have attained approval for application in a clinical setup, while none of the actively targeted nanocarriers advanced past clinical trials. For improved efficacy in therapy, various carries such as microparticles, liposomes, hydrogels, and nanobots have been developed for the delivery of therapeutics. As such, this article is significant to the study as it highlights the different ways for the development of effective tumor targeting of the cancer cells to enhance treatment. Through this source, it strengths the study since it provides vital information on the administration of therapeutics in tumor treatment.

References

Da Silva Luz, G. V., Barros, K. V. G., de Araujo, F. V. C., da Silva, G. B., da Silva, P. A. F., Condori, R. C. I., & Mattos, L. (2016). Nanorobotics in drug delivery systems for treatment of cancer: a review. J Mat Sci Eng A, 6, 167-180. DOI: 10.17265/2161-6213/2016.5-6.005

Devasena, U., Brindha, P., & Thiruchelvi, R. (2018). A review of DNA nanobots-a new technique for cancer treatment. Asian J Pharm Clin Res, 11(6), 61-64. DOI:10.22159/ajpcr. 2018.v11i6.25015

Martel, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2016). Switching between magneto tactic and aerotactic displacement controls to enhance the efficacy of MC-1 magneto-aerotactic bacteria as cancer-fighting nanorobots. Micromachines, 7(6), 97. DOI:10.3390/mi7060097

Rosenblum, D., Joshi, N., Tao, W., Karp, J. M., & Peer, D. (2018). Progress and challenges towards targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics. Nature communications, 9(1), 1-12. DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-03705-y

Sharma, A., Kumar, P., & Ambasta, R. K. (2020). Cancer-Fighting SiRNA-RRM2 loaded nanorobots. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology. DOI:10.2174/2211738508666200128120142

Tyagi, N., Arora, S., Deshmukh, S. K., Singh, S., Marimuthu, S., & Singh, A. P. (2016). Exploiting nanotechnology for the development of microRNA-based cancer therapeutics. Journal of biomedical nanotechnology, 12(1), 28-42. DOI:10.1166/jbn.2016.2172