Climate and Weather Change Articles Review Paper Example

Article 1: Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and John F. Bruno. "The impact of climate change on the world's marine ecosystems." Science 328.5985 (2010): 1523-1528.

Summary

The article declares that marine systems are essential in the biology of planet earth, covering 71% of the earth's surface. The marine ecosystems consist of the water, the animals and the plants that live in it. The increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases is transforming the marine systems. For instance, there is decreased ocean productivity, interferes with the food web reduces the spread of the species due to an unsuitable habitat and increased incidence of diseases (Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and Bruno 1523). Despite the effect of the natural disasters such as volcanoes, it is apparent that the climate change is having a huge impact on the oceanic ecosystems. Developing countries cause the climate change, and it is likely to result in challenges.

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Importance

The changes in climate are leading to the rise in temperatures. The rise in temperatures causes the anomalous expansion of water in the oceans and lakes. The expansion, in turn, results in the rise in sea level in irregular intervals. As a result, there are cases of tornadoes and foods in the areas living near the water bodies. The occurrence of the floods and the tornadoes lead to the destruction of property and the loss of lives such as the cases witnessed in the US when the Hurricane Katrina occurred. The discussion of the change in climate leading to irregular rise and falls of the sea level is important as the situation requires mitigation and therefore, the curbing of the change in climate would save lives and property (Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and Bruno 1524). Additionally, the changes in climate affect the whole of the marine ecosystem. For instance, the distribution of the aquatic species is affected. Thus, the curbing of the climate change is likely to stabilize the lives marine ecosystem through the protection of the lives of the aquatic animal and plants.

Shocking Conclusions or Results

In one of the results of the study, the authors state that the greenhouse gasses emitted on the planet have led to a constant rise in the temperature of the world by at least 0.2 degrees Celsius every year for the past three decades (Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and Bruno 1528). It is shocking because even though many people believe that the rate of greenhouse gas emissions has been high over the years, the near-constant rise in temperature is unbelievably high.

Most Important Figures

The article states that the rate of ocean production has decreased at the rate of 6% annually since 1980. 70% of the decrease is attributed to the drop in the water production by the water catchment areas in high latitudes. Thus, there is a need to address the issue especially in the high latitude areas as they are considered the sources of the oceans (Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and Bruno 1528). Furthermore, mangrove deforestation has increased at the rate of 2% every year, n alarming figure pointing towards the deterioration of the marine ecosystem.

Article 2: Abatzoglou, John T., and A. Park Williams. "Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113.42 (2016): 11770-11775.

Summary

The authors commenced the article by stating that the high rate of occurrence of fires is caused by three factors namely the human settlement, the climate variability and human-caused climate (Abatzoglou, John and Williams 11770). The researchers applied the climate projections model to estimate the impact of the anthropologic factors on the climate change leading to the increase in fuel aridity metrics and forest fires. The article also states that the anthropologic factor leads to the increase in temperatures and vapor pressure. The study was based on the western US forests, declaring that the over the 15 years since 2000 to 2015, more than 75% of the forested areas in the region experienced fires in the proportion between one to infinity. On the other hand, the anthropogenic climate change has led to a 55% increase in fuel aridity (Abatzoglou, John and Williams 11772). The climate variability causes at least 45% of the forest fires. The human-caused climate change has resulted in the burning of 4.2 hectares of forests between 1984 and 2015. The authors are inspired to analyze the implication of the forest forests to the climate change.

Importance

The issue of the forest fires is essential in the larger discussion of the implications of the same on the climate change. For instance, the forest fires result in a degradation of the quality of air. The carbon emissions are also high in the occurrence of the forest fires. The fires also case the warming band eventual aridity leading o the case of fuel aridity. Nevertheless, I believe that the most important implication of the forest fires in the increment of the carbon emissions (a greenhouse gas. In the end, it results in global warming which is caused by rampant climate change in the areas affected and thus, it is the main precedence of the human-caused climate change.

Most Shocking Conclusion or Results

According to the study, a 55% increase in the fire-season led to a 79% increase in the area of the forests burned. It means that in the fire-season, the factors that lead to the fires are more rampant. The authors also suggest that the high aridity areas have a 75% susceptibility of forest fires than the less arid areas (Abatzoglou, John and Williams 11775). It is shocking that the human factors are not mentioned in the declaration of such shocking causes of forest fires.

Most Important Figures

The percentage of the forest cover of the world is estimated at more than 29%. The percentage represents over 5.9 billion hectares. Nevertheless, the forest fires are burning down at least 1% of the forts cover every year (Abatzoglou, John and Williams 11776). Therefore, there is the need to increase the forest cover while reducing the chances of the forest fires.

Works Cited

Abatzoglou, John T., and A. Park Williams. "Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113.42 (2016): 11770-11775.

Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, and John F. Bruno. "The impact of climate change on the world's marine ecosystems." Science 328.5985 (2010): 1523-1528.