Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - Annotated Bibliography

C. difficile: From the Bench to Bedside. (2017). Retrieved 27 March 2020, from http://file:///C:/Users/Faith%20Embile/Downloads/Fecal%20microbiota%20transplantation%20in%20immunocompromised%20patients%20and%20its%20clinical%20and%20economical%20evaluation%20in%20large%20community%20hospitals.pdf

Is your time best spent reading someone else’s essay? Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER!

Save 25%

Clostridium Difficile Infection is a typical caurse for bacterial diarrhoea, particularly in patients with immune system problems. Therefore, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation has been demonstrated to be a viable treatment for recalcitrant and repetitive Clostridium Difficile Infection. The results for the Fecal Microbiota Transplantation treatment for repetitive CDI have been all around portrayed in grown-up populaces. Nevertheless, the information for patients with immunocompromised and particularly among kids are restricted. Data was gathered for sick persons aged 21 years in the kids' section that had previously received FMT for treatment of severe, refractory and recurrent CDI. ImmunoCompromised patients incorporated the ones with strong organ transplantation accepting immunosuppressive drugs. Segment and clinical information were gathered with also results, including goals of looseness of the bowels, CDI backslide, and antagonistic occasions inside three months after FMT. Additionally, thirty-seven paediatrics of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation were performed for intermittent, headstrong, or potentially serious CDI between the years 2012 and 2017. From the 37, immunocompromised children were 12. In addition, 50% of the patients experienced results of diarrhoea inside the 1st week after FMT, and 67% were Clostridium difficile negative inside three months after FMT. Fortunately, none had CDI backslide inside three months after FMT. However, 25% of the patients had unfavourable events inside three months after FMT and the 2 of who had SAEs. Therefore, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation has been seen to be reasonable and effective for treating repetitive CDI in patients with immunocompromised. However, to exactly determine the efficacy and safety of the specialized populace a greater multicenter education is required

Woodworth, M. H., Carpentieri, C., Sitchenko, K. L., & Kraft, C. S. (2017). Challenges in fecal donor selection and screening for fecal microbiota transplantation: a review. Gut microbes, 8(3), 225-237.

The study implies that the past few years have experienced an improved understanding of the contents and functions of the microbiota among humans. This is mainly attributed to advances in bioinformatics approaches and genetic sequence techniques which have improved our mindsets to question the relationship between the generic composition of the microbiota and human health. This implies that clinical trial and basic science should be incorporated to limit risks and improve benefits as more people learn more about the subject. The negative aspects of the infection can be severe as research suggests that the United States is burdened by more than 400,000 infection and close to 30,000 deaths, people who may have contributed to the growth of the economy. Clostridium difficile also has a high rate of recurrence, which is another setback for the patient. Thus, the author suggests that fecal microbiota transplantation can generally be described as an inexpensive and effective medication for Clostridium difficile infection. However, screening and fecal donor selection should be revised periodically. The article therefore looks into the current recommendations for screening and selection of fecal donors. Even though the practice of using a human stool to treat infections started more than 1500 years ago, the benefits of fecal microbiota transplantation have only begun to be realized in the contemporary world. Additionally, there have been very few clinical trials to pass the information on optimal donor selection. Therefore the authors recommend that health institutions should consider clinical healthcare exposure, cardiovascular causes, and diabetes mellitus as the exclusion criteria in the meantime before more research is done on the relationship between these conditions. As such, collaborations between regulatory agencies, industries, laboratory scientists and clinicians can be effective in the enhancement of donor selection and screening.

Liubakka, A., & Vaughn, B. P. (2016). Clostridium difficile infection and fecal microbiota transplant. AACN advanced critical care, 27(3), 324-337.

According to the article, Clostridium difficile infection is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, especially on hospitalized patients. Even though most patients respond well to clinical therapies, its recurrence tendencies are still a major setback. Regarding the severity of the infection, the article implies that identifying the signs and symptoms of Clostridium difficile infection is important for early intervention and medication. Its symptoms range from fulminant colitis complications to mild diarrhea and abdominal pain. As identified in the researches, the major risk factor for the disease is antibiotic use. In severe cases, the use of antibiotics can result in dysbiosis. Other risk factors include old age, residence in long term care facilities and healthcare exposure. Conclusively, gastric acid suppression seems to be the main course due to the loss of weakening of the protective mechanism. Additionally, people who have an impaired immune response are also more in danger. The study also evaluates the nursing implications putting forward the impact it has had on nursing care and patients.

Tariq, R., Pardi, D. S., Tosh, P. K., Walker, R. C., Razonable, R. R., & Khanna, S. (2017). Fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection reduces recurrent urinary tract infection frequency. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 65(10), 1745-1747.

According to Tariq Et al. (2017), repetitive urinary tract infection is the most regular bacterial contaminations, particularly in old individuals. Urinary tract infections present incessant administration challenges that include anti-toxin decision. Following compound opposition designs with each contamination. In addition, it is assessed that Urinary tract infection represents almost seven million office visitations and one million crisis room visits with 100,000 hospitalizations for every year and cost one billion dollars yearly. On the other hand, Clostridium difficile disease is the most well-known nosocomial disease and has been related to noteworthy dreariness and mortality. Besides, the most widely recognized hazard factor for repetitive CDI is continuous expansive range fundamental anti-infection presentation used to treat contaminations like repetitive UTIs. These anti-microbial disturb the gut microbiota and lead to repetitive CDI as well as encourage the development of multidrug-safe life forms in the gut. Therefore, organisms are likely the significant pathogens liable for repetitive UTIs, particularly in patients who have abundant loose bowels due to CDI.

Culliton, K. (2019). Brownsville Primed For Gentrification, New Map Shows. Retrieved 25 March 2020, from https://patch.com/new-york/brownsville/brownsville-primed-gentrification-new-map-shows

Faecal microbiota transplantation has risen as a successful treatment for intermittent CDI by reestablishing the ordinary gut microbiota. Curiously, there might be extra advantages from FMT, notwithstanding the results of CDI. An ongoing report shows that FMT for intermittent CDI annihilated vancomycin-safe enterococci colonization in 73% of VRE positive patients. The FMT would lessen the recurrence of repetitive UTIs from anti-infection safe creatures by decolonization of MDROs from the gut. The institutional audit board affirmed this examination, and receipt of educated patient assent was checked. Techniques Understanding Selection, reflectively distinguished patients with at least 3 UTIs in the year going before FMT. UTI was characterized as the nearness of urinary indications and urinary bacterial societies. Qualification criteria for FMT included third or on the other hand, more prominent CDI scene demonstrated by a positive C. difficile polymerase chain response stool measure within sight of looseness of the bowels. Giver stools were acquired in the wake of getting a broad clinical history and research center assessment. Point by point incorporation and rejection criteria for benefactors in our program have been recently distributed. A benchmark group of patients with three CDI scenes dealt with anti-infection agents and at least three UTIs the year preceding the third CDI scene was likewise included.

D'Haens1, G., & Jobin, C. (2019). REVIEWS IN BASIC AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY. Retrieved 27 March 2020

The article suggest that Clostridium difficile disease is a typical reason for both network and clinic procured looseness of the bowels typically happening after the presentation to anti-infection agents. A typical issue with CDI is the recurrence of backsliding with up to 40% of patients having at any rate one recurrence. Multiple backslides can happen in a few patients, making fix troublesome. The diminished weakness of metronidazole has been progressively recognized. In cases with various recurred scenes, delayed decreasing courses of vancomycin have been utilized with some success. However, there are over the top expensive, and also, a few patients will keep on backsliding in spite of this treatment. It is speculated that the crucial factor dependable for the advancement of CDI is the disturbance of the ordinary entrails greenery. Hence, the rebuilding of ordinary vegetation might be a successful treatment option. In 1958 Eiseman first utilized organization of human excrement to fix these people where no different medications had sturdy success. The treatment alluded to as faecal bacteria therapy has been moderate to be acknowledged in North America, with more prominent usage in Europe. It has been given by nasogastric tube, high volume bowel purges, and by colonoscopy. Faecal bacteria therapy has numerous focal points, including ease, nonattendance of reactions, no medication opposition issues, and a high achievement rate in little case series. Moreover, to empower safe home faecal transplantations, have been prompting patients and their families through the procedure and giving research centre testing as required.

Mattila, E., Uusitalo-Seppala, R., Wuorela, M., Lehtola, L., Nurmi, H., Ristikankare, M., ... & Anttila, V. J. (2012). Fecal transplantation, through colonoscopy, is effective therapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Gastroenterology, 142(3), 490-496.

The article endeavours to evaluate the efficacy of fecal transplantation in cases of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. The methodology of the research entailed an evaluation of 70 patients with the disorder who had undergone fecal transplantation. The operation was performed by infusing fresh donor feces into the cecum. The results of the study implied that within the first 12 weeks after the procedure, symptoms resolved in all the patients who did not have the infection. More than 80 percent of the patients who had the infection experienced a positive response. Fortunately, no immediate complication of the procedure was observed. The only limitation of the research is that it was a review of patients who had undergone the operation which raises the possibility of missing out on patients who might have experienced unfavorable outcomes.

Tariq, R., Pardi, D., & Tosh, P. (2017). Faecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection Reduces Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Frequency. Retrieved 27 March 2020, from

Following the end of the Human Genome Venture in 2003,...