Paper Example on Use of Health Information Technology among Racial and Ethnic Underserved Communities

Introduction

According to Gibbons (2011), technology adoption among the healthcare providers serving the minaret groups is very poor. However, with the evolution and increasing appreciation the consumer health informatics (CHI) tools, there is clear indication that the use of electronic resources among the various minority groups and healthcare providers is improving. The social media has become mainstream and the perceived ease of use and the perceived usefulness of the social media in the healthcare system have proven that the social media can be used as a tool for social change.

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The model presented in the paper can be applied to online culturally diverse communities because According to Gibbons (2011) found out that there is creative business starts that have developed health-oriented social networks as well as health content aggregators and medical wellness application including other tools that enable the health-related vertical searches. It is clear that if this startup has successfully developed the health-oriented social network, they can create engagement oriented social network addresses specific cultural groups or communities. The social media such as YouTube, Twitter, flip videos and blogs can be used by the cultural groups and ethnic communities in Australia especially by the minority groups for engagement. Social identification refers to the processes by which one adopt the identity of the groups that they belong to and then ensure that they act in a manner that they believe is consistent with the groups. This finding is consistent with the argument of List, Warland, and Smith, (2015, pp.99-112) that the community members may also adapt their behaviours to behave within the norms of the online groups. As a result of an individual's identification with that group, one continues to develop the emotional significance to the identification and their self-esteem eventually depends on the group's identity (Ashley and Tuten, 2014).

The framework discussed by Gibbons (2011) can be applied to the online Islamic communities in Australia because the adoption of social media by the minority groups in American is higher that of the majority groups. Social media is becoming mainstream and can be the only platform where most of the Australian Islamic counties can be reached easily. Additionally, Health IT has exhibited greater potential to help in bridging the healthcare disparity. The fact that the users of social media create and exchange the user-generated content means that the social media engagement theory is founded on the co-creation theory (Di Gangi, & Wasko, 2016). On the other hand, An, Deng, Chao, and Bai, (2010, pp.574-590) reported that the social media engagement theory such that the concept of user engagement in that the social media is a platform that can facilitate social interaction among people of similar likes or regions (Bolt, 2017, pp.26-28). On the contrary, Brijnath, (2015, pp.660-667). and Chen and Chen, (2016) innovation can enhance public image development. Di Gangi, & Wasko, (2016, pp. 53-73). Han, S., Chae, C., Macko, P., Park, W. and Beyerlein, M. (2017). How virtual team leaders cope with creative challenges. European Journal of Training and Development, 41(3), pp.261-276. For example, people from one geographical location can find social media groups such as Facebook groups or Twitter groups where topics of mutual interest are discussed. Facebook is one such platform where social interaction is achieved across geographical devices and driven by the advancement in information technology.

Supporting a Shared Dialog on Healthcare Policy between Researchers, Practitioners, and the Lay Public: Creating the Speak Health Online Communities

Gurzick, Boot, Arnold, Gurzick (2011) reported that designing an online speak health community requires a wide range of online community management strategies. For example, the researchers reported that online community engagement strategies include recruitment strategies, moderations guidelines and technical orientation. Gurzick, Boot, Arnold, Gurzick (2011) proposed the use of dissemination model whereby local convergence is used to generate global convergences also argued that each online community must have a clearly defined purpose as well as strategies that would be used to effectively support each of the member's interaction. There should be community specific topics or agenda to be discussed in the online community. The researchers also argued that each community sustains the online social discourses on the healthcare.

The dissemination model can be used to online culturally diverse communities because the node and diagrams navigational structures provide a nonlinear exploration of a wide range of centre connected topics. The online culturally diverse community in Australia can adopt the dissemination model for effective social media engagement because it can host a wide rammed of directed conversation across the various cultural theme

The framework or model would be applicable to the online Islamic communities in Australia because all the new visitors and community members would first be introduced via a video, then they read the aims of the community as well as the methods of interaction within the site. The mass society theory, on the other hand, proposes that people who are socially isolated are vulnerable to extreme thoughts and appeals of the extremist's movement. The mass society theory supports the social media as an engagement strategy in that it provides the platform for discussion and eliminate social isolation. This way, the individuals would overcome the temptation to join extremists groups.

The main assumption that underlies the theory includes the assumption that the societies would be active in the social media platform and their use of the social media is goals oriented (Coetzee, 2016). Secondly, the theory is founding the assumption that the media is actively competing with the other resources in satisfying the need and finally, it assumes that the users have adequate self-awareness on their use of the social media, their interest as well as the motives and can provide the researcher with a clear pictures of the use. Social categorization is the processes by which the Muslim communities in Australia first categories others so that they understand and identify the people (Iwasaki, 2017). The first categories each other as either muslin or non-Muslim, extremists or not extremist, racist or not racists. By known the categories to which people belong, it can be easy to understand a lot of things about them as well as make assumptions about them (Hillen, and Levy, 2015, pp.785-798). On the other hand, Leung, and Wang, (2015, pp.1008-1025) stated that people can only define the right behaviours according to the groups that they belong because they do not want to appear queer (Mitts, 2017). The social dimension of online CoPs involves social individuals, human-based social network and human-based social culture (Zheng, Li, &, Zheng (2010). Online CoPs involve rich social context. However, one can belong to many groups at the same time but has to adapt his behaviors based on the group's expectations (Panagiotopoulos, 2012; Whitford and Addis, 2017).

Social Media, Digital Video and Health Promotion in a Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Australia

In the paper, O'mara (2016) proposes a critical theory. Critical theory is a school of thought that emphasizes the reflective assessment and critique of the community and culture through the application of knowledge. Through the digital video, the researchers argue that the videos can be a major information tool that can help bridge the health promotional in a culturally diverse Australia. The critical theory is applicable to the online culturally diverse groups because the new model proposes that the Muslim communities in Australia first categorize others so that they understand and identify the people. The first categories each other as either muslin or non-Muslim, extremists or not extremist, racist or not racists. By known the categories to which people belong, it can be easy to understand a lot of things about them as well as make assumptions about them. Those community members can only define the right behaviours according to the groups that they belong because they do not want to appear queer. The social dimension of online CoPs involves

Social individuals, human-based social network and human-based social culture. Online CoPs involve rich social context. However, one can belong to many groups at the same time but has to adapt his behaviours based on the group's expectations (Panayiotopoulos, 2012; Whitford and Addis, 2017).The frameworks can Abe applied to online Islamic communities in Australia because it is founded on the agreement that the social dynamics groups would adopt the identity of the groups that they belong to and then ensure that they act in a manner that they believe is consistent with the groups. This finding is consistent with the argument of List, Warland, and Smith, (2015, pp.99-112) that the community members may also adapt their behaviours to behave within the norms of the online groups. As a result of an individual's identification with that group, one continues to develop the emotional significance to the identification and their self-esteem eventually depends on the group's identity (Ashley and Tuten, 2014).

Deng, Chao and Bai (2010) argued that the theory can be used appropriately to demonstrate and understand the applicable strategies social media engagement in the context of culturally diverse communities. However, with respect to the implications of social influence culture, there is need to recognize the concept of diversity and culture in the occurrence of social interactions in a given social platform. Bolt (2017) added that the theory has been applied as a basis of the understanding of incorporation of various cultural perspectives among people of diverse characteristics. According to Robles (2014), this has been an ongoing concept which is facilitated by the various social media platforms where individual initially known to have different cultures meet (Brijnath, 2015). The individuals at some point will express their cultural practices through many different ways which may influence other groups to adopt the associated behaviours (Bertram, and Katti, 2013; Bode, 2017; Coetzee, 2016).

Context Analysis for Online Communities of Practice

According to Zheng, Li and Zheng (2010), there is the need for the contextual framework for the analysis of online communities, which should cover social, knowledge and technical grounds. Most online communities are based on peer interactions and sharing information between members who can be traced with a common characteristic and origin. On the same note, the authors showed that there is need to conduct thorough research on this area so that any form of interaction carried online would comfortably accommodate all members of an online community despite their social characteristics.

The model presented in the paper can be applied to online culturally diverse communities with reference to Zheng, Li and Zheng (2010) which provided that contextual framework can be applied as a proper interventional way through which people of different cultures can accommodate each other in a given platform based online. The model tends to investigate how cultural differences may be eliminated in an online community where people of differe...