Research Paper on Bermuda Triangle

Introduction

Several conspiracy theories of the Bermuda Triangle try to explain how ships and planes have disappeared in the last few centuries. Over 50 ships and 20 planes have disappeared in the past few centuries, and there have been various theories that have tried to explain this. Although ships and planes have been disappearing most of them have done so under different circumstances, so the many theories try to explain all these conspiracies. All these theories explain the unusual circumstances that lead to this conspiracy in the Bermuda triangle. This paper will evaluate six theories to explain the Bermuda triangle conspiracy and what happened.

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The methane gas theory. According to scientists, large volumes of methane is trapped deep below the seafloor, and when it's released on water bodies, it reduces the water density leading to low buoyancy. The areas that ships were floating before becomes hard for them to float any more. This theory was formed in 1998 by Dr Ben Clennell of Leeds University England, (Clennell, 115). Due to landslides in the seafloor methane gas is produced in large quantities. The methane gas has two significant effects it reduces the water density at a very high rate that a moving ship can all over a sudden drop and vanish when the gas erupts. In another instance methane is highly flammable as such when released in those high volumes it can lead to fire outbreak that will crash ships and planes. In the floor of Bermuda triangle area, methane hydrates exist in a frozen state that is released in bits in the form of bubbles and as the gas continues to be released the bubbles grow in size and when a ship or a plane passes there the bubble bursts engulfing the ship and such its disappearance. Also in case of a plane when it comes across such a bubble, a blowout happens, and the plane crashes. There is not one specific ship disappearance that has been attributed to this although it is believed methane gas is a great contributor of this.

The human error theory. The Bermuda area has many islands that are similar, and this is a big challenge to the captains and also to the rescue time. The captain in most cases confuses the islands, and with this, they continue going interior to the sea instead of going to the land where they can land. As this happens, the captain goes dipper and wrong direction where they cannot get back to refuel. They take a long time to get back, and in most times they are not found, and they end up disappearing. The foul weather makes them hard to reach out for help as in most of these instances the weather changed from sunny to stormy. Technological issues can also be attributed to human error. A good example is the USS Cyclops ship that disappeared in March of 1918 (Cazeau et al., 180). The ship had a good number of passengers and 306 crew on board. The ship which left Rio de Janeiro to Baltimore but it never reached. The ship's internal navigation system and the compass malfunctioned, the weather changed to stormy then the ship ran out of fuel and then it vanished. When this was discovered thirteen people were sent to rescue the ship whereby they all vanished. In another instance, in 1963 the SS Marine Sulphur Queen, carrying 39 crews and sulfur vanished (Nickell, 6). After much investigation, it was concluded that the tanker was not inspected before taking off and also as there had been frequent fire outbreak due to sulfur was not considered.

The unusual seafloor theory. According to Sonar technology who have done an extensive study of the triangle floor it is evident that the floor is not uniform and there exists. At some points, the floor is gentle sloping and then a deep trench which makes the floor uneven. Some of the deepest parts of the world are found in this place. Scientists also believe that in Bermuda triangle there are craters and escarpments that were formed after the escape of methane gas that was formerly trapped in solid form as methane hydrates. These craters are very big regarding height and width so in case of a methane blowout, and the ship is affected then it's very possible that the ship will disappear with no trace and even in future it will not be traced as these craters are very deep. For ships to sail accordingly, they must follow an even floor and maintain the depth, but due to the uneven floor, the ships usually have to change its cause. Also when these ships vanish the rescue team find it difficult to trace them as such in most cases, they are not saved to this uneven floor, and the deep craters are underlying below the waters.

The Hexagonal clouds are forming Air Bombs theory. Cloud formation usually does not follow any given pattern, but above the Bermuda triangle, the clouds are formed in a hexagonal process which eventually form the air bombs that destroy planes and ships. Through the advanced technology of using radar to take images past the cloud, it shows that in these areas with the hexagonal cloud formation there is an increased wind speed of on average 100 miles per hour. This leads to high waves and tides that can crush aircraft that are on their way or overturn ships crossing this line. The speed will determine how severe the destruction. The straight edge hexagonal clouds form air bombs or bubbles that increases the wind speed to up to 170 miles per hour, this speed is very high about the speed ships move at. When these ships cross the line with the wind, it leads to very high destruction and overturning that bury the ship very deep in the ocean where it cannot be traced if it's whole because in most cases the wind destroys the planes and shapes and leaves only pieces. The wind speed forms the air bombs that are like high speed moving hurricanes that overturn or crash everything on their line. According to Adams, Mark. (300) the hexagonal cloud formation is rare and only happens where the wind speed is very high which forms the air bombs that are very destructive.

The Treacherous Underwater Reefs. In the Bermuda triangle many reefs lie in the deep water, and only a small percentage of the reef is visible. Even near the shore, there have been a significant number of ships that have been destroyed or completely vanished due to these reefs. The hulls of the ships are the first to be destroyed then the whole ship is wrecked, or water start entering that eventually leads to the capsizing and drowning of the ship. Technological advancement has worked in this as GPS can locate these reefs and captain can avoid them thus these dangers avoided. The constellation mass ship that left New York to Venezuela in 1943 but before arriving, they got caught in a storm (Johnston, 74). The ship got some water, and as the crew tried to draw all the water, the captain decided to pass through Bermuda and did not know the route very well and without the improvised technology they were not well vast with the reef on the Bermuda Triangle area. The ship hit a reef that destroyed it, and it sank to the floor or the ocean. Another instance was in the 1860s where Montana ship was to travel from England to America, but in Bermuda it became stormy, and since the cargo ship was heavy it was a big disaster to steer it in that condition, and in that process the ship hit a reef that destroyed it, and it ended in the seafloor.

Another conspiracy theory is that the Bermuda triangle does not exist and the disappearance of ships planes and individual is a planned scheme that pirates use. According to some critic, the disappearance of the ships in Bermuda is no different from any other area in oceans and other water bodies (Al-Khalili et al. 35). They believe that Bermuda has been given more attention than other shores and also the water guards have been reluctant to perform their duties and tasks thus the significant abductions and disappearance. The heavy duty cargo ship is the most to disappear, and as such to them the pirates have been using these for their benefits. Aliens are made to believe that there is something special about the Bermuda Triangle area but in the real sense there is nothing special and when the water guards perform their duties and the disappearance will be no more. This theory believes that there are the wormholes that are always open and in case of negligence from the captain or being an alien in Bermuda triangle leads the disappearance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it's evident that different ships and planes disappeared under different circumstances and also in different locations. All these theories are open to critics as the individuals have indicated what they believed transpired to the complete vanishing or disappearing of these ships and planes. All the above theories are still in formation as more evident they are gathering gives a better meaning. As such none of the theories that can be realized on completely as new evidence might mean the deductions of some beliefs and understanding that already exist. But one major thing that is evident the Bermuda Triangle is not like any other coasts and the disappearance cannot be because of piracy as all cost have them, but the rate of disappearance in Bermuda is very high. There is more that should be done, and more technology should be utilized to analyze these phenomena from the space and not necessarily doing it physically because this has led to the loss of more life and properties. As long as every theorist has supported their theory and can be proven, then we can have as many theories as they can be.

Work Cited

Adams, Mark. "Association of Pacific Coast Geographers Annual Meeting October 5-8, 2016 Portland, Oregon." Yearbook of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers 79 (2017): 278-343.

Al-Khalili, Jim. Black holes, wormholes and time machines. CRC Press, (2016): 32-43

Cazeau, Charles J., and Stuart D. Scott. "The Bermuda Triangle." Exploring the Unknown. Springer, Boston, MA, 1979. 171-186.

Clennell, M. Ben, Alan Judd, and Martin Hovland. "Movement and accumulation of methane in marine sediments: relation to gas hydrate systems." Natural Gas Hydrate. Springer, Dordrecht, 2000. 105-122.

Johnston, Andrew K., et al. Time and Navigation: The Untold Story of Getting from Here to There. Smithsonian Institution, 2015. 65-76

Nickell, Joe. "The Bermuda Triangle and the 'Hutchinson Effect.'." Skeptical Briefs (2007): 5-7.