Tuberculosis Outbreak Essay

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacteria that affect the normal functioning of the lungs (Mukati, 2017). Mycobacterium Tuberculosis bacteria is spread through the air to other people through spitting, sneezing, and uncovered coughing. Tuberculosis spread occurs when a person inhales the tuberculosis bacteria through the air or when an infected person shares cigarettes and fluids with uninfected persons.

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Active tuberculosis easily multiplies in the body and spread to other people while latent tuberculosis does not quickly multiply and spread to other people (Mukati, 2017). However, latent tuberculosis multiplies in people with diseases such as HIV that lower immune system of a person. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis bacterial is resistant to medical treatment. The 1991 Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis outbreak spread because the bacteria are resistant to treatment and there was a movement of people in and out of the twenty-foot thick concrete wall. However, the virulent spread of tuberculosis can be managed using quarantine method. Quarantine focus on reducing the movement of people in and out of the infected areas (Hemvani, 2015). Quarantine minimizes the spread of bacteria and contains the infection in a particular area as treatment occurs.

The local and state health agencies can control the spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis by optimizing the management of the disease and care (Nathanson, 2014). Diagnosed patients with MDR should undergo a successful treatment with first-line anti-tuberculosis and follow-up treatment with second-line drug treatment to reduce the development, effects and spread of the disease. Moreover, MDR can be managed by ensuring the health agents receive proper care, precautions, and early diagnosis to prevent the spread of the disease to the uninfected people in the community.

Conclusion

In conclusion, advanced laboratories should be set up in infected facilities such as prisons to detect tuberculosis early, treat and control MDR tuberculosis spread with current effective medication. Community members should be restricted to use self-treatment anti-tuberculosis medication before diagnosis that will reduce the preference of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Finally, health agencies should provide quality drugs that will treat latent tuberculosis before tuberculosis become active and multidrug-resistant to reduce the spread of the virus in the community.

References

Hemvani, N. (2015). Study on MIC of linezolid on MDR and XDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Journal of Patient Safety & Infection Control.

Mukati, S. (2017). A study of clinical profile of cases of MDR-TB and evaluation of challenges faced in initiation of second line Anti tuberculosis treatment for MDR-TB cases admitted in drug resistance tuberculosis center. Tuberculosis.

Nathanson, E. (2014). MDR Tuberculosis. Critical Steps for Prevention and Control of MDR Tuberculosis.