Essay Example on Colonization of North America: France, Spain & England

Introduction

The olden times of colonial North America center mainly about the fight of France, Spain, and England to achieve control and power of the landmass. For various explanations, the colonizers traversed the Atlantic Ocean while their administrations took different methods to their efforts of colonizing. These particular dissimilarities came up with both gratifications, together with shortcomings that intensely influenced the destiny of the New World. For instance, Spain and France got ruled by despotic monarchs with governance that was absolute; most of the settlers entered the United States of America and were titled servants at that time of Crown. On the other hand, the English settlers relished more liberty and could rule themselves, given that they trailed the English rule and remained faithful to the kingship type of ruling.

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Moreover, contrasting both France as well as Spain, England heartened immigration from other diverse nations, which boosted its colonial population. By the year 1763, the English government went ahead to confirm supremacy in North America, having overpowered France and Spain following the war in both France and India. Though, those regions which had been ruled by French and Spanish could keep and maintain the country features that remain to the present day. Hence, there are various similarities and differences among early North American colonies (English, French, and Spanish Colonies: A Comparison).

Colonist-Indian relations

During the late 1400s and the early 1500s, the Europeans used to think that the Indians were Orientals, and the Indians used to believe that Europeans were gods. Also, at this particular period, the Europeans were massively surpassed by the Indians, and they could be frightened by natal demonstrations of force. By 1670 the Indian-European rapport had changed into a composite web of supremacy brokering. Associations were made, destroyed, and renegotiated by the two sides. In the late 1600s, the Indians related differently with France, Spain, and England nations (2012). The differences include:

French: The French and the Indians had specific discussions, which included a peace treaty which was revised by an official from the French government in 1673. Also, there was an announcement made to the Iroquois of French tactics to construct Fort Niagara in 1679, as a Franciscan missionary and traveler designated it. Lastly, in the late 1600s and advice was given on the negotiation with the Karankawa of Texas from two French brothers who had been detained by the Indians and Spanish. In these particular accounts, the French sense of weakness to the power of the Indians is evident, even if indirect, with a patronizing tone.

Spain: From the data of between 1500 to 1678, the Indian population tendencies in the northwestern New Spain was around 20 Indian groups comprising the Pima Alto, Pueblo, and Yaqui. Understanding the data and main accounts from this area, it was concluded by Reff that "Old World diseases demolished above ninety percent of the indigenous population." Furthermore, he discovers the "reflective variations in the indigenous culture," counting the Indians' growing willingness to the Spanish missionaries that arose from the extreme rates of Indian death (National Humanities Center, 2019).

England: After the wars of the Indians of the mid-1670s, which was referred to as King Philip's War in New England and against the Indian associates of Nathaniel Bacon in Virginia-a peace agreement was settled between the English and the Five Nations. This agreement was referred to as the Covenant Chain.

Environmental changes

For the colonies of French, the initial colonies were posts of trade in Newfoundland while others trailed in the wake of study of the St. Lawrence valley, parts of Canada, and the Mississippi River. The population growth rate was slow, and by the year 1672, only five thousand settlers had settled all over New France. In Canada, the French residents were less than forty thousand by 1734. By 1763, in Louisiana, there were around ten thousand settlers, as well as 5,000 slaves and Acadians.

With the Crown- sponsored defeats in the Spanish colonies, they obtained riches for their nation- Spain and were able to expand their empires. Many of the southern and south-western areas demanded, also parts of the California coast. The rate of population growth was slow because of the more significant on military defeat, their weak associations especially to the Native Americans, and several early failures to put up permanent communities.

In the English colonies, many of them were set up by the royal charter. These people initially occupied the States of Virginia and Massachusetts before rapidly expanding along the Atlantic coast. The mass went on settling from Maine to the borders of Georgia, together with the interior landmass along with the Mississippi River. There was a rapid population growth rate because of liberal immigration procedures. In the year 1627, Virginia had nearly one thousand colonists. There was massive growth, and before 1754 the entire inhabitants of the English colonies were more than 1.5 million.

Economic pursuits

French colonies: Despite that the French administration heartened the efforts of farming, the fur trading was evidenced to be more money-making. The estates grown in the Mississippi valley were mainly unsuccessful.

The Spanish colonies represented the majority of the trading economy; the West practiced agriculture. The business was run entirely by the Spanish board that dealt with trade. The Spanish army imposed the rules.

When considering the English colonies, varied economic activities comprised fishing, agriculture, and interchange. Most of the related exports were rice, fish, tobacco, and timber. Tobacco remained the chief source of income, especially for both colonies in Virginia, together with North Carolina.

Religion

The colonies of the French: despite the truth that Protestants had taken a character in the establishment of New France, as of in 1659, protestants were left out of the national colony. The overseas life was widely governed under the forces of the "French Catholic clergy."

In the Spanish colonies, the colonists were limited to Catholics, and this led to Protestants being mistreated besides banished.

England colonies were widely non- Catholics. Even though a little lenience was practiced in many of the colonies, the Puritans in Massachusetts came up with a despotic, together with limiting spiritual leadership. Pennsylvania authorized whole tolerance.

Political institutions

The French King ruled all the French colonies, which were entirely answerable to Him. Political or government representative never existed, as well as public meetings, couldn't be apprehended without the consent. The colonies of the Spanish got ruled by crown selected councils. The colonists had to submit to the laws of the King and could not make their own.

For the English colonies, the colonists were permitted to make local governments in addition; representative meetings were held and to even tax themselves, provided that they never assume arms in contradiction of the Crown. This was for the reason that England was far from its colonies and had a prudent parliament.

References

(2012). Colonial-Indian Relations, https://www.exploros.com/summary/Colonial-Indian-Relations.

English, French, and Spanish Colonies: A Comparison. (n.d.). Retrieved from COLONIZATION AND SETTLEMENT (1585-1763): https://www.granburyisd.org/cms/lib/tx01000552/centricity/domain/287/fact_sheet_u1_comparison_of_eng_fr_sp_col.pdf

National Humanities Center. (2019). Retrieved from American Beginnings: 1492-1690: http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/amerbegin/power/text6/text6read.htm