Essay Example on Ending Racism: Understanding Bona Fide Professional Qualification

Part 1

Racial discrimination occurs or happens when an individual is treated less favorably than another individual in the same situation because of their differences in race, ethnic origin, color, or nationality. An example of racial discrimination is when employers of a company decide to hire employees of a certain race and deny hiring people from another race.

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A preference for race based on an occupational qualification can be well described using the bona fide professional qualification. This includes employment qualification that the employers are supposed to consider when deciding about hiring new employees or retaining employees. The requirements should be related to the essential job duty and are considered to be necessary for the operation of the particular business. Example of a preference for race-based on occupational qualification includes the job of models and actors; employers can consider race when employing the actors and models for authenticity or genuineness.

The requirement qualification should consider the person to be bilingual, judged based on language competency, and not nationality. For instance the kind of business that might favor the Asians when hiring includes jobs related to technology and computer science. Considering the bona fide occupational qualification when hiring employees has both advantages and disadvantages. To support the practice, some jobs favor specific race than other races for example acting jobs require people who understand fluent English and language competency, in this case the whites are more qualified than the Asians. To criticize the practice, I believe that everyone should be given a chance to try something new because if there is a certain race that does not have qualities for a certain kind of job, they should be given an opportunity to learn so that they are qualified for the job.

Strong victimization is when people are in a protected group, and they are not suffering any kind of discrimination but they claim that they are being discriminated for their own immediate benefit. Weak victimization implies that an individual is twisting claims of prejudice into an excuse for their failures, imperfections, and shortcomings (Sellers & Shelton, 2013). Example of strong victimization is when an employee claim that the employer is uses a racial slur and in real senses it is false and maybe the employee wants to revenge the employer by getting him in trouble. Weak discrimination is when a person is fired from work due to the mistake he or she made, but he or she claim that the employer fired him or her due to discrimination.

Part 2

Occupational segregation refers to the act of distributing employees across and within occupations depending on the demographic characteristics such as gender, race, and ethnicity (Bergmann, 2014). The leading cause of occupational gender segregation is gender stereotyping which starts from when we are born such that it shapes the development of the ideas of the children regarding the roles of boys and the roles of girls. Another cause of occupational gender segregation is self-selection, this happens when some women self-select out of higher job positions and instead, they chose to spend more time at home with their families and maintain the traditional hierarchy of gender and household accord. Disparities of work experience is also another cause of occupational gender segregation; this is because men tend to rise to higher job opportunities than women due to the disparity in work experience among the genders. Men are more experienced than women who give them a chance to rise to higher positions.

One disadvantage of occupational segregation is that it reduces the bargaining power of women and minorities, which makes it difficult for them to improve their labor-market position. Also, occupational segregation leads to social inequality because white men tend to dominate occupations, which offer higher pay, training, fringe benefits, and promotion, than the occupations white women and people of color dominate.

A glass ceiling refers to a barrier that prevents or prohibits women and people of color from advancing to a higher position within the hierarchy. Glass ceiling exists because women have more responsibilities such as childcare, household chores and other chores which are separate from work, this makes women have more responsibilities than men, and it makes them not to fit in the higher paying occupations since they have limited time to work. The other reason as to why the glass ceiling exists is because women who have college degrees mostly prefer to work in fields that offer lower incomes. These reasons for the existence of glass ceiling are exact because since the traditional hierarchy of gender to the society today, women are believed to have more responsibilities at home than the men. This gives the women limited time to work, and the higher-paying jobs require more attention and more time. Also, the study shows that men dominate the highest paying jobs such as software developer while women dominate lower-paying jobs such as education. This is because women are likely to choose to work in fields that offer lower pay.

Part 3

Deceitful advertising is also referred to as false advertising; it implies to manufacture using misleading, confusing, or blatantly false information when promoting a product (Danciu, 2014). Direct falsehoods include branding advertisements that are either true or false. The marketers should be granted a wide latitude to promote their products because the marketer has a moral responsibility to do anything they can to sell their products because they are obligated to fulfill the interest of their employers which is to make money by convincing consumers to buy the products.

The other reason is to support the context of the free market economy which is fulfilled when products and services are sent where they are supposed to be in a way that benefits everyone through the maximization of product information that the consumers have before purchasing the product.

The marketers should stay close to the pure truth when promoting their products because they should treat the consumers fairly since purchasing a product is like signing an implicit contract between the consumer and the producer. The consumer gives the right amount of money when buying a product and expects to receive an excellent product, which is in line with the expectations raised in the advertisements. Also, the advertisers and manufacturers should consider the welfare of the consumers by treating them as ends and not as means. This occurs when advertisers only concentrate on selling the products even if it means using deceitful information about the product. I believe that advertisers should treat consumers as human beings who deserve the best and the truth. For example, the advertisers advertising a fruit juice and claiming that the juice contains natural sugar extracted from fruit but in a real sense, the fruit juice contains sugar, this kind of information is false and deceitful which means that the advertisers and manufacturers are not considering the welfare of the consumers.

Part 4

The corporation should directly respond to the social obligation because the corporations are morally required to fulfill or accept those social responsibilities. This is expected from the well developed and successful corporations; these corporations are expected to take part in the sufficient resolution of the widespread social problems which applies as an obligation. The successful corporations should consider the wellbeing of the community surrounding them.

The other reason why corporations should respond to the social obligation is due to the externalities which attach the corporations to the social responsibilities operationally. For example, a company within a community disposes its toxic waste into the river in which the city uses to do their chores. This poisonous waste affects the community such that they affected with waterborne diseases. The affected people might not be able to report to work which affects productivity in various sectors such as teachers, police officers; the government will have to chip in and raise the taxpayer of the people to hire new teachers and a police officer. In this case, the community suffers by shouldering part of the pollution bill while the company gets all the amount of money from the sale of its products, but it does not the entire cost of producing the products.

The bottom line of a corporation can be improved by serving public welfare in different ways. The corporation that helps the community in ways such as empowering the women, helping in conserving the environment, helping to reduce and to end poverty and also to develop foundations that help the community, will have the opportunity to stand out from the competition. Building the relationship with the customers and the community will help to improve the image of the brand, which improves the bottom line of the corporation. Also, the corporation with attracting and retain the best talent who want to be part of the organization, and they work hard to increase productivity, which also improves the bottom line of the corporation. For example, the coca-cola company is an example of a company that has contributed to the welfare of the public by initiating programs that empower women in society. This social responsibility has lead to the growth of the coca-cola company.

Part 5

I believe that it is the management's best interest to dedicate considerable effort to building a corporate culture that encourages behavior and work practices conducive to good strategy. Organizational cultures are significant because they shape the performance of the organization. The corporate culture should be created by the founders, management, the employees, and the external factors that affect the company, such as economic trends, international trade national culture, and traditions. This gives other people apart from the managers to participate or take part in creating the culture that will benefit everyone and will help to achieve the success of the company.

The corporate cultures are essential because they help the employees to enjoy working in a workplace that they fit in with the company culture. The workers enjoy working when their needs and values are consistent the needs and values in the workplace are formulated through the corporate culture. Also, the managers should ensure that the company culture will be beneficial and favorable to the employees to motivate the employees to work hard and increase productivity, which in turn, benefits the company. For example organizations like Google and Netflix Inc. have less traditional management strategies such as they foster creativity, they practice collective problem solving and they give their employees greater freedom, this kind of corporate culture has led to the growth and success of these organizations.

Managers who do not concentrate more on creating corporation culture will make the company not to grow and instead fail because the company has no cultural practices that the employees should follow. There would not be any interaction of employers and employees, which will contribute to low productivity of the company. Also, external parties, such as customers will be affected because the company has no consistent values and practices.

References

Sellers, R. M., & Shelton, J. N. (2013). The role of racial identity in perceived racial discrimination. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(5), 1079.

Bergmann, B. R. (2014). Occupational segregation, wages and profits when employers discriminate by race or sex. Eastern Economic Journal, 1(2), 103-110.