Juvenile Corrections: Probation and Beyond - Essay Sample

Introduction

The words chosen are selected from juvenile corrections through ways such as probation, institutionalization, and community treatment. The paper defines the words chosen and give a sentence that connects those words to the real-world scenario.

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Probation is a chance to serve a short term or remain free from a particular judge given to an individual convicted of a crime instead of being so long as that person can be right. It is provided under specific court order terms like doing public service work. It applies mostly to first-time offenders who have committed non-violent crimes. In general, it is the state of releasing an offender from custody conditionally and allow the same offender to live in the community under the conditions set by the probation officer. In the real-world scenario, an example of probation is; Melissa was convicted for having a controlled substance, which was enough to make the crime to be a felony. But this being the first crime committed by Melissa, her sentence was suspended and was given supervised probation of three years to complete a drug rehabilitation program. While balanced probation is a program that is designed to integrate the protection of the community, it provides individualized and competent attention. It gives accountability to juvenile offenders who must accept any responsibility subjected to them for their behavior. It enables offenders to make amendments to their community and victims.

The social investigation report is defined as the report generated by probation officers, and it contains the juvenile clinical diagnosis and the need for court assistance through outlining several environmental and personality factors that should be considered by the court. In a real-world scenario, in the year 2009, a social investigation report was realized, which involved a conflict of Afghanistan children with the law, which highlights the failure of juvenile justice systems in the past to enhance rehabilitation of Afghanistan children and prevent their future (Crawford, 2013). Sometimes the systems are having adverse effects, especially when the children are abused those justice systems.

Restitution is the return of the monetary value of loss or property to the proper owner, and it is sometimes part of a judgment in contracts or negligence cases. It is a penalty imposed on a defendant in a criminal case requiring the return of goods stolen to the victim or paying harm in monetary terms. It is reimbursement for a loss on the injury. It involves restoration to a former condition before the action in question has taken place. In the real-world scenario, restitution occurs when a shoplifter who has taken goods from a shop has to give back to pay for the item stolen.

JIPS is a Juvenile program designed to divert young offenders who require closely supervised and highly structured programs from overcrowded institutions or out-of-home placement. It demonstrates to offenders that there are accountability and consequences in probation as well as rehabilitative activities that are productive. Juvenile Intensive Program Supervision has been used in Arizona and has assisted thousands of juveniles who might have suffered removal from their homes. In Alabama, at both state and local levels, there are JIPS programs that provide services to several youths who diverted from prisons. The youth receive intensive care from trained caretakers.

Cottage systems are systems that are designed in prison to be supportive, and treatment centers that are family-based and consist of small buildings that house about 20-30 inmates and it is often built in rural regions it is used house juvenile offenders and trained staff, or cottage parents are placed there for rehabilitation. It was developed in mid of 19th century as a family prison system to help move abandoned and difficult youth into such small facilities run by caretakers or a houseparent.

Death squads are small and irregular groups who are paramilitary, and they carry out extrajudicial violent acts and executions. In most U.S cities, the police are well convinced that the legal system makes it hard to convict criminal and as a result, the cops sometimes takes the law into their hands and have formed small death squads to execute criminals.

Electronic Monitoring refers to active monitoring systems, which comprises a radio transmitter that is worn by an offender. The systems send signals continuously to the computer in a probation department. It alerts the probation officials when the offender leaves the confinement place. The passive systems utilize a computer that generates random phone calls that have to be responded in a particular time from a specific phone or any other device.

Residential programs refer to the process of placing a juvenile offender in a nonsecure residential facility like a foster home, group home, rural home, or family group home. At the residential facility, the juvenile can be monitored closely, and a close relationship is developed between the youth and staff members.

Reform Schools refer to institutions in which psychological and educational services are utilized to enhance juvenile conduct, which is forcibly detained. Boot camps, on the other hand, are juvenile programs which combine various get-tough elements from programs designed for adults with substance abuse programs, education, and training of social skill. Aftercare refers to transitional help to juveniles, which is equivalent to parole applied in adults. It is intended to assist youths in adjusting to the life of the community.

Reentry is the experience and process of returning prisoners from prison to society when they are released from custody facility post-adjudication. It is the process in which juvenile offenders released from prison return back to the community and a successful reentry involve first considering the conditions of the community in which the formerly incarcerated person is re-entering. Reentry Courts and programs are designed to assist in successfully returning citizens to society after incarceration to reduce recidivism.

Mental health needs are basic health requirements in which justice facilities are required to provide all the necessary mental health treatment to detainees with mental health needs. It includes functional family therapy that is intended to reduce delinquency in juveniles with mental disorders. It also involves medications such as multisystemic therapy and foster care.

Community treatment is the use of non-institutional and nonsecure residences, victim's restitution programs, and counseling programs services to treat juveniles in the community setting. Whereas, Suppression effect is a reduction in the number of arrests of youths per year (Scull, 2014). The youths that receive this service are those who have been incarcerated or otherwise received a punishment. In contrast, a family group home is a long-term facility that is community-based and which juvenile offenders are given a chance to have extensive contact with family members and are considered to be less restrictive compared to detention centers. They are allowed to live with their family members.

A crown court refers to a court in which a judge or jury, but not a magistrate, tries a criminal case. It imposes sentences that are tougher to the offender if found guilty. It mainly carries out appeals from magistrates' decisions, the sentencing of offenders who committed from magistrate courts, carry out jury trials, and sentence offenders tried at the same courts.

References

Crawford, A. (2013). Institutionalizing restorative youth justice in a cold, punitive climate. In Institutionalizing restorative justice (pp. 140-170). Willan. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781843926276/chapters/10.4324/9781843926276-12

Scull, A. T. (2014). Decarceration: Community Treatment and the deviant-a a radical view. John Wiley & Sons.

Welsh, W. N., Knudsen, H. K., Knight, K., Ducharme, L., Pankow, J., Urbine, T., ... & Link, N. (2016). Effects of an organizational linkage intervention on inter-organizational service coordination between probation/parole agencies and community treatment providers. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 43(1), 105-121. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10488-014-0623-8