Essay on Opioid Misuse and Addiction in America: The Devastating Consequences

Introduction

Prescription pain relievers, heroin and synthetic opioids such as fentanyl present a series of misuse and addiction to opioids among people in America. Opioids, in most cases, release endorphins, a feel-good neurotransmitter in the brain that deactivate the perception of pain and improve the feeling of pleasure covering the main reason why most people in America abuse opioids. Drug misuse, which is defined as an overdose or under-dose use of the drug comes with the immense effect both on the victim and the country at large. One of the main effects on the individual is an addiction which then brings about the serious national crisis that affects public health and economic welfare as well as social welfare in the region. A significant number of people die daily in the United States because of the misuse of the drug, an opioid. Research paper here analyses opioids abuse in America including opioid use disorder and epidemic levels as well as those people who are likely to misuse opioid in the region

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Methodology

The information gathered in this research paper has been sourced from primary sources as well as secondary sources, and all of them are listed in the reference section of the research. References used are sourced from different websites, including academic journals and news articles hence comprehensively providing reliable data regarding opioids abuse in America and opioids use disorder as well as its immense effect in the region.

FindingsOverdose deaths resulting from the misuse of opioids in America has increased immensely, thus presenting one of the major national health crisis in the region. With almost two hundred percent increase in deaths resulting from substance abuse in America, Opioid, the centers for disease control and preventions have been in a position to estimate the number of deaths of individuals which runs from over 60, 000 deaths in the region (Wagner et al. 2018). Several factors cover the reason why most people get themselves involved in this act, the opioids abuse in America. Some of the reasons include those low-income individuals in society; it is one of the main immense reason as to why there are increased cases of opioid abuse in America. Poverty in the region - people leaving a low life also cover another reason why there are increased cases of misuse of the drug, opioid.

The national trends regarding the use of opioid in the region have been a dramatic increase with immense effects to the victim which include addiction and other underlying effects to the country and health sector as well in America. The prevalence over the use of opioid in America has increased over the decades, causing immense economic effects. Due to abuse of this drug, several significant results have been noted, and these include increased poverty percentage and unemployment rates in the region.

Opioid Overdose Deaths in America

The abuse of the drug in the region comes with critical effects which include influence over the brain that later translates into other effects such as controlling breathing and heart rate among other immense effects. In the case of opioids abuse in America, the case has been involved with a significant number of deaths that ranges from fourth thousands in the year 2016 (Vallianatou et al. 2018). This has been a substantial blow in America and has caused many lives in the region. The overdose deaths resulting from substance abuse is estimated to be a hundred and fifteen deaths in a day in day. Comparing to another disease, substance abuse deaths are marked the most increasing. Oxycodone and hydrocodone present a series of the centrally prescribed opioids in the region and marks significant effects that later results in overdose deaths in the region.

Three trends, including increase prescription, drive the crisis in the region overdoes of the drug, opioid. With the increase in prescription, there is an increasing number of deaths that results from the abuse; this then marks an overdose death the result from opioid abuse. The increase in heroin overdose forms another driving trend that influences this crisis, overdose death. Finally, in the third driving trend, we have death rates from synthetic opioids such as fentanyl which leads to an increase in the number of deaths in the region, America.

Increased Drug Availability

Increased drug abuse in the region has been significantly associated with overdose use of the drug, an opioid. With the increased availability of the drug, there is an increased rate of abuse that then leads to immense effects in the region, national effects in the health sector. The drug domination in the market is depended upon increased production, and this makes it hard to manage this crisis, opioid abuse in America. Increased availability means a broader spread of the case which revolves around substance abuse, in this case, the opioid in America (Paolo Busardo et al. 2018). This case of availability of the drug facilitates the rate of effect of opioid abuse in the region, including overdose deaths in America.

Conclusion

To sum up, there are immense effects associated with substance misuse, opioid abuse in America. Overdose deaths and effects in the health care sector cover some of the tremendous impacts that come with opioid abuse in America. Increased drug availability and addiction form the main reason why individuals in the region abused opioid. Poverty and low-income also cover another main reason for the abuse of the drug, opioid.

References

Paolo Busardo, F., Pichini, S., Pellegrini, M., Montana, A., Fabrizio Lo Faro, A., Zaami, S., & Graziano, S. (2018). Correlation between blood and oral fluid psychoactive drug concentrations and cognitive impairment in driving under the influence of drugs. Current Neuropharmacology, 16(1), 84-96. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5771389/

Vallianatou, T., Strittmatter, N., Nilsson, A., Shariatgorji, M., Hamm, G., Pereira, M., ... & Andren, P. E. (2018). A mass spectrometry imaging approach for investigating how drug-drug interactions influence drug blood-brain barrier permeability. NeuroImage, 172, 808-816. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29329980

Wagner, E., Raabe, F., Martin, G., Winter, C., Plorer, D., Krause, D. L., ... & Pogarell, O. (2018). Concomitant drug abuse of opioid-dependent patients in maintenance treatment detected with a multitarget screening of oral fluid. The American journal on addictions, 27(5), 407-412. https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/29797622