Problem Solution Essay on Environmental Problems in Iraq and Ways to Address the Problems

Introduction

Pollutants are the introduction of contaminants into the environment that causes destructive exchange and effects to the environment. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, consisting of noise, heat, and light. Pollutants, the additives of contaminants, maybe both foreign substances/energies or occurring contaminants. The state of the environment might, however, be affected by the human activities on the forest cover, clogging of the drainage systems which brings about flooding in most places. Deforestation is one of the major problems that has significantly affected the state of most of the countries in the world. It is scientifically proven the forest cover has a significant contribution to bringing rainfall. People have over-exploited the forest products for timber leading to reduced forest cover. The loss of forest and forest cover has significantly aggravated erosion leading to the reduced fertility of farms.

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Drought in most places witnessed today is as a result of lack of rainfall caused by poorly managed forest cover. Farmers are forced to use irrigation in recent years as compared when the rain used to fall significantly. Cutting down of trees to create extra land for cultivation, charcoal burning business, quarrying amongst other social and occupational practices are the most dangerous threats of environmental degradation because of poverty in rural. The bodies in charge of the maintenance of the forests should put strict regulations on the cutting of trees and even restrict the burning of charcoal. The production of timber products should be regulated through issuing of licenses for the operation of the timber products. The community should be educated on adopting the use of biogas in cooking and the use of gas thus reducing charcoal burning.

Littering and substantial waste collection is another environmental problem in most streets of Iraq. Waste products which do not decompose readily have proven to be a significant threat to the environment both in the rural and urban centers. Lack of proper dumping sites and legal regulations on dumping has led to people leaving plastic packages in any place they feel like. The illegal dumping and garbage disposition leads to the clogging of the drainage systems which later leads to flooding that may extend to sweeping away of quality soils. As a mechanism of reducing improper dumping, the Iraq government should strategize on installing a central dumpsite in every livelihood and even establish a waste recycling plant where the waste products will be converted to other useful products. The environmental regulation body can also illegalize the use of plastic bags and containers so that to reduce plastic waste products that cannot decompose. Waste management consists of collection, transport, remedy and disposal of waste together with tracking and law. It additionally encompasses the criminal and regulatory framework that relates to waste management covering guidelines on recycling.

Conclusion

Soil degradation in Iraq is a primary environmental concern in Iraq. The land to be for cultivation has lost their productivity due to reduced agricultural activities such as continued use of fertilizers pesticides and other chemical substances that reduce the topography of the farms. The removal of soil top layers which holds the most fertile sheets is resulted by high-speed wind and the action of water. Loosing of land fertility is affected by extreme agricultural activities where people cut down trees in a land, they cultivate the land using chemical substances, and when the land exhausts its natural fertility they leave the land and go clearing some other land, and the process continues to other areas. The government of Iraq should educate the farmers on the need to use naturally made manures to supplement soil aeration to ensure that the fertility of the farms is not lost quickly. Policies have to be formulated to provide that they are no clearing of lands near water bodies that may lead to soil erosion and also motivate the planting of gabions that will trap soil being washed away by wind and water.

Work Cited

Marks, Joshua. "The most pressing environmental issues- and what you cdan do tohelp solve them". Inhabitant.com,2018 retrieved from:https://inhabitat.com/top-6-environmental-issues-for-earth-day-and-what-you-can-do-to-solve-them/. Accessed 27 May 2018.

R.E, Hecky. Jeppe Kolding| University of Bergen- "environmental pollution" Academia.edu, 2011 accessed from: Uib.academia.edu. Available at: https://uib.academia.edu/JeppeKolding [Accessed 27 May 2018].