Research Paper Sample on Snow Tires

Paper Type:  Research paper
Pages:  5
Wordcount:  1241 Words
Date:  2024-01-10

Introduction

Snow tires were first developed in 1978 when drivers started having anxieties driving during the winter season. Driving during winter also caused a lot of accidents which needed a permanent solution. Snow tires offer greater grip, flexibility, easy breaking, and excellent navigation compared to regular tires—snow tires need to be fixed during winter and removed after winter to increase their life-span. Careers associated with the manufacturing of snow tires include automotive engineering and marketing.

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First Law

The first law to be enacted that required snow tires in the world were initiated in Finland in 1978. The first snow tire to be manufactured in the world was called ‘Kelirengas,’ and it was manufactured by Suomen Gummitehdas Osakeyhtio in 1934 [1]. Suomen used to work for the Nokian company. However, during this year, the snow tires were explicitly designed for lorries because the name horse transport was being taken over by motor vehicles. Snow tires kept on developing as the roads were in poor conditions, and hence people had to invent snow tires during the winter period. In 1936, a more enhanced snow tire was manufactured, and it was called Hakkapeliitta, which rendered a significant grip under winter conditions, and it was also used during summer [1]. The snow tires were completely advanced as winter conditions approached.

In the early 1950s, several other tire manufacturers quickly started manufacturing snow tires of various versions. They, however, followed the trend after the Nokian company introduced the idea. For instance, in 1965, the Goodyear company manufactured a more developed snow tire with a studded model [1]. The studded snow tires became more useful as they helped drivers manage their vehicles in various conditions, whether winter or other seasons. As time moved, snow tires became better and better with improved quality and grip. Funding from various companies such as Toyo Tires enabled more advanced snow tires to the market. In 1972, Michelin Tires introduced a modern snow tire that incorporates several beneficial features compared to the previous tires [1]. The company acquired the latest technology to produce such tires that are still in demand up to date. The tire design includes changeable width recesses in the tread, resulting in more outstanding grip in the snow and ice.

General Description

Driving during winter creates excellent anxiety among drivers, and every winter, the initial snowfall causes many road tragedies. Drivers face several challenges during winter, such as difficulties in navigating through slippery and snow-covered roads. Various driving skills are required to avoid accidents during the winter season. Snow tires offer the solution to driving during winter months and on roads covered by snow or ice. Snow tires are also referred to as winter tires [2]. They are, however, commonly regarded as winter tires because driving in winter poses different challenges that are met by the tires that may or not involve snow. These tires are designed for winter periods where drivers can safely drive at temperatures below seven 0C. Other snow tires have metal and ceramic studs that project from the tire to increase grip on hard-packed snow. Studs erode dry pavement, resulting in dust and generating wear in the wheel path. Policies that require snow tires differ by country in Europe and Asia and by the state in the United States of America [2].

Snow tires offer a wide range of advantages compared to regular tires during the winter season. The snow tires are designed with unique features that permit them to perform significantly excellent compared to all-seasoned tires.

Offer Extraordinary Traction

Different tread forms and shapes permit them to push snow outward, preventing now accumulation. While some drivers claim four-wheel drive or all-wheel is relevant to survive during winter, snow tires are still better in performance and are a cheaper alternative compared to regular tires [2].

Flexibility

Extreme cold temperatures cause the tread rubber on regular tires to stiffen, reducing their ability to grip the road. Snow tires are more flexible hence permitting more grip on winter compared to other regular tires.

Hydroplaning

Hydroplaning is also called aquaplaning, and it is a threatening driving condition that happens when snow or water causes the car’s tires to lose track with the road surface. This condition is a jolting sign that the driver has lost all the available friction. Snow tires reduce the risks of hydroplaning in a very significant way.

These tires may, however, be available for a short period since many companies do not manufacture them all through the year. Snow tires are durable, and many last for about seven to eight years when properly maintained. A great set of snow tires can cost up to $ 900 and may cost more when incorporated with their rims. Snow tires need to be stored in a dry and cool place to increase durability. Storing the snow tires in a shed or average temperature may wear off because of high humidity and hot conditions.

Physics

Snow tires have greater natural rubber content that provides them a softer design. The interaction between the rubber content of the tire and the road changes as temperature increases. This hence affects the traction of the tire. Snow tires are specially designed compound assures versatility, even below six 0C while regular tires harden during low temperatures [3]. Snow tires perform better on the snow due to the deeper grooves to dig more in the snow and increase the grip between the road and the tires. The coefficient of friction of rubber tires on wet snow can be estimated to range from 0.4 to 0.7. One can easily realize how snow tires work better by permitting the vehicle to stop at a shorter distance using various coefficient frictions. Scientists have divided friction into rotational and translational friction [4]

Environmental Impact

Snore tires are 100% recyclable; hence they are environmental-friendly. The superb quality of the snow tires easily reintegrates into the manufacturing process, which significantly benefits the environment as fewer resources are used to manufacture these tires. Such recycled products perform better than traditional materials [5]. The global impacts of recycling reduce waste products and promote the cleanliness of the environment. Snow tires have also reduced the use of highly aromatic oils in manufacturing the tires, reducing pollution.

Snow tires have saved enabled drivers to save a lot since the tires are relatively cheaper compares to regular tires. Furthermore, these tires have helped reduce maintenance costs caused by regular tires' damage during the winter seasons [6].

Conclusion

The future goal of snow tires is producing more effective tires that would offer more traction, flexibility, braking, steering and less costly. This can be achieved by using softer materials and conducting more research on manufacturing more tires while minimizing the manufacturing time.

References

[1]Y. W. Nakajima, "Application of computational mechanics to tire design—yesterday, today, and tomorrow." Tire Science and Technology, 2011

[2]H. Lee, Jonah "Calibration and validation of a tire–snow interaction model." Journal of Terramechanics, 2013

[3]O. Hjort, Mattias, Eriksson, and Fredrik Bruzelius. "Comprehensive study of the performance of winter tires on ice, snow, and asphalt roads: the influence of tire type and wear." Tire Science And Technology, 2017

[4]E., T. Kamegawa, and Y. Nakajima. "Prediction of snow/tire interaction using explicit FEM and FVM." Tire Science and Technology, 2003

[5]U. Sandberg, et al. "Road surface influence on tire/road rolling resistance." Swedish Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden, accessed Sept 2018.

[6]V. Hrefna Run, et al. "A review of environmental impacts of winter road maintenance." Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2019.

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Research Paper Sample on Snow Tires. (2024, Jan 10). Retrieved from https://proessays.net/essays/research-paper-sample-on-snow-tires

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