Evidence-Based Practice and the Spradley's and the Lewin's Theories of Change

Section One

BP Evidence-based practice is a core competence in improving the quality of healthcare. It is concerned with gathering information on the impact of healthcare to the patients, data on the medical fraternity, the medical regulators, and everyone who is associated with healthcare. Nurses and practitioners are therefore required to understand the healthcare system in full so that they can identify the loopholes associated with healthcare delivery from their onset. This enables them to make adequate preparations in relation to the loopholes while fronting a desirable approach to the healthcare system (Nilsen, 2015). Therefore, EBP models have been developed to facilitate in identifying firsthand information regarding the quality of health care provided by an institution and the medical fraternity at large.

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Planning and implementing EBP requires a critical understanding of the healthcare system at the local level. Local patients and medical practitioners are the two basic entities involved in actual treatment and offering of medical help to patients and their communities. Therefore, there is the need to engage patients at the local level to understand and identify the fundamental problems they face (Buck & Labardee, 2017). This enhances critique of the system with a touch of reality and offers recommendations that can introduce a long-lasting change to various parties such as patients and nurses.

Additionally, having an understanding of the health system at the local level is entirely different from learning the system at the top level in the case of EBP planning and execution. The top levels are highly theoretical and should not be excluded while performing at the local level. Besides, information at the local level exists as primary information and is rarely altered hence it can be used dependably for EBP planning and implementation (Buck & Labardee, 2017). Therefore, the comprehension of the health system at the local level is inevitable particularly when the EBP is not entirely an evidence-based EBP.

Section Two

The Spradley's and the Lewin's theories of change in nursing are applicable in the considered environment. The Spradley's theory of change first recognizes the symptoms and then diagnoses the problem. It then comes up with solutions, selects the best solutions to plan the change and then implement it. On the other hand, Lewin's theory of change consists of three distinct vital stages. The first stage is unfreezing, the second phase is moving to the new change or else the movement, and the last step is refreezing (Rousseau & Gunia, 2016). Additionally, the first stage involves finding a method of changing the approaches used by the old system in an organization while the second stage now encompasses changing the thoughts and behaviors of the concerned individuals such as employees. Conversely, the last stage involves establishing the new methods as the standard operating procedure to prevent returning to the old approach used in an organization.

My mentor has made use if the Lewin's change theory in planning for the PICOT statement concerning the question of fatigue among nurses. He initially employed an approach which involved identifying the issues which causes patient fatigue and how a new method could be applied in such cases. Secondly, changing the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of the nurses imminently come in whereby the necessary methods of dealing with fatigue are identified (Lenhart, 2017). Thus, standardizing the new approaches in a way that nurses do not resume to the previous approaches used in the system is the last resolution which qualifies as an application of Lewin's theory of change. The results of the approach definitely will ensure that the changes are instrumentally effected giving a lasting solution to the problem.

Conclusion

Nurse fatigue and medical eras have a significant correlation. Understanding the root and local concepts of the healthcare system that gives a rise to nurse's burnout is therefore necessary. The Spradley's Change Theory and the Lewin's Change theory are two theories that seem most applicable. However, the best applicable change theory should be the one that addresses the bodily, spiritual and mental stability of the nurses in unison. The multifactorial approach used by my mentor nonetheless involves changing the perspectives of nurses and redirecting their way of addressing fatigue in different stages such that they cannot revert to their earlier approaches which proves that the Lewin's change theory stands out as the best in addressing such issues.

References

Buck, J. S., & Labardee, R. M. (2017). Creating a Culture of Evidence-Based Practice: A Journey From Vision to Outcomes. Retrieved from; https://www.nursingrepository.org/handle/10755/621418

Lenhart, N. K. (2017). Nursing Leadership Influence on Evidence-Based Practice Culture and Integration. Retrieved from; https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4600&context=dissertations

Nilsen, P. (2015). Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks. Implementation Science, 10(1), 53. Retrieved from; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4406164/

Rousseau, D. M., & Gunia, B. C. (2016). Evidence-based practice: the psychology of EBP implementation. Annual Review of Psychology, 67, 667-692. Retrieved from; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26361048