Public Health Essay Example: Importance of Infection Control and Prevention

Disease aversion and control is needed to avert the transmission of transmittable illnesses in all human services settings (Evans, 2013). Contamination aversion and control request an essential comprehension of the study of disease transmission of illnesses; hazard figures that expand patient defenselessness to disease; and the practices, techniques, and medicines that might bring about diseases.

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In a number of health care settings, numerous sick individuals are cared or treated in restricted spaces (Evans, 2013). This implies there are numerous microorganisms present. Patients will come into contact with numerous individuals from staff that can conceivably spread the microorganisms and diseases between patients (Dietz et.al, 2015). A lot of waste contaminated with body substances and blood are taken care of and prepared in health care settings expanding the danger of disease.

These medicinal processes additionally expand the danger of disease:

Embeddings a tube into the body to deplete or convey liquids gives a conduit through which microorganisms can go in.

Surgery calls for skin-cutting, one of the body's most vital protections against contamination

The over-utilization of anti-infection agents has brought about the advancement of some medication safe microorganisms that are difficult to destroy.

Controlling the spread of contaminations in a medicinal services office is, in this manner, essential.

Challenges and support that I confront

Work stress can come from a number of sources (Dietz et.al, 2015). However, the ones I confront comes from

Lack of collegial support and heavy workload.

Sometimes some of my colleagues are very difficult. Sometimes I face criticism, harassment, discrimination, racism and bullying and racism

Making mistakes

Other times the challenges I face revolve around dealing with a complaint.

Mistakes

Assumptions about health workers ignore the fact that our profession is just like anybody elses. , health workers can commit errors. Not all slip-ups hurt anybody, but rather even the possibility of a "close miss" can shake one's certainty. Once, there was a patient who was affected. I advised him to contact his medical defense organization, so as to make the needed notification and seek advice on how to best address the situation.

Recommendations

It is common for anyone to feel that he or she has to protect him or herself.

In my health care setting, I have always asked patients to seek resolution where possible before they see a complaint become a formal grievance. I once asked a patient to seek advice and support. Distress that arises in a medico-legal issue might have lifelong impacts on both the healthcare worker and his/her family.

Journal 2

Dengue disease

Dengue is an intense infectious illness that comes in two different structures: dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue. The main symptoms of dengue are a severe headache, high fever, spinal pain, joint agonies, sickness and spewing, rash and eye pain. In general, more kids have a milder sickness than more established grown-ups and youngsters (Guzman, Alvarez & Halstead, 2013).

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a more serious type of dengue. It is portrayed by a fever that endures from two to seven days, with manifestations and general signs that could happen with numerous different diseases (e.g., headache, vomiting, nausea and abdominal pain). This stage is trailed by hemorrhagic signs, propensity to wound effortlessly or different sorts of skin hemorrhages, draining nose or gums, and perhaps inside dying. The littlest veins (vessels) turn out to be unreasonably penetrable ("defective"), permitting the liquid segment to escape from the veins (Guzman, Alvarez & Halstead, 2013). This may prompt to the disappointment of the circulatory framework and stun, trailed by death if circulatory disappointment is not amended. In spite of the fact that the normal case-casualty rate is around 5 percent, with a great therapeutic administration, mortality can be under 1 percent.

Dengue is transmitted to individuals by the nibble of an Aedes mosquito which has dengue infection. The mosquito gets to be distinctly contaminated with dengue infection when it nibbles a man who has dengue or DHF and after about seven days can transmit the infection while gnawing a solid individual. Monkeys may fill in as a supply in a few sections of Africa and Asia. Dengue can't be spread straightforwardly from individual to individual.

Vulnerability to dengue is all inclusive. Occupants of or guests to tropical urban zones and different regions where dengue is endemic are at most noteworthy danger of getting to be distinctly tainted. While a man who survives an episode of dengue brought about by one serotype creates deep-rooted invulnerability to that serotype, there is no cross-security against the three different serotypes (Guzman, Alvarez & Halstead, 2013).

Reducing the danger of getting dengue

There exists no antibody to prevent dengue (Gubler, et.al, 2014). The apt preventive measures for inhabitants living in zones invaded with Aedes aegypti is to wipe out the spots where the mosquito lay eggs, basically synthetic compartments that store water. Things that gather water or are utilized to store water ought to be secured or appropriately disposed of. Animal and pet watering compartments and vases with new blossoms ought to be exhausted and scored at any rate once every week (Gubler, et.al, 2014). This will kill the mosquito eggs and hatchlings and lessen the quantity of mosquitoes available in these zones.

For explorers to territories with dengue, and also individuals living in zones with dengue, the danger of being nibbled by mosquitoes inside is lessened by use of aerating and cooling or windows and entryways that are screened. Appropriate utilization of mosquito anti-agents that contain 20 percent to 30 percent DEET as the dynamic fixing on uncovered skin and apparel diminishes the danger of being nibbled by mosquitoes (Guzman, Alvarez & Halstead, 2013). The danger of dengue contamination for global explorers has all the earmarks of being little unless a scourge is in advance.

Reservoirs: human beings and maybe monkeys

Portals of exit: the human mostly through a mosquito bite

Modes of transmission: indirect spread to human beings by mosquito vector

Portals of entry: through skin to blood through a mosquito bite

Factors in host susceptibility: apart from for survivors of dengue illness who are resistant to subsequent infection from the similar serotype, vulnerability is general.

Journal 3

Healthcare Infections

An infection may be as a result of many factors, one being poor hygiene. There are some health care facilities whose hygiene is too poor. The cleaning is maybe done once per week, the care providers do not wear any protective materials, there are no safe disposal sites and materials; there is limited water supply to enhance cleanliness. As a result, the contamination level is very high thus facilitating easy transmission of the virus and other infection-causing microorganisms (Loveday et.al, 2014).

The other cause is low-quality facilities in the healthcare such as old and obsolete hospital machines and poor quality treatment offered may result in most diseases not completely healed and thus easily transferrable to the health clients visiting or the health care attendants. Other factors include infection from the outside environment, contaminated equipment, bed linens or the infected air due to poor ventilation (Loveday et.al, 2014).

One of the risk factors that make a client susceptible to an infection is through physical contact with an infected patient. It could be a relative or a care attendant with an infected skin or with an open wound and through contamination, the healthy client is infected. Another risk is through the contaminated hospital water, air or the hospital bed linens. When a client walks in seeking for medical help or to visit a sick friend and drinks the hospital water and breathe the infected air, there is a high possibility of him/her to contract the virus and getting infected.

The third risk is if the client has a low immune system and walks to a healthcare which is highly contaminated or contacts a patient who is infected. Such a client is likely to get infected since his/her antibodies are not strong to fight to protect the body against the infection (Agwu & Fairlie, 2013).

In order to manage the infection, the first step is to be aware and create awareness. The healthcare must be aware of an existing infection or must be alert on how infection occurs in such a setting so as to come up with the control measures. One of the measures taken to manage the infection is ensuring proper ventilation (Loveday et.al, 2014). Here the healthcare management must make sure that airflow in and out of the healthcare environment is continuous and of high quality (Schulte, West & Garman, 2015).

The other measure is maintaining a high-quality level of hygiene. The staff in charge of cleaning the hospital floors, patient rooms, the bed linens and the equipment should ensure that the cleaning is of high quality (Schulte, West & Garman, 2015). This will, as a result, get rid of any virus that may survive in a dirty environment. Those providing the care such as the doctors, nurses should also observe hygiene while with the patients in order to reduce the level of transmission.

Some of the strategies that can and have been used in hospitals to reduce the infection rate include isolation. This is whereby the patients infected or with wounds are in special rooms where they cannot infect the rest. They are put under keen observation while in those rooms until their wounds are treated and there is no virus that can be transmitted. Another strategy is to encourage washing of hands after every contamination in the hospital. The third strategy is to ensure the care attendants wear gloves when attending. This is because gloves provide protection from any contamination through the hands and also they reduce the likelihood of any microorganisms present in the hands of one person being transmitted to another.

Out of the many types of research carried out to investigate the causes of healthcare infection, what I learned is that most of the causes are internal i.e. it is due to the negligence of the hospital. As a result, I would recommend formulation of policies to act as the standard measure for a healthcare. These policies will ensure that the healthcare has the standard requirements in order to run such as high-quality ventilation systems, high-quality cleaning procedures and facilities, spacious rooms, corridors, and patient rooms so as to minimize the physical contact of the clients. Another recommendation is to ensure the healthcare has qualified personnel who can be able to treat or provide treatment in ways that reduce further transmission.

Journal 4

One of the major contributing factors that influence compliance to control measures is ignorance. Most healthcare providers are not aware of the already implemented policies or if they exist. If they are aware, most of them do not have any knowledge of how to implement them in their daily routine.

Another contributing factor is that after the national council implements these policies, they do not follow up to ensure that every healthcare adheres to them. Due to this negligence, these policies are assumed and end up being of no relevance.

The Health Information Quality Authority is an independent authority body that ensures high quality and safe care are offered and the procedures to achieve that followed (Aziz et.al, 2016). As a result, it is difficult for most healthcare facilities and staff not to comply with these prevention and control measures since the sole purpose o...