Exploring Diabetes: A Global Health Crisis - Research Paper Example

Introduction

This paper tends to explore an explanation of a specific health-related matter, disease, or even procedures. In doing so, my focus was on emerging viruses or diseases since it was one experimental option that was to be explained in the class. In this case, I choose diabetes as my area of focus, where I narrowed down to latent autoimmune diabetes commonly found in adults. Diabetes is a healthcare matter which has affected millions of people across the world. Generally, diabetes is categorized into two, namely, type 2 diabetes, and type 1. However, another type of diabetes is known as latent autoimmune diabetes, which is found in adults. This type of diabetes is a slowly progressing form of autoimmune disorder. The cause of these disorders is when the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin. According to previous literature, in a country like America, at least thirty million people have diabetes, where ninety percent of them have been diagnosed with type 2 condition. Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic condition caused by the accumulation of sugar in the blood (Matyka 2011). The research has established that the severity of type 2 diabetes varies from one person to another. Individuals who are prone to the disease are the adults who are forty years and above. However, this is not always the case since even young people are also vulnerable and, hence, get the sick, mostly attributed by a genetic condition.

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Main Cause

The main cause of latent autoimmune diabetes condition can be environmental or genetic. The genetic factors are associated with impaired insulin secretion and the body cell's resistance to insulin. In this condition, the sugar that is supposed to be consumed by the body and is later converted to fat and later increases the chances of a person being diagnosed with latent autoimmune diabetes diabetes (Gutiérrez Serrano and Fundación 2010). Some patients, especially the young, are likely to be diagnosed with ketoacidosis at the disorder's primary manifestation. However, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) occurs in 10% of people above 35 years, and 25% of those below among the entire adults who has been diagnosed with phenotypic diabetes. All these patients share multiple hereditary and immunological resemblances with type 1 disorder suggesting that latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, which is related to type 1 diabetes, is an autoimmune condition.

Past research has demonstrated that patients who suffer latent autoimmune diabetes have several islet antibodies developing a β-cell failure after five years (Codario 2005). Although, in a few adults, a residual may hold that it is minimal to save an adult who has been suffering from ketoacidosis for several years. This implies that ketoacidosis is an extended-time period disorder associated with latent autoimmune diabetes, especially when the patient develops a dependence on insulin. Some of the early symptoms associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults include feeling tired all the time, especially after taking meals and feeling hungry after taking meals (Mishra, Grant, Devoto, Voight, Wells, and Rich 2019). Another symptom that is associated with this condition is foggy-headedness, irritability, as well as adjustments. This means that on the progression of latent autoimmune diabetes, the body's ability to produce insulin decreases, which may result in more typical symptoms similar to type 2 diabetes. Some of these symptoms include prescient and blurred imaginative.

Rapid Increase

Due to the rapid increase of latent autoimmune diabetes, there is a need to find suitable ways to mitigate this disorder. In doing so, the administration tasks are necessary to create campaigns where the people are educated on ways to deal with the condition. Also, the executive can keep assessing the individual to check their progress regarding the management of the disease (Codario 2005). Finally, it can support the family because a lot of amount goes to the treatment of diabetes. The intervention activities assessment will be happening every month. The secondary data of all this information will be collected in less than six months, and evaluation has taken place. The concept is important in the process of planning, the principles, and the community organizing theories, for example, the social cognitive theory. The precursors discussed in this paper can be applied in the proper evaluation and an assessment of the secondary data collected.

Therefore, it is vital to provide intervention in the affected areas for affected populations with the best appropriate practices for effective treatment and management of these conditions. Behavioral and educational interventions are vital for the management and treatment of the condition. Many systematic reviews, as well as meta-analyses and, have established that enhanced health results with self-management support programs in latent autoimmune diabetes (Cazarim, Goncalves, Pereira and Baldoni 2018). While traditional programs for diabetes management were didactic models whose objective was fostering improvements in the knowledge of their illness, the recent models focus on the behavioral approaches that are intended at the provision of skills and strategies to the patients, which are needed for promoting and changing their behavior.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes is currently based on the three significant criteria. Among these criteria is the adult age at onset of the disorder. Additionally, the availability of circulating islet autoantibodies is the key criterion that is commonly used during the diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes. Finally, the lack of requirement for insulin in adults for six months after diagnosis is another factor. It is established that the islet autoantibodies are used in the production of the beta cells in adults, which distinguishes between type 2 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes.

On the other hand, after diagnosis, insulin independence is the key distinction between type 1 and latent autoimmune diabetes. Arbitrary, past studies have established that the minimum age cut-off for latent autoimmune diabetes differs from the age of 25 to 40 years (Mishra et al. 2019). Various theories are present which provide philosophical foundations for behavioral change. The empowerment or patient-centered method proposes that the patients are at the center of behavior change. Therefore, a patient should carry out diabetes self-care and be acquiescent to the proposed changes, and the individual should be motivated to embrace change. Therefore, the providers who are giving out diabetes care are encouraged to foster patient autonomy by supporting the patients' efforts in changing their behavior and information.

Lack of data accuracy caused by input bias, limitations on scalability, and technology illiteracy in low-income populations are barriers to be considered when carrying out behavioral interventions on diabetes. Such barriers are manifested in patient engagement hence limiting provider productivity. Training the health professionals on using comprehensive MAP models of behavioral change effectively ensures consultations are patient-centered, action-focused, and empowering. Moreover, including specified BCT in self-management interventions of diabetes has proved to be beneficial. A systematic review concerning the effectiveness of MI in diabetes showed a positive impact of MI on diabetes control (HbA1c) and lifestyle behavior across conditions (Matyka 2011). The potential collaborators for behavioral interventions' success are the adult population who are 18 years and above, meta-analyses Randomized controlled trials, and reporting outcomes of glycemic control.

Due to the complexity of the disease, no specific treatment guidelines have been developed for this type of diabetes (Gutiérrez, Serrano and Fundación 2010). The treatment of the disease is objective to provide metabolic control and prevent continuous complications that are likely to happen in the future. The critical work by the doctors is to prevent themselves from missing a latent autoimmune diabetes analysis. After doctors have analyzed the LADA, they are required to administer insulin to a patient who has been diagnosed with the disease. Insulin treatment is essential to all LADA patients who have a loss of pancreatic beta cells. Nonetheless, steady information that comes from clinical trials outlines the importance of early initiation of insulin therapy in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults regardless of the available endogenous insulin secretions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this paper has tried to explain a specific health-related matter, disease, or procedure. I decided to focus was on emerging viruses or diseases since it was one of the experimental options that were to be explained in the class. In doing so, I choose diabetes as my area of focus, where I narrowed down to latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Diabetes is a healthcare matter which has affected millions of people across the world. Diabetes is broadly categorized into two, namely type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, and latent autoimmune diabetes. However, this paper focused on latent autoimmune diabetes since it is the most dominant condition in adults. Among the implementations, activities that can be put in place to mitigate this condition include counseling and physical activity.

References

Cazarim M. Goncalves O. Pereira L. and Baldoni A. O. 2018. Economic Evaluations in Health from the Perspective of the Costs Associated with Diabetes Mellitus Treatment. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.

Codario RA. 2005. Type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome: The primary care guide to diagnosis and management. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press.

Gutiérrez, F. J. A., Serrano, R. M., & Fundación, L. 2010. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Barcelona [etc.: Elsevier.

Matyka KA. 2011. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children. Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 1838-1848. doi:10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.1430

Mishra R. Grant S. Devoto M. Voight B. Wells A., and Rich, S. 2019. Genetic insights into latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. University of Pennsylvania.

Walkey H. 2018. Characterizing new-onset type 1 diabetes and supporting type 1 diabetes research. BMC, 1-3. doi:10.1186/isrctn66496918