Hands-Only CPR: A Life-Saving Emergency Technique - Essay Sample

Introduction

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that integrates the compressions of the chest with some artificial ventilation with the sole intention of manual preservation of the brain functions until some advanced measures are undertaken in restoring the breathing and spontaneous blood circulation especially in patients with cardiac arrest. Hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (HOCPR) is the CPR that does not involve the use of rescue breaths. Hands plus breathing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR, on the other hand, includes the use of rescue breaths. This paper presents evidence-based practice documentation on the effect of hands-only Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR on preventing mortality in community-based adults compared with hands plus breathing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR during their out-of-hospital stay.

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P (Population of Interest): community-dwelling elderly

I (Intervention of Interest): hands-only CPR

C (Comparison of Interest): hands plus CPR O

O (Outcome of Interest): Preventing mortality

T (Time): during their out of hospital stay

Picot Question: In community-dwelling elderly, what is the effect of hands-only Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR on preventing mortality compared with hands plus breathing Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR during their out-of-hospital stay?

Articles (level of evidence/evaluation of the strength of the evidence) Who Involved (sample size, sampling method, population) What Occurred (qualitative, quantitative) Where Completed (the type of agency, state, country) When (year research is done) Why (research question) How (data collection, the tool used with validity and reliability, statistical tests, qualitative control) Consistencies (how addresses the PICOT question, how alike with other studies reviewed) Gaps (how it does not address the PICOT question, what did the researchers state still needed to be studied)

Ahmed, S. M., Garg, R., Divatia, J. V., Rao, S. C., Mishra, B. B., Kalandoor, M. V., ... & Singh, B. (2017). Compression-only life support (COLS) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation by layperson outside the hospital. Indian journal of anesthesia, 61(11), 867

Meeting of all associations and societies in India with some stake in resuscitation was held, which informed the framing of the Consensus Indian Resuscitation Guidelines. Quantitative search into relevant literature on resuscitation India The research involved literature obtained from 2005 to 2017 To examine the various guidelines that have been put in place to address resuscitation in adults. The data was collected through a literature review involving search terms in Google scholar, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, as well as other relevant databases. The study was consistent with the PICOT question. It outlined the need for rescuers to be knowledgeable regarding the kind of CPR to adopt in helping the elderly who are likely to experience cardia arrest. The research does not focus solely on the community- based elderly, unlike the PICOT question.

Dobbie, F., MacKintosh, A. M., Clegg, G., Stirzaker, R., & Bauld, L. (2018). Attitudes towards bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Results from a cross-sectional general population survey. PloS one, 13(3).

The sample size was 1027 adults. Random household location quota sampling was adopted. The older a person was, the less the likelihood of feeling confident in the administration of bystander CPR with or without the instruction from any emergency call handler. The KANTAR Public UK conducted the Survey (Formerly known as the TNS-BMRB) -Scotland The research was conducted in 2017 Comparison of the effects of continuous chest compression CPR with the interrupted CPR plus rescue breathing provided by the rescuers. Randomized and quasi-randomized research in children and adult suffering from non-asphyxial out of the hospital cardiac arrest The topic correlates with the PICOT question since the nurses could assist the public regarding the preferred method of CPR to enhance the bystander's participation. The researchers indicated the need for further study on the influence of the social status on the confidence and willingness to undertake training in bystander CPR in improving the survival from cardiac arrest.

Zhan, L., Yang, L. J., Huang, Y., He, Q., & Liu, G. J. (2017). Continuous chest compression versus interrupted chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of nonasphyxial outofhospital cardiac arrest. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3 Sample Size for the study was 26,742. One cluster-RCT and three randomized RCTs with adults and children were conducted. The finding was that the bystander administered chest compression-only CPR increased the chances of survival compared to the chest compression CPR plus rescue breathing. The study involved a search of the MEDLINE (Ovid) (from 1985 to 2017), Embase (1985-2017), Web of Science (1985-2017)

The study was conducted in 2017 Assess the effects of continuous chest CPR compared to the conventional CPR plus in rescue for breathing during cardiac arrest The study adopted a quasi-randomized survey in children and adults suffering from non-asphyxia OHCA because of any cause. The study was inconsistent with the PICOT question since it involved assessing the effects of the continuous chest compression and the conventional CPR of the non-asphyxia OHCA The central gap in this study is that unlike in the PICOT question that mainly focused on the community-based adult population, it focuses on both the adult population the children who are likely to suffer from cardiac arrest.

References

Ahmed, S. M., Garg, R., Divatia, J. V., Rao, S. C., Mishra, B. B., Kalandoor, M. V., ... & Singh, B. (2017). Compression-only life support (COLS) for cardiopulmonary resuscitation by layperson outside the hospital. Indian journal of anesthesia, 61(11), 867. Retrieved from doi:10.4103/ija.IJA_636_17

Dobbie, F., MacKintosh, A. M., Clegg, G., Stirzaker, R., & Bauld, L. (2018). Attitudes towards bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Results from a cross-sectional general population survey. PloS one, 13(3). Retrieved from doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193391

Zhan, L., Yang, L. J., Huang, Y., He, Q., & Liu, G. J. (2017). Continuous chest compression versus interrupted chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of nonasphyxial outofhospital cardiac arrest. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3). Retrieved from doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010134.pub2