The Prevalence of Comorbid Depression in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Paper Example

Introduction

Depression is a prevalent condition in patients with diabetes type II. The observation shows that people who have diabetes type II are at a higher risk of getting comorbidity than those who do not have it. Comorbid depression is associated with social phobia, anxiety disorder, and mood swings in the diabetic patients.

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Research questions

The research aims at determining the relationship between diabetes type II and comorbidity. The research questions will be as follows:

• What is the relationship between diabetes type II and comorbidity?
• What are the conditions that increase the prevalence of comorbidity in diabetes type II patients?
• What is the relationship between comorbid depression in adults with type II diabetes and lifestyle?

The research is aimed at analyzing the factors that can show a relationship between the two. Diabetes and depression are some of the leading causes of mortality in the world (Naicker et al. 2017). Despite this observation, the relationship between the two is not understood in full. Most of the research results done in the past show that most of the patients who suffer from one of the conditions suffer from the other. The dependent variable is the prevalence of comorbid depression in adults with type 2 diabetes and the independent variables are lack of exercise, diet, and poor sleep. A high rate of depression and age have an impact on the prevalence of diabetes type II in people (Semenkovich, Brown, Svrakic, & Lustman, 2015). The research aimed at collecting adequate data about the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables.

Data collection

Data was collected by the use of questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The target population was a mixture of young and old people from the local hospitals, who totaled 150 people. Half of them were aged fifty years and above, a quarter was aged below twenty-five years and the remaining group was aged between twenty-five and fifty years. Data from hospital records, interviews with patients and doctors and analysis of the data were used to come up with a conclusion about the relationship between the variables. Random sampling was used to choose the samples and 38% of them were female. The data collected included the number of people who get comorbid depression and have diabetes type II at the same time is those who have a poor living style which involves inadequate sleep and exercise and poor diets.

Data analysis

The data was analyzed using random effect meta-analysis and multivariate analysis which shows that people at an old age, who have frequent depressing moments and who have diabetes type II are at a higher risk of having comorbid depression.

Results

The results of the research showed that there is a close relationship between comorbid depression and the lifestyle issues like exercise diet and exercise. About 57% of the patients indicated that they have a poor diet, exercise and do not sleep for long enough. The assumption in the research was that all patients who have diabetes type II can determine the difference in their mood swings between the time they get diagnosed and the time before it.

Discussion

All data collected showed that there is a relationship between the mood swings in patients with diabetes type II and the way they live. According to Badescu et al. (2016), different stages of diabetes require different treatments for the comorbidity. Different environmental factors accelerate the possibility of having comorbidity depression in these patients and these include the food they eat, how they spend their free time and the relationship they have with others. A similar study in China showed that anxiety and depression are prevalent in people with diabetes type II and they are related to the way the patients live (Sun et al., 2016). Comorbid depression can be seen in patients regardless of their age. Most of the data showed that patients reduced their physical exercises with the view that they were sick and they also changed their diet drastically. The feeling of insecurity and weakness led to social phobia, low self-esteem, mood swings and poor dietary decisions.

Conclusion

Comorbid depression is common in patients with diabetes type II and can lead to an early death. Previous research has shown a close relationship between comorbid depression and diabetes mellitus but the factors that lead to the relationship have not been explained. The research has focused on the reason why patients suffering from diabetes type II have depression. The trend observed in the population that was observed indicates that patients gain more depression and stress due to a change in their lifestyle. Some of the patients included in the research are were aged above fifty years and their situation was worse than that of the ones aged twenty-five and below. Most of the elderly people get stressed more easily and they are at a risk of fearing more for their future as compared to the younger ones. Future research should be based on how the medication used in diabetes type II could contribute to the high level of anxiety and depression in the patients.

References

Badescu, S. V., Tataru, C., Kobylinska, L., Georgescu, E. L., Zahiu, D. M., Zagrean, A. M., & Zagrean, L. (2016). The association between diabetes mellitus and depression. Journal of medicine and life, 9(2), 120.

Naicker, K., Johnson, J. A., Skogen, J. C., Manuel, D., Overland, S., Sivertsen, B., & Colman, I. (2017). Type 2 diabetes and comorbid symptoms of depression and anxiety: longitudinal associations with mortality risk. Diabetes care, dc162018.

Semenkovich, K., Brown, M. E., Svrakic, D. M., & Lustman, P. J. (2015). Depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence, impact, and treatment. Drugs, 75(6), 577-587.

Sun, N., Lou, P., Shang, Y., Zhang, P., Wang, J., Chang, G., & Shi, C. (2016). Prevalence and determinants of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adults with type 2 diabetes in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 6(8), e012540.