Article Analysis Essay on Theory of Human Becoming

Introduction

This paper provides an analysis and the critique of the published nursing theory by Rosemarie Rizzo Parse. The analysis is based purely on Parse's publication of the theory, the "Theory of Human Becoming." The model used to analyze this theory is the Chinn and Kramer Model. Notably, both Chinn and Kramer developed this model in 1983 and adopted a two-step process to evaluate theories. These steps include the theory description and critical reflection. Ideally, the description of the theory here integrates the purpose concepts and definitions relationship, the structure as well as the assumptions associated with a given theory (Chinn & Kramer, 2011). On the other hand, the critical reflection provides an analysis of the purpose of the theory through the utilization of some questions.

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Description of the Theory

Purpose

Parse's Human Becoming Theory is one of the most crucial theories in the field of nursing. It was developed by Rosemarie Rizzo Parse in 1981. Notably, the Parse's Human Becoming Theory guides the nursing practice so as it can focus on the quality of life as it is described and lived. Fundamentally, this theory offers an alternative to both the bio-medical and bio-psycho-social-spiritual approaches of most other theories and models of nursing. It is important to know that Parse's Theory of Human Becoming is a grand-nursing theory. This is based on the fact that it has the broadest scope and therefore presents the general concepts as well as the prepositions (Keeley & Grier, 2005). Undeniably, the Human becoming theory at this level illustrates the more significant insights useful for the practice. The Human Becoming Theory is different from the traditional nursing theory because it does not fix the problem. Ideally, observation of the health from the patient's point of view allows the nurses to be the advocates for the patients' wellbeing and thus can guide them to the desired outcome. Acceptably, the relationship between the patients and nurses promotes a change and transformation in the health patterns.

Concepts and Definitions

The framework of the theory is established around three major recurring principles which include rhythmicity, transcendence, and meaning. The theory of the notion that individuals can generate meaning of their lives through the creation of their realities with unique self-expression and living their values in a preferred way. The Rhythmicity offers a presentation in every individual thus enabling them to create their patterns in terms of the way they would like to live and relate to their surrounding environment. The Transcendence refers to a continually evolving and transformation of people and themselves.

Regarding the theory, Parse believes that the nurses have responsibilities of helping the patients uncover the meaning of their lives, to harmonize rhythm and facilitating the transcendence. Through the theory, therefore, a purse can explore the meaning of human experiences such as suffering, courage, hope, grieving, and everyday life. The theory, therefore, plays an integral role in addressing human dignity as well as the models of family structure, mentoring, leading-following, and watching-learning.

Relationship and Structure

In her theory, Parse perceives a man as a combination of the biological, psychological and sociological and spiritual factors. The Human Becoming Theory is tremendously consistent with the principles of the simultaneity paradigm. This principle is based on the fact that Parse specified that her theory is derived from Roger's (1970) theory. According to Parse (1992), becoming human theory offers a vivid reflection of the unity of the construct man-living health. However, there are no references to particular aspects of the humans being as unitary beings who mutually interact through a rhythmical pattern of the environment. Undeniably, these features guide the becoming human theory and demonstrate that it fits within the simultaneity paradigm (Tapp, Lavoie & Vonarx, 2016). As part of its structure, therefore, becoming human theory places more emphasis regarding how the individuals choose and bear the responsibility for the patterns of personal health (Sitzman, 2017). For example, the nurse cannot instruct a client who smokes to cease smoking because they (nurses) are the authority figure and experts in matters to do with health as well as the decision-maker. However, the primary responsibility of the nurse is to help him, or she choose the possibilities for changing the health process for an appropriate lifestyle. Therefore, Human Becoming Theory provides a transformative approach to all levels of nursing.

Assumptions

Human Becoming Theory makes various assumptions regarding man and becoming. These are in addition to the three significant assumptions about becoming. Firstly, the theory assumes that human is a coexistent while co-contributing rhythmical patterns with the universe. Secondly, the theory notes that the human is open, and is free to choose the meaning in a given situation in addition to bearing the responsibility for the decisions made. Furthermore, the theory assumes that human is transcending multidimensionality with the possibles. Regarding becoming, the theory assumes that the former is unitary with human-living-health, rhythmically constituting the human universe process, becoming is the human patterns of relating value priorities and finally, it is a human emerging (Tapp, Lavoie & Vonarx, 2016). About nursing, therefore, these assumptions provide insights regarding how the theory can define a person. The theory defines man like an open being who demonstrates considerable differences from the sum of the parts. Thus, practicing nurses must, therefore, be ready to express advocacy of the patient's wellbeing and ensuring that the clients can benefit from their roles as both experts and decision-makers within the field.

Critical Reflections

The critical reflections, in this case, concern various spectra of the Human Becoming Theory. These aspects include the clarity, simplicity, generalizability, accessibility and the importance of the theory to the general nursing theory. A closer look at the Human Becoming will reveal a greater extent to which it (theory) integrates various ideas related to nursing (Keeley & Grier, 2005). Parses Theory promotes the patient as the primary decision-maker within the healthcare nurses. The theory is therefore clear to mention that nurses must give the patients choices on what they think their bodies can take to promote health (Parse, 1992). For instance, when the patient has asthma, the becoming human theory will provide a roadmap for the prescription and after that let the patient believe that taking such prescription plays a significant role in healing the disease. Additionally, it gives the patient the opportunity to think about what will work best for him regarding the available and possible treatment options. As such, the theory will have focused on human dignity, freedom, and man-living health to human becoming.

Every day is a new experience for a practicing nurse. According to Sitzman (2017), nurses may encounter various patients with the same kind of illnesses and the same complaint. However, nurses must remember that these patients have entirely different experiences, which can affect their perception of diseases. This is why becoming human theory suggests the use of different approaches to each other. The patient-nurse relationship will, therefore, blossom a consideration that patients have control of their lives are taken into account.

References

Chinn, P. and Kramer, M. (2011): Integrated Theory and Knowledge Development in Nursing. 8th Edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis.

Keeley, A. C., & Grier, E. C. (2005). Professional resilience, practice longevity, and Parse's theory for baccalaureate education. Journal of Nursing Education, 44(12), 548.

Parse, R. R. (1992). Human becoming: Parse's theory of nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5(1), 35-42.

Sitzman, K. (2017). Understanding the work of nurse theorists: A creative beginning.

Tapp, D., Lavoie, M., & Vonarx, N. (2016). Theory-based practice as plural interpretations: A case of the integration of the Human becoming theory in a palliative care setting. Quality Advancement in Nursing Education-Avancees en formation infirmiere, 2(2), 4.