The 18th Century Industrial Revolution: A Tale of Management Milestones - Essay Sample

Introduction

The introduction of the 18th century came with the growth of industries. The industrial revolution is an era that saw the introduction and excellence of several sectors. An industry is a separate entity and cannot be fully controlled by the owners. The contemporary management had to be introduced to cater for the management services that the industries required. Since then, management has gone through numerous changes and milestones. Today its success can be attributed and linked to the various initiators such as Fredrick Taylor. Others include Henry Fayol, whose revolutionaries changes the face of management we have today.

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Principles of Scientific Management

Frederic Taylor is named "The Father of the modern Scientific Management" his work brought revolutionary changes in management. Taylor came up with the 14 principles of scientific management. His theories presented the best ways of production (Thomas, 2018). If a feature in management was not efficient and effective in the course of amazement, it has to be eliminated. He made management even much better when he introduced the "time notion."

The principle was effective in the management of that time, and it enabled the administration to eliminate anything that did not add value. It enabled several industries to grow efficient and effective. The critics of Taylor's work was that it ended up with minimal effectiveness. It happened that soon after companies began employing more skilled workers and reduction of manual labor, scientific management lost most of its foundation (Thomas, 2018). Other critics include the fact that it was a way in which workers became dehumanized as they were overworked in the process of achieving efficiency and effectiveness.

Henry Fayol's Principles of Management

Henry Fayol initiated the fourteen principles of management. He marked a significant milestone that formed the foundation of today's management. His success was attributed to what he added to management. According to him, the fourteen principles interpret on hoe managers should interact with their staff (Ramakrishna, 2019). In his book "The fourteen Principle of Management," he states the six functions of management.

In the stated functions, he describes how they should go hand in hand with management. The six principles include projecting, planning to command, establishing, directing, and supervisory. The laws are what managers do every day in their work. The major criticism was the fact that the concepts were borrowed from military science, and there is a possibility that it could fail to work in the management.

Principles of Management Engineering and Motion Studies

Frank Gilbreth fathered management engineering. Gilbreth worked as a bricklayer. He introduced the definition of differences between workers; productivity and the worker's efficiency. His addition to management was important at that time since it added the essential facts about management. Since he worked in the bricklaying industry, he would study the whole process, and it would help him introduce a better innovation that brought a revolution to his industry (Morden, 2017). He invented the scaffold that enables workers to make work easier. The invention helped in the removal of unnecessary procedures that used to be important in the process of bricklaying. Before the introduction of the scaffold, the work was tedious after the introduction workers would use one hand to pick the bricks while the other one would be used to add mortal.

Through a collaboration with Lillian Evelyn Moller, they were able to do much study in engineering and how management could be changed to fit the various fields in engineering and management techniques. They introduced the use of psychology in industrial control. Through psychology, it was possible to improve one's morale and hence to improve their performance (Morden, 2017). His work went as far as improving the efficiency of the surgical procedures. The only limitations for his work are the risk posed by observers who may fail their presence-moving around the workplace with a pen while multitasking is tedious work and can lead to so many errors.

The Invention of the Modern Management

Peter Drucker introduced the principles of modern management. He brought the fact that business could be a profitable human-run enterprise that is socially responsible. His primary point of focus on the moral and ethical operations of companies. The produced the book "Practice of Management" in 1954, where he introduced the concept of Management by objective (Drucker, 2018). It encouraged managers to formulate the short-term and long-term goals that could be used to make the business successful. At the moment, these principles are still in use, and they are the primary reasons for the success of several companies.

He further went ahead and introduced the SMART method of measuring success. The tool is still widely used in the current management and other spheres of life to measure progress and achievements (Drucker, 2018). He introduced decentralization in control and was sure the sharing of roles, as well as a delegation of duties, would enhance a productive business. The major criticisms of his work were the fact that it was his work that did not put into consideration small startups. Secondly, is the fact that

Tom Peter's Principles

Tom Peter's introduced the principles of management that have transformed the way people think and treat management. He opened a consultant company where his clients would be from the blue-chip organization. He developed the McKinsey &-Model in the 1970s. The model was aimed at getting the shared values and systems (Smolen, Landewe, Bijlsma, Burmester, Chatzidionysiou, Dougados, & Aletaha, 2017). He further went on to produce the book "In Search of Excellence," it was leeway to his success since his principles were widely spread and applied.

After introducing the 7-S model, he used it, and the book was a perfect example in which the model worked best. Together with Peters and Waterman, the trio managed to derive the significant eight principles in which almost all corporate institutions fell under. The theories were very helpful in the 1970s, where inflation was at a peak. It was a blueprint the companies could implement in a bid to achieve the American Dream (Smolen et al. 2017). One major criticism for the principles that it was too general.

Conclusion

Management has gone through various milestones in its development. There are numerous milestones that management has gone through. Amongst the significant milestones are Frederick Taylor's principles of scientific management. Second is Henry Fayol's principles of management. The third is the principles of management engineering and motion studies. The fourth is the inventions of modern management, and finally, Tom Peters principles. They form the foundation and the basis of the current management and other life-improving skills.

References

Drucker, P. (2018). Essential Drucker. Routledge.

Morden, T. (2017). Principles of management. Routledge.

Ramakrishna, N. (2019). Henry Fayol's principles of management and its applicability in contract staffing. International Journal of Management, IT and Engineering, 9(3), 168-182.

Smolen, J. S., Landewe, R., Bijlsma, J., Burmester, G., Chatzidionysiou, K., Dougados, M. & Aletaha, D. (2017). EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2016 update. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 76(6), 960-977.

Thomas, B. (2018). Review the Principles of Scientific Management.