Essay Sample on Community Health Systems

Introduction

The Affordable Health care act is an inclusive health care reform law passed in March 2010 with the goal of making health insurance affordable and available to many. The ACA places a provision that hospitals conduct a community health assessment and adopt appropriate strategies to address health complexities in the community (HealthCare.Gov, n.d.). These community Assessment programs are useful in reducing the health premiums by ensuring that all health premiums that are collected by insurance companies are well disbursed on services that pertain to healthcare and improvement of quality (Rosenbaum, 2016). Penne et al. (2015) also highlight that the Affordable health care act assists in delivering free preventive services for services such as mammograms and colonoscopies without charging pay or insurance pay. The needs assessment also ensures that through the law there are preventive diseases and other illnesses, the role of nurses in this assessment program include showing the ways and people involved in improving maternal health. This process of screening together with developing interventions that make a significant impact on the organization is performed the community health improvement (CHI)Navigator (Stanojevich et al. 2016)

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Additionally, through The National Association of County Health Officials (NACCHO) programs, the health providers in this movement assist in the improvement of health in the local community by providing information on promoting the national policy, providing health equity and supporting effective local public health systems (Naccho.org, n.d). NACCHO also provides initiatives such as overall community health, Environmental health, and public health infrastructure. NACCHO worked in collaboration with the National Center for Environmental health and developed a protocol for Assessing Community Excellence in Environmental Health (PACE EH). PACE EH calls for attention on community collaboration and principles of environmental justice (NACCHO, 1996). Additionally, PACE EH works in the community in the identification of environmental health issues in the local. Targeting risk populations and setting action priorities (Astho, n.d.).

From the review of Epidemiological and Demographic data, I was able to learn about a new health reality to me called Incidence. Incidence is the number of people in a given population who develop a health or disease condition during a definite period (Anderson & McFarlane, 1996). Anderson and McFarlane (1996) describe in chapter three that the incidence rates measure the frequency at which people who do not have the disease contacts that disease within a particular period. This process can be simplified as the number of people in a population with new cases of the disease over the period. This rate can also be expressed mathematically as

Total Population at Risk

I also learned about the prevalence and that it has a special relationship with incidence. The Higher the incidence, the higher the prevalence. This means that the rate of prevalence decreases when there are a lower number of new cases developing which is otherwise termed as incidence.

Health intervention to address incidence cases depends on the type of disease or health condition that is affecting the community. Talking an example of Typhoid fever intervention will depend on the rate of incidence (Bray, 2014). Incidence, in this case, will be the number of people that are affected with Typhoid fever during the same period. Intervention to addressing incidence such as Typhoid fever outbreak, the community health providers should provide accurate, rapid diagnosis of the risk factor (Radhakrishnan et al. 2018). Also, they should identify, then treat chronic carriers. Finally, put safety regulations, and policy enforcement without abandoning the administration of vaccines as ways of intervention to reduce the rate of a disease incidence.

References

Anderson, E., & McFarlane, J. (1996). Community as partner. Editorial Lippincott.

Astho. (n.d.). Community Health Needs Assessments | State Public Health | ASTHO. Retrieved from http://www.astho.org/programs/access/community-health-needs-assessments/Bray, M., Adamson, B., & Mason, M. (2014). Different models, different emphases, different insights. In Comparative Education Research (pp. 417-436). Springer, Cham.

CDC. (2015, August 19). Community Health Improvement Navigator - CDC. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/chinav/index.htmlHealthCare.Gov. (2016, June 23). Key Features of the Affordable Healthcare Act Law - MACMH. Retrieved from https://www.macmh.org/2012/08/key-features-of-the-affordable-healthcare-act-law/.

HealthCare.Gov. (n.d.). Affordable Care Act (ACA) - HealthCare.gov Glossary. Retrieved from https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/affordable-care-act/NACCHO. (US). (1990). Mobilizing for Action Through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP). NACCHO.

Naccho.org. (n.d.). Programs - NACCHO. Retrieved from https://www.naccho.org/programsPennel, C. L., McLeroy, K. R., Burdine, J. N., & Matarrita-Cascante, D. (2015). Nonprofit hospitals' approach to community health needs assessment. American journal of public health, 105(3), e103-e113.

Radhakrishnan, A., Als, D., Mintz, E. D., Crump, J. A., Stanaway, J., Breiman, R. F., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2018). Introductory article on global burden and epidemiology of typhoid fever. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 99(3_Suppl), 4-9.

Rosenbaum, S. (2016). Hospitals as community hubs: Integrating community benefit spending, community health needs assessment, and community health improvement. Economic Studies at Brookings, 5.

Roy, B., Stanojevich, J., Stange, P., Jiwani, N., King, R., & Koo, D. (2016). Development of the Community Health Improvement Navigator Database of Interventions. MMWR supplements, 65(2), 1.