Free Essay Example on Creation of Cosmos

Introduction

The creation of the cosmos, according to Israel, civilization existed among multiple models such as speech (logos) where God spoke and shaped unresisting matter into order and appropriate existence. The second model that is struggling (agon), God, did strive with sea monsters during the universe's beginning due to power and sovereignty (Smith 3) Based on the agon model, the creator is the divine who drives chaos monsters like death, leviathan, sea, and Tannin. Egyptians kingdom had a pantheon of gods. The heavenly bodies like stars, moon, and sun were worshipped, although the bible does not support honoring them. Hence, the creation of the universe is a matter of a person's beliefs from opinions and feelings since they help one make cognitive claims towards the existence of the universe (Wolters 2). According to ancient Jordan, the Earth began since it was created by gods, where the creator formed a human being and made him breathe since he was put in a unique oasis-like garden with plenty of fruits.

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The creator concentrated on making the first man where He strived to get his companion. Then, He gives the man comfort where He formed the first woman, and eventually, they were chosen from the land after disobedience. Based on the Israelites perspective, God created the cosmos that is the world from nothing, out of matter, which He made orderly due to miraculous and divine intervention. People are designed with the likeness and image of God and have self-transcendence, personality, morality, and creativity. Individuals were given identity, which influenced their dignity, value, worth, and significance in the whole universe (Heiser 6). Thus, People can understand the world and God because they have intelligent since they were created with His image that is Logos or divine. Therefore, this paper analysis universe creation based on ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Israel, Sumeria and Jordan

Creation From Ancient Israel

The history focuses on the beginning of life in the universe where human beings are seen as self-dependent because they have knowledge and experience. The record relies on various approaches that help in the understanding of the origin of the universe. Additionally, Israel's perspective indicates that nothing existed outside the natural world because nature progressed throughout that why people understand the past, present, and future. Human beings move from one level to the next through evolution, where they know they need for their existence. Animism understands the spirit and human existence since everything emerged in the eternity context because time is an illusion that makes the historical concept meaningless. Thus, material that exists behaves in a linear fashion concerning people's perception. According to Calvinist, through the faith, people understand that creation was attained through Jesus Christ because he renewed everything through divinity (Sugirtharajah 18).

Accordingly, the origin of the world touches the theory of Lamarck's, which argued that similar species originated from the same ancestors. The approach believed that organisms that utilized its body parts could become efficient and enlarged because through the disuse and use of body parts since animals acquired specific characteristics and adapted to the changing environment. Therefore, the theory argues that these traits could be transmitted from ancestors to offspring leading to continuity of life in the universe.

Creation From Ancient Egypt

Monotheism concept focuses on faith and belief because ancient Egypt civilization believed that in religion, goddesses and God exist, although the world is controlled by supernatural powers. The knowledge was obtained from Hesiod and Homer as well as bards’ myths, stories of heroes, gods, and creation. Besides, ancient monotheism is found in Persia that is Zoroastrianism, where Zoroaster enhanced the worship of the supreme creator that is Ahura Mazda, who formed everything in the world. Ahura Mazda established primary spiritual forces (Amesha Spentas) and abstract powers (Yazatas), who opposed some forces like evil thinking and truth. The existence of powers of creation introduced Christian, Islamic, and Jewish, which received a hierarchy of controls in the sky. Various schools of Aristotle, Stoics, and Plato showed the ways of coping with vagaries of life concerned with the soul state, unlike worldly externals. Aristotle dealt with the existence or metaphysics of the highest God, who is the controller of the substances.

According to the Stoics, the world is termed as a single organism energized by divine and imminent rational forces that are controlled by natural law. Big Bang proponents claimed that energy and matter in the cosmos was compact and tiny, which exploded at high speed. Therefore, stars, planets, and galaxies remained in an explosive motion during the time of creation until now. Besides, based on creation from various gods, monotheistic religion was introduced during ancient Hebrews linked by a belief in Sovereign God, who manifested himself to Hebrews prophets such as Moses and Abraham through rabbinic traditions and scriptures. The universe monotheism is introduced by philosopher Henry More around 1614 to 1687, reiterating the importance of God of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism as well as the bible. On the contrary, in the ancient universe, the monotheism concept understands how individuals became polytheists since they understood the emergency of divine multiplicity. According to this belief, the world is comprised of various realms that are heavens (sky), humans (Earth), and land which lived dead. The sky was crowded with divinities, although the ancient Egyptian civilization had a dominant creator or a leader of God who was in charge of life (Heiser 6). These powers crossed to the universe in different manifestations. For example, powers like demons could possess individuals because they behaved like mental disorders and diseases. However, the argument is not accepted since the bible indicates how the universe emerged due to supernatural power that came from the sovereign God. Initially, the world was nothing until God saw it was necessary to create something out of nothing. God created human beings to multiply and fill the Earth as well as to care about other living things.

Creation From Ancient Sumeria

Based on Israel view, oral mythologies and histories about the origin of the universe existed for thousands of years in the past. Around the 19th century, only religion could explain the source of the universe until the 1920s, where the Big Bang approach gives a remarkable description of how animals, the cosmos, and people emerged in the world. The theory state that the world was formed from the dust where the gas remained after sun's formation. The cooling of the universe allowed the creatures such as living things to appear on the new planet since it could sustain life. The universe exists due to supernatural and ultimate cause, where Newton argues that fortuitous and blind were skilled Geometry and Mechanics (Frawley 3).

Accordingly, the ancient Israel perspective argues that cosmology is part of theism, which is based on astronomy and physics that explains the role of existence and God. Einstein's general approach indicates that the spacetime structure is a dynamical variable that explains materials in the universe (Fretheim 5). Thus, from Israel civilization, Christian theism believes in the universe based on the accuracy and commitment of the biblical perspective of creation. Besides, Christian theism believes that creation is miraculous, which cannot be explained by the natural laws. Therefore, God formed the world where the information is obtained in the book of Genesis, where the bible gives the stories on how the Earth was formless and orderless or out of nothing, and eventually, God created everything, both living and non-living things. For instance, from a biblical perspective, God created light, sky, seas, plants, heavenly bodies, water creatures, animals, and human beings. In Genesis 2, the story reiterates more about the creation of humankind that is Eve and Adam, where a man was made from dust particles while God brought life to him. Then, Eve, the woman, was created from man's rib to give the company and assist Adam. They were placed at the Garden of Eden, where they were offered the responsibility to take care of other creatures. However, various Christians' argues that God was responsible for His creation because He oversees the behavior of what He formed particularly human being, and everything that seemed right.

Creation From Ancient Jordan

Ancient Jordan argues that people have divergent ideas regarding the origin and nature of the universe because they noticed that maggots, insects, and various microorganisms originated from the dead matter. Around 19 to 20th century, biochemists, microbiologists, and molecular biologists acquired new tools that could study and understand life such as RNA and DNA, which are life building blocks (Salamzadeh and Kirby 20). The changes in cycle engaged natural processes system where men were educated that running water made solid materials to land in the oceans and seas. Also, physical cosmology attains SM (Standard Model) concerning physics that governs gravity and forces that explain the evolution and structure of the Earth (Smith 8). SM indicated that the world evolved from high temperature through cooling, developing and expanding structures at different scales like stars and galaxies. Radioactive occurred in minerals and rock, which provided a means to estimate the age of Earth and solar system. However, ancient Jordan opinions are highly rejected since the divine image has changed the perception of people as God is viewed as a creator with intelligence, ability to reason, and control emotions, self-awareness, and communication or language ability.

Besides, ancient Jordan based its view on biblical aspects about the formation of the world. For example, the creator concentrated on making the first humanity, where He struggled to get his companion (Mangalwadi 21). Then, God gives the man comfort as He formed the first woman, and eventually, they were chosen from the land after disobedience. Thus, God created the cosmos that is the world from nothing, out of matter which He made orderly due to miraculous and divine intervention. People are created with likeness and image of God and have self-transcendence, personality, morality, and creativity (Heiser 6).

Conclusion

The Israel understanding of the origin of the universe makes them realize that God is a creator. The holy scriptures start with the formation of everything within the world where Genesis indicates a powerful creator who is God. For example, Genesis 1 shows that God created plants and animals to inherit the water, sky, and land. Also, God created humanity that is female and male and commanded things to multiply and fruitful. Therefore, from the Israelites civilization, people understand that God is the creator of everything, and humans were given the mandate to control all things.

Besides, from the creation of Jordan view, modern individuals understood that God is owner, and people are His stewards since the bible indicates that humanity is God's work since they were created with his likeness and image. Human beings originated from soil and God's breath, suggesting that they relate with other creation from God's decision and determination.