Efficacy of External Cold and Vibration of the BUZZY System on Pain Reduction During IV Insertion

Introduction

BUZZY is a new and cheap device used to distract the attention of children during IV insertion and reduce the discomfort perception. Children are often terrified of the pain incurred by needle pricks that result in serious illness, nervousness hence adversely affecting both the patient and the parent. The objective of the of the article is to examine the level of pain using the BUZZY for children during an IV insertion, evaluate the aspects that significantly contribute to pain perception among children and measure the required period for an effective IV insertion. The study applied a random control trial (RCT) where 4-12 year children. A pain rating scale was used where children, parents, and nurses recorded pain levels that were evaluated and compared. It was established that BUZZY considerably reduced pain levels while successful IV insertion did not differ among intervention and control groups. The results of the study recommend the disruption technique using BUZZY effectively lowers levels of pain in children as compared to the control group.

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Problem Statement and Significance to Nursing Practice

Pain perception among children is complex because often children go through a medical procedure that requires the application of needle, which is a well-thought-out source of pain in children. The pain significantly causes stress and anxiety in children, parents, and nurses that further complicates any medical procedure. Research indicates that children who undergo significant procedures have enhanced pain sensitivity and needle phobia coupled with extended periods of traumatic memories that might extend to adulthood.

Decreasing the negative perception of painful procedures in children is essential to conduct successful procedures through sufficient management is critical in nursing practice. It is necessary that nurses adopt non-pharmacological methods to reduce the effect of procedural pain hence improving the approach to ease the pain in a medical environment. It is a significant ethical obligation in access to medical procedures to make needle pricks as pain-free as possible. Therefore, the efficacy of cheap equipment to reduce needle procedure pain is vital to children healthcare provision.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study was to measure the efficacy of external cold and vibration of the BUZZY system on pain reduction during IV insertion (Moadad et al., 2016). The study focused on children between the age of 4 to 12 to examine and compare the perception of both nurses and parents in conducting a successful IV insertion between two groups, using BUZZY and without BUZZY. The secondary purpose focused on the level of satisfaction of nurses and parents concerning the use of Buzzy device and their future willingness to use it.

Research Method Used

The study design used was a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) that assessed the efficacy of BUZZY on the level of pain and nervousness in children during an IV insertion procedure. The study involved 48 children between 4-12 years from the American University Medical Centre who required an IV insertion. Children along with their parents recorded the level of pain during and after the injection on a Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, that indicates a series of faces from a happy face (0) to a crying face (10) (Moadad et al., 2016). The first image represents no hurt while the last represents worst hurt, based on the model that the child and parent select; it shows the level of pain.

Applications to Practice and How to Incorporate Into Practice.

The American Society for Pain Management Nursing commends that ideal pain control provision is essential prior and during any painful medical procedure (Valeri, Holsti & Linhares, 2015). Poorly managed painful procedures can damage the nurse-patient relationship, while knowledge of non-pharmacologic techniques that are cheaper and efficient can improve patient care and satisfaction. It is vital to building trust with the family and the child to reduce long-term impact related to future therapeutic involvements. The application of external cold and vibration stimulation to ease pain used to minimize procedural anxiety among children.

It is essential to involve parents of children during IV insertion procedure that empowers them to feel confident of the process that in turn empowers the child to improve their confidence in medical procedures. Family-centered care and collaborating with caregivers are critical elements of the quality of care provided.

Future Studies

Further research should include the analysis of both male and female and age variations to comprehend the influence of these variables on pain perception better. Nonetheless, there are differences across different cultures concerning gender responses to pain tolerance (Nafiu et al., 2013). Further research should ascertain the form of distraction that is more effective based on gender considerations. Moreover, new research should document the extent of nervousness related to needle pricks. Further, research regarding the impact of the destruction technique about previous diagnoses although prior findings established the past painful experiences lead to increased pain anxiety during future procedures.

References

Moadad, N., Kozman, K., Shahine, R., Ohanian, S., & Badr, L. K. (2016). Distraction Using the BUZZY for Children During an IV Insertion. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 31(1), 64-72. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2015.07.010

Nafiu, O. O., Shanks, A., Abdo, S., Taylor, r E., & Tremper, T. T. (2013). Association of high body mass index in children with new post-tonsillectomy pain. International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 77,256-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.11.012.

Valeri, B. O., Holsti, L., & Linhares, M. B. (2015). Neonatal pain and developmental outcomes in children born preterm: A systematic review. Clinical Journal of Pain, 31, 355-362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0000000000000114.