Introduction
While carrying out architecture work at home, there are high chances that problems such as management of billable utilization may arise. It's difficult to predict the exact time frame for completion of a particular project (Lipstadt 2013). Therefore the architect is uncertain on the correct billing of the project under development. The architect also faces challenges such as delays and specific changes which may affect the completion period of the project. Unexpected activity may cause delays when they happen during the development process. Situations such as disruption on the project may compromise the quality of the output. Architecture work needs critical thinking, which requires an ambient environment (Lipstadt, 2013). Any alteration to the overall requirements may place the project quality at risk.
Commons in Architecture
Architecture discourse has profoundly influenced the general society picture of society today. By addressing the various issues associated with architecture, the society view on the topic is brought out (Aldallal 2016). Government intervention in architecture has helped in the conservation of individual's work as well as their skills. Information about the various significant buildings, whether ancient or recent, can be much be reflected in the current society today. Through the creation of awareness about architecture helps architects know their rights and roles in any work (Aldallal 2016). Other agencies can partner with architects and improve the output of various projects.
Positions in Architecture
When it comes to architecture, some considerations are made on the job skills associated with it. The opinions of architects count when it comes to setting up buildings (Wang 2005).. Without incorporating the thoughts of architecture work by the builders while setting up buildings may result to lack of defined structure and sense especially when information is to be preserved for an extended period (Wang 2005).. Therefore, architecture plays a significant role in the development of any structure. Various opinions are brought together from different critical thinking personnel releasing a reliable and quality design for a proposed structure. Architects opinions should be highly considered to be the backbone of any building or construction.
Authorship in Architecture
Authorship is one of the essential aspects of architecture, which most is usually bypassed in the study of contemporary architecture practices. The co-authoring issues arise during the analysis of different critical problems associated with the building. Over an extended period, there has been a tension on the idea of architecture being the work of community and architecture being the work of art tussling about the community demands of art and social responsibility ethics. The following discussion is based on finding out the architect's role in cultural production, in the determination of whether he/she is a service provider or an author.
The study tries to relate communities relate to the building of the city. Try to answer some general questions such as; How do you build? Who do you create for? What is the effect on the working of the community? To answer this question, the teachings from the Architectural Association, Penn and Harvard have been used to support the hypothesis. Through this provocative research, Ideas about the art and the community and the relative impact on the field of architecture (Wang 2005).
To have a better understanding of the question in hand, the discussion can be looked from an existing building viewpoint apart from the open architecture (Wang 2005). The concept of authorship can be seen to take diverse dimensions if a building is used to explain the hypothesis instead of architecture. An assumption is made that, a building arcvhitecture originates from a single model design of the "original prototype" architect (Lee 2014). By taking a closer look at the building over some time, it can be observed that archit6ecture emerge from the building at different times. For example, Gordon Matta-Clark takes a building in New Jersey. An average ordinary building which has never been considered an architecture, by slicing and cutting into it, it can be uncovered to form something new (Lee 2014). A void consistinmg of both conceptual and physical view comes up within the further questions. How does it shape our experience in architecture? How does it restrict an individual movement? How is the building habitable? In reality, it can be concluded that Matta-Clark has put into consideration the consept of architecture in setting up the building, make it look as if to emerge from within (Tomkins 2014). The concept implied by Matt-Clark is fascinating since it has resulted in the transition in the relationship existing between a building and the architecture. The conclusion can be made that, architecture is a recursive function, it can take place in decades of years, even after a building has put in place.
How a Text on a Building Can Serve as a Creative Act of Literature
The critiques of the early 1960s and 1970s clearly show that architecture is more than a bare structure as well as discourse. Architecture can be presented as an image a reportage of any text form (Lipstadt 2013). The critiques took away the concepts of buildings, and this resulted in making the two ideas (building and architecture to be treated as separate concepts). Hence managing the building to be of no importance to the work of architecture. The building has henceforth been treated as an imperfect discourse manifestation, which is the worst case in this study (Lipstadt 2013). The initial artistic moved has necessitated the traditional notion of authorship.the critiques consists of theories, architectural histories as well as other sources. Thus it emphasizes the old understanding of the authors the people authenticating through the use of signatures. The work of critiques always disregards any creative work from other creative individuals in this realm, especially the ones working in building fields. There is no need to lose the tract since architecture brings out a better understanding and a distinction apart from the buildings. A revision on the relationship between the building and the architecture needs to be done to accommodate the building and remove the notion that it's just a work of discourse.
The idea of multiple authorship seems to be an exciting part of the study. Lets cosider artists such as Matt-Clark. As one of the early expert and a pioneer of the current preservationist thinking. Though in the example provided, he tends to work with nondescript to set up the building in the New Jersey Town Suburbs. There is a possibility of raising the alarm on the concept of multiple authorship and their translation to older cities. There is a possibility rise by taking into consideration the old European cities, which has a constant remarking port. Installed architecture notion can be observed, especially when the building has been existence over decades. Though a problem may arise, especially when the building has a stronger author, it may cause an issue when it comes to the appearance of the second.
The work of architecture is considered a work of co-authorship. Some authors, however, remains hidden structurally hence do not appear to have been associated with a particular creation of a specific architectural work (Aldallal 2016). The question which pops out, in this case, is determining the correct author. Who creates the creator? This questions can be attempting to argue that a creative agent was instead involved in creating an absolute peace of work, hence helping in creator creation (Aldallal 2016). At the beginning of determining the scope of a particular project, processing of the brief, and analyzing the historical significance associated with the importance of preserving the architect. The process of \preserving the work of architecture may involve the intervention of the previous author.
There exist institutional mechanisms of creating creators, such as funders, government bureaucrats, critics, gallerists, and museum creators (Aldallal 2016). These external actors, who participate in the authorship process play a significant role in creating the creator. There exists a strong social and political fields that emerge, especially when an attempt is made in considering the architecture work as a co-authored work (Lipstadt 2013).
Co-authorship of a Building in the Real Sense
In professional practice, a precise sequence can be obtained. At first, planning is done followed by construction and then eventually the handing over of the architectural work to the respective client (Qadri 2016). The completion of a particular building acts as a legal act working to denial of any question which may arise as a result of multiple authorship. Architects have certain specific terms that clearly define the conditions restraining the users on making any modification on a particular building (Qadri 2016). Instruments such as Copyright which legally keep off other individuals from carrying out signing onto even carrying out interventions on the work which has been authored. Co-authorship may though sound intriguing, though it's difficult to include other people in your work. Theoretically, people may talk about the death of the author according to the ideas of Ronald Barthes (Qadri 2016). According to professional and legal rules, both author's rights and identity are hard to kill. Hence, their authorial rights may go beyond the physical existence even across a few generations.
In 1990, an amendment on section 102 of the United States Copyright Act was made. The artistic Copyright for the architecture work which was made during the same year would be extended to last throughout the lifetime of the author an additional 70 years (Qadri 2016). This plays a crucial implication for the life of any modern building which has been set up. The Copyright guarantees the conservation and preservation of any work created during this particular period than the older building, which cannot be traced back or whose claims cannot be made with ease. Critical experimental preservation is slowly advancing from the 19th-century methodology of formerly and authorship architecture (Qadri 2016). The intervention of law in architecture is bringing out the concept of single authorship.
Buildings are legally preserved for the public good. Preservation of these buildings is the reason as to why some private activities have traditionally been against such preservations deeming it as a violent government act of taking of personal property. By carrying out such actions, will help in radicalizing private and public interests, especially when post-preservation of 1990 buildings starts as well as findings the ability to transform structures and public affairs to be limited. The relationship between preservation and Copyright is though questionable hence, there is a need to consider other forms of maintaining control over the architecture work. There is a need to find that the architecture work is co-authored from the beginning hence the notion of having authority should be disregarded. At the time of implementation of the architect's work, the builder also makes their own decisions without the architect's involvement. An improvement could sometimes be made while at other times the whole building may run into a mess. The client has a significant impact on the life of a particular structure. the culture holds that the co-authors and the individuals involved in creativity should be willing to eradicate themselves if an idea of an architect to be considered an author is to be achieved. In this particular concept, addressing the work of architecture as co-authorship deems it a great taboo.
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