Public Transport System Development

Social Factors

Many cities around the world have invested in the rail system to manage city congestion and create conducive transport systems in the cities. Manchester Metrolink rail service has formed an integral part of the UK public transport system by providing a significant backbone that has been supporting and catering to the growing needs, the developing regions neighboring the city (Great Britain 2005). In the long run, the system has linked all the major destinations and attractions and connected with bus and train services in the neighboring communities.

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Technological Factors

The local government's plan to provide a better technological public transport system has helped drive the rail development in Metrolink. Light rail has been supported by technological advancements like the booking platforms and better routes in the city that has realized a reduced travel time to areas that are directly serviced by light and heavy rail services.

Environmental Factors

The flexibility nature of light transport system enables it to operate in various environments. The required infrastructure to operate a light rail service has a smaller footprint as compared to the trains (Bethe et al. 2004). In this case, light rail can be integrated more flawlessly with the regular traffic and road users.

The system has been cost-effective for the surrounding environment and has offered an alternative to private car services and has helped in the protection of the current lifestyle values as the population increases. Greenhouse emissions emitted from the transport sector have increased than any other energy-using sector, and road traffic generates about 27 percent of the greenhouse gas emissions. The emissions and other pollutants from the transports have a significant impact on local air quality, the environment, and personal health. The light rail transport system has offered a solution to this by using less energy as compared to motor transport and has 3.6 times the average carrying capacity of a bus (Haywood 2009). Additionally, a modern light rail creates less pollution with approximately five times less the bus emission in every kilometer.

PESTE ANALYSIS

• Political Factors Government involvement
• Regulations set by national government in transport sector
• Economic Factors Changes in economic environment
• Social Factors Increase in population
• Lifestyle changes towards various modes of transport
• Technological Factors The impacts of technology on operations like the online booking
• Environmental Factors Shortage of the infrastructure capacity
• Emissions
• Tourism saturation

Bibliography

Beuthe, M., Himanen, V., Reggiani, A., & Zamparini, l. (2004). Transport developments and innovations in an evolving world. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24827-9.

Docherty, I., and Shaw, J. (2011). A New Deal for Transport the UK's struggle with the sustainable transport agenda. Hoboken, John Wiley & Sons.

Du, H. and Mulley, C., (2007). The short-term land value impacts of urban rail transit: Quantitative evidence from Sunderland, UK. Land Use Policy, 24(1), pp.223-233.

Evans, J. E. (2007). Traveler response to transportation system changes. Chapter 17, Chapter 17. Washington, D.C., Transportation Research Board.

Great Britain. (2005). Integrated transport, the future of light rail and modern trams in the United Kingdom: tenth report of session 2004-05. London, Stationery Office.

Haywood, R. (2009). Railways, urban development, and town planning in Britain, 1948-2008. Farnham, Ashgate. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=446444.

Knowles, R.D., (2006). Transport impacts of Greater Manchester's Metrolink light rail system. Journal of Transport Geography, 4(1), pp.1-14.

North, B. H. (2003). Modern railway transportation: Proceedings of the International Conference "Railways", organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers and held in London on 25-27 May 1993. London, Telford.

North, B. H. (2006). Light transit systems: proceedings of the Symposium on the Potential of Light Transit Systems in British Cities ... held in Nottingham on 14 - 15 March 1990. London, Telford.