Paper Example on Benchmarking: The Management Process for Constant Improvement

Benchmarking is the main technical central point of overall leadership, a subject dependent on the culture of constant improvement. As argued by Ramabadron, Dean, and Evans (1997), benchmarking is a process of recognizing exceptional performance and practices of other projects or companies and to adopt such expertise for comparative strength. Besides, benchmarking is a process of learning to find the most effective ways of getting things done. Benchmarking is the management process used for continuous improvement through which performance is frequently contrasted with the top performers than the present (Themistocleous and Irani, 2001). The main reasoning of benchmarking is the potential to acknowledge one’s weaknesses and recognise that an individual's effort, especially in the construction of a three-story hotel complex with en-suite bedrooms plans, is executed is important. Benchmarking has nothing to with imitating and copying; instead, it is concerned with accommodating experience acquired from the finest for the growth of an enhanced project output (Barber, 2004).

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Rahimi, Tavassoli, & Mollaee (2009) posited that when organizations resolve to benchmark the best in the business, they frequently undergo exceptional performance and broaden their institutional framework. Rahimi, Tavassoli, & Mollaee (2009) emphasise that benchmarking can greatly enhance the functioning of managing organizations and the same patterns may result in the performance of three-storey hotel complex management. According to (Parker, 1996), the individuals who decide the benchmark have no obligations to start from scratch and can focus on upgrades and improvements. Rahimi, Tavasosoli, and Mollaee (2009) argue that benchmarking at first glance might be misunderstood as an imitation. The writers deduce that this could be refuted. Besides, benchmarking is a procedure that enables companies to advance following the present ideas and stimulates an external opinion to guarantee the meticulousness of setting objectives and improving internal policies required to achieve those goals. Moreover, three-storey hotel complex benchmarking can offer detailed information concerning the development of the three-storey hotel complex.

The description of benchmarking discloses that benchmarking is not merely a measurement method that gives rise to a relative measure of performance, but also illustrates the methods of attaining outstanding achievements. The extraordinary achievements are revealed by performance measure indicators, referred to as benchmarks and the activities that accelerate the extraordinary achievements referred to as enablers. Enablers illustrate the aims of the extraordinary performance, for this reason, benchmarking investigations are done with the help of two elements when they are linked practically. To be precise, achieving enablers (Wever, Boks, Marinelli, and Stevels, 2007) can accomplish benchmarks. To convert benchmarking analysis conditions to the two types of output, numerous models have been developed from the initial ten-step four models developed by Xerox to describe and direct the benchmarking procedure. A number of the methods are effective and most of them borrow from the recurrent benchmarking method suggested by W.E Deming. This model is therefore notoriously known as the "Deming Cycle" and it encompasses at least for stages.

The main driver because of benchmarking together with that of project management is upgrading. According to Maylor (2005), project management has four stages; and the idea behind process development is for constant learning and upgrading, through assessing the progress of the three-storey hotel complex, finding out from its experience, and employing the knowledge to develop the future project management processes. The development process is composed of two parts; learning by doing and learning before doing (Themistocleous and Irani, 2001). Devices for instance scorecards, audit reviews, and lessons learned are employed to assess the progress of the project. On the other hand, benchmarking links the two that are "learn before doing" and "learn by doing" to improve and learn the future project management processes.

In addition, benchmarking is the process of evaluating the value of project management and getting lessons for future projects. In most cases, the project supervisor is in charge of coordinating the project management process. It is therefore important that the project managers have particular competencies and skills to realise success in project management. As the best practice, the skills are measured for the organization. Competence is described as the personal attributes, knowledge, and skills that results in excellent performance.

Through benchmarking projects, full benefits have received the projects, not just from the results of the project but also from the knowledge gathered from the efficiency of the process of project management in addition to the best practice that can be employed to recognise sections of improvement for future project management. Additionally, the best practice of project management in a company can be recognised, offering a prospect for corporate training. On the contrary, benchmarking project management has its disadvantages, for instance, most projects are single entities with a specified lifespan. For that reason, there exists little common ground between the projects.

Management of health and safety issues arising from the use of the volumetric modular construction system

The prefabricated/ modular construction system is a construction approach that entails the production of buildings or components of buildings, typically carried out at a workshop or a specialised establishment completely separated from the site of the building (Florida, 2019). The construction method has been carried out in the building industry for ages. In advance of a building assembly, the location, and the groundwork of the building is usually accomplished (Pang, Liew, Dai and Wang, 2016).

Modular buildings are different from movable buildings, for instance, movable homes. Movable buildings mostly comprise of incorporated axles and frames for transport, which serve as structural floor support as well. On the contrary, a modular building is identical to an on-site stick-built structure; and when it reaches its final destination, it is lowered off its haulage truck and mounted on its foundation (Becker, Fullen and Takacs, 2003). As a result, modular construction includes both onsite work and offsite work.

A survey carried out on McGraw Hill construction in 2011 pointed out that that higher return on investments, enhance security, and increased productivity are major factors that accounted for the increase in modular construction. Therefore, this rapid expansion requires skilled and trained workforces who are acquainted with the right construction technologies and relevant risks to safety (Ying et al., 2014). In most cases, modular construction normally argued to have owned a protected working atmosphere in comparison to traditional on-site building structure owing to; stable place of work, fewer workers and contractors on the site of construction, simplest ways of monitoring dangerous, and less exposure to severe weather conditions.

Despite the capabilities of this building method to enhance improve safety; there still exist some security risks associated with off-site and on-site works demanding more precautionary measures and creating suitable security instructions. There are different types of safety risks and dangers associated with modular construction system all through the development and the on-site processes. According to the survey carried out by Becker, Fullen, and Takacs (2003), the majority of dangers in modular home fixing comprise of being knocked by a tilt-up roof whilst securing it in place, accidents from attic areas and roofs, and accidents from ladders.

Besides, a good number of accidents took place in the course of installation processes. As argued by Becker, Fullen, and Takacs, (2003), the serious accidents in modular construction system seem to be dropping from roofs and accidents from unbolted buildings at some point in the on-site process of assembling. Therefore, the supportive connection in the modular construction system calls for training and alternative models. Advanced connections designs should be in a position to safeguard the constructions and deter them from crumpling in the course of uplifting, storage, and long-term fixing. Additionally, several security incidents and falls took place because the system responsible for fall protection was attached to loose structures. It should be noted that roughly 16% of the accidents were because of Laborers not putting on the necessary fall protection gears.

About the accidents, working around or under moving modular construction system is an additional unsafe condition. Therefore, the most important thing is accurate work scheduling to free the workplace under and around moving parts by minor workers. Besides, only employees responsible for jacking tasks should be allowed into the building while whilst jacking operation on going except in cases where the building has been appropriately reinforced to guarantee its perfection in the course of installation (Ying et al., 2014). It is therefore important that a registered an expert licensed engineer verifies from the plans that in case of a loss of reinforcement at every jack location, the loss will be restricted to that position and the whole structure will be stay put.

Despite the possible benefits of modular construction systems, concerning safety, this method of construction can be risky and challenging in certain instances, for instance in the course of transportation and erection of huge components in tall buildings. Lifting, transporting, and fixing of large and heavy sections in this region are complex and risky (Duncheva and Bradley, 2016). For that reason, with the projected fast growth of modular construction systems, educational programs, and safety requirements should be put in place to satisfy the particular needs of this sector and to make workers conversant work-related risks.

How BIM can assist in effective collaborative communication

Facilitating communication

Among the proposed technological solutions that facilitate communication and to aid collaboration, building information modeling, there has become a great top for the UK construction industry. Building information modeling can be defined as the process of development and the use of a digital model of the facilities intended to be built. The following are out coming results of the building information model, the ambition of the core center hub for all information in which all the information about all the facility from its source of inception onward. The information needs to handle in many ways an accord to their roles through the lif4e cycle of the facility presented.it has realised that the conceptualization (Ritter and Al-Hussein, 2017). To the use of the model as the core hub for all source of the information require all stakeholders to the project to achieve its goals and the use of the building information depository this done through the collaborative effort (Luo and Tang, 2015).

The building information modeling has enabled projects; the model normally has a major mean of communication that is a very important fact that normally improves collaboration. In most building and construction practices, modeling software is not ideal, and that date is needed more so, in di...