Research Paper on Mesotherapy

What is Polydeoxyribonucleotide?

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a polymer consisting of deoxyribonucleotide monomers. A nucleotide is a monomer building block found in DNA or RNA and Deoxyribonucleotide is a nucleotide built from deoxyribose sugars. Deoxyribose is a compound molecule deriving from ribose sugars whose hydroxyl components have reduced to hydrogen and is a well-known constituent of DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid (Soyfer & Potaman, 1996, 1-3). PDRN is, therefore, a compound resulting from the union of numerous molecules deriving from deoxyribose sugars such as those found in DNA and RNA.

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PDRN is useful for mesotherapy processes because it can stimulate wound recovery through angiogenesis enhancement and boost rates of growth in fibroblasts. The healing process for mesotherapy patients tends to be faster when PDRN is in use as opposed to other ingredients. It is thus appropriate in facial procedures where wholesome appearance is as much the target as fat loss or healing. Compared to other medications when employed in a mesotherapy context, PDRN produces significant tissue improvement and consistency throughout the treatment period. PDRN was first deployed as a tissue repairing compound in Italy after approval at the drug regulators who found its effectiveness to be thorough. Korea also approved PDRN in 2008 due to its special ability to accelerate recovery after skin grafts. Furthermore, PDRN is a thorough stimulant in the vascular endothelial factors, enabling a significant boost to blood supply especially among patients suffering low blood and iron supply due to a variety of conditions such as sickle cell anemia, etc.

Why it is Use for Mesotherapy?

Mesotherapy is a cosmetic treatment involving multiple injections of medications, enzymes, plant extracts, hormones, etc into the mesoderm layer of the skin to revitalize and tighten it by stimulating cellulite and fat loss. Mesotherapy practitioners use it to help patients with weight loss, pain relief, and hair loss among other treatments. Injection contents vary depending on the required remedy, targeted treatment area and the patient's condition or medical history. Application of anesthetic creams on the targeted area make mesotherapy relatively painless, however, sedation is unnecessary because the scarring is minimal and recovery, faster. Mesotherapy patients can walk out of the clinic shortly after the treatment.

Originating in France, the treatment is considered effective in the US, though a majority of doctors prefer the conventional cosmetic surgery techniques, especially for facial and liposuction procedures. French doctor Michel Pistor pioneered the technique with the intention of treating vascular diseases, injuries and infections with the working theory that small amounts of medicine injected into the mesoderm layer would melt the stored fat and improve overall health (Prendergast & Shiffman, 2011, 248). Critics point out that mesotherapy hasn't received the rigorous and conventional scrutiny that other treatment methods undergo to receive acceptance and approval. Mesotherapy hasn't undergone clinical trials for the treatment of cosmetic conditions but researchers have examined its efficacy in providing pain relief for a condition such as dental operations, cancer, tendonitis, etc. In the US the FDA has maintained a noncommittal stance on the therapy because regulation of injections and their contents falls under the medical boards of states who consider it merely a procedure for treatment.

PDRN not only improves blood supply and wound healing due to multiple injections, it enables a patient to quickly recover from a procedure without undergoing intense pain as would be the case if another ingredient was in use.

Why Is It Good for Facial Rejuvenation?

Unlike liposuction, mesotherapy is good for facial rejuvenation because of its painlessness and the lack of scarring. The use of local anesthesia and shallow penetration of injection needles causes little damage or harm to patients, enabling them to get the same benefits as liposuction through a cheaper, less intrusive and faster process. The number of sessions required for various facial mesotherapy procedures ranges from two to four and three to six-week intervals, depending on the type of treatment and the patient's condition and medical history (Serra-Renom & Serra-Mestre, 2016, 79).

PDRN is efficacious in facial rejuvenation because of the rapid recovery it stimulates among patients. This reduces the number of sessions they require to achieve their health goals and reduces the costs spent on the process (Pathomvanich & Imagawa, 2018, 84). Mesotherapy is also less risky compared to other procedures that treat the same problem e.g. liposuction aims at removing fat from certain areas of the body through the use of a surgical vacuum pump. However, the procedure involves deep cuts to the body, insertion of vacuum lines that suck out the fat and a painful recovery period that lasts several weeks after the procedure. Worse still, it is more expensive than other weight loss procedures including mesotherapy.

Facial mesotherapy also relies on specific ingredients that burn fat without jeopardizing health or damaging the skin. Some of these include Collagenase, an enzyme that dissolves connective tissues especially in cellulite; Glycolic Acid, a low concentration acid useful in skin exfoliation; Hyaluronic Acid which keeps the skin elastic and hydrated; multivitamins, which perform different functions depending on the type; Retinoic Acid, which stimulates the production of new skin cells that replace the old, among many others.

Research in What Country It Is Popular in Clinic

Mesotherapy is most popular in Europe, especially in France where it originated from and spread out to other countries in the region. The French have a thriving cosmetic surgery industry and this homemade treatment accords them easier procedures that involve less money, pain and recovery periods while providing the same benefits. Registered practitioners conducting mesotherapy procedures abound and specialists focusing on specific areas of the body are numerous across the country. The US is also a lead mesotherapy destination with flexible arrangements tailored for clients across this nation of 300+ million citizens. The regulations governing the sector are quite loose but the practitioners tend to be very professional, providing top-notch services that keep clients coming. An increasing number of cosmetic treatment clients are turning to mesotherapy due to its convenience, minimal disruption to health and relative availability (ISAPS, 2016). Brazil is also home to a thriving mesotherapy industry that adds on to the well-developed cosmetic surgery sector that has been operating in the country for decades. The country has some of the most progressive laws governing mesotherapy and keeps practitioners under strict regulation to minimize harm to patients. This hasn't deterred registration and practitioners abound who conduct procedures for local as well as continental clients visiting as medical tourists.

Japan in the Far East is also home to a thriving mesotherapy sector that not only provides employment to practitioners and services for a clients but also manufactures mesotherapy multiple needles, vials for ingredients and other accessories required in the treatment. Furthermore, Japan's ancient healing techniques and ingredients are informing modern mesotherapy approaches, enriching an already stellar treatment procedure with more valuable knowledge. The country's penchant for frugality is also a driving force behind Japanese clients' preference for the method, making it a perfect fit into the Japanese health psyche.

Conclusion

Finally, Mexico is also a popular mesotherapy destination, fitting into the beauty self-consciousness systems that abound in the huge Mexican movie and soap opera culture. Mexican marketing easily promotes cosmetic procedures and an attitude of aesthetic beauty in everything from dressing, speaking and singing to physical beauty. This has enabled the mesotherapy sector to sink deep roots in the country where all its facets such as affordability, convenience, minimal pain and intrusiveness fit into the majority of the population's expectations. In all these countries PDRN is an active ingredient among most mesotherapy practitioners.

References

Imagawa, K., & Pathomvanich, D. (2018). Practical Aspects of Hair Transplantation in Asians. Springer. Pg 84

ISAPS. (2016). Plastic Surgery Statistics. Retrieved 2018, from https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/plastic-surgery-statistics. The International Study On Aesthetic/Cosmetic Procedures Performed In 2016

Prendergast, P. M., & Shiffman, M. A. (2011). AESTHETIC MEDICINE: Art and techniques. S.l.: SPRINGER. Chapter 23, Pg 248

Serra-Renom, J. M., & Serra-Mestre, J. M. (2016). Atlas of minimally invasive facelift: Facial rejuvenation with volumetric lipofilling. Place of publication not identified: Springer. Chapter 15, Pg 79,

Sojfer, V. N., & Potaman, V. N. (1996). Triple helical nucleic acids. New York: Springer. The discovery of triple-stranded nucleic acids, pg 1-3