Domestic Violence: Annotated Bibliography

Barnish, M. (2005). Domestic Violence: A Literature Review. Retrieved from http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.justice.gov.uk/inspectorates/hmi-probation/docs/thematic-dv-literaturereview-rps.pdf

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Barnish provides a literature review on the entire topic of domestic violence by focusing on what is already know about the topic and the interventions. The author begins by considering the definitions of the subject by feminists and as a criminal justice aspect. Feminists consider domestic violence as a physical injurious assault characterized by coercive, controlling and abusive behaviors leading to physical and psychological harm. In criminal justice, the author considers domestic violence as violence between current and former partners in an intimate relationship involving sexual, physical, emotional and financial abuse. It is a human rights issue (Barnish, 2005). Victims of domestic violence are mostly women with perpetrators being men. Although significant levels of domestic violence are being reported to police, there may be more cases that are not reported due to fear of retaliation (Barnish 2005). Also, the author outlines some of the factors associated with domestic violence including age, pregnancy, isolation, returning to a violent relationship and separation from a partner. Further, the author reviews the knowledge on the various interventions on domestic violence including police arrests prosecution and sentencing, the justice system and the community controls.

This source is a useful one. It offers insights into the topic by emplaning what it is, its nature and the interventions. The author refers to various studies conducted by other scholars to ensure credibility. Borrowing the findings of other researchers helps to enrich the information presented by the author with facts and statistics that make the subject more relevant.

Undoubtedly, this source will be of help when describing the subject's nature and its definition. It will help in framing the topic and explaining how prevalent it is as well as fronting it as a weighty issue that affects people's human rights and as viewing it from a criminal angle. It shall also be helpful in assessing the interventions available and their suitability.

Benedictis, T., Jaffe, J., & Segal, J. (2017). Domestic Violence and Abuse: Types, Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Effects. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265155866_Domestic_Violence_and_Abuse_Types_Signs_Symptoms_Causes_and_Effects

Benedictis, Jaffe, and Segal discuss the types of domestic violence, signs, and symptoms, causes, and effects of domestic violence between intimate partners. The authors contend that domestic violence is primarily characterized by intimidation, humiliation and physical injury to one of the partners. They assert that domestic violence is about trying to control another partner through verbal, nonverbal and physical means. According to the authors, main types of domestic violence include physical, verbal and nonverbal (psychological abuse, mental abuse, emotional abuse), sexual abuse, stalking and cyberstalking, financial or economic abuse and spiritual abuse (Benedictis, Jaffe & Segal, 2017). Also, the authors examine the causes of the domestic violence and find that some of the immediate causes include stress, provocation by the intimate partner, economic hardship, depression, desperation, jealousy, and anger. The authors find many results of domestic violence for the partners including sleeping problems, depression, anxiety attacks, low self-esteem, lack of trust in others, feeling abandoned, anger, sensitivity to rejection, inability to work, poor relationship with children and death in extreme cases. The effect on children is likely to be attempts at suicide, use of drugs, committing crimes and lowered self-esteem (Benedictis, Jaffe & Segal, 2017).

This source aimed at educating the reader on the motivations that lead to one intimate partner transforming into a hostile being that descents on the lover and abuse him or her. The authors provide probable motivations including mental issues such as depression and anger which are convincing.

This source has enlightened me on the psychological and economic issues that lead to domestic violence. The source will be useful in understanding what psychological, emotional and economic factors lead to domestic violence. It will also be useful when assessing the impacts of domestic violence on the partners and the children.

Chapman, A., & Monk, C. (2015). Domestic Violence Awareness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 172(10), 944-945. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15070853

Chapman and Monk view domestic violence as a result of the impairment in the psychiatry and psychological domains. These two areas are concerned with the brain functioning and regulation of behavior such that their improper working potentially turns a lover into an abuser. The authors assert that although women (one in three women has encountered a form of domestic violence) are more prone to abuse, also men equally experience the danger (one in four men has experienced domestic violence) of domestic violence involving rape, physical violence or stalking. In the United States, domestic violence is a major cause of deaths among women accounting for 40 to 50% of all murders of females (Chapman & Monk, 2015). Lower-income women are more prone to the attacks. The authors explain that most victims of domestic violence are underrepresented in consulting rooms because of self-denial, shame, and guilt as a result of the demeaning act.

The findings of this source concur with those of Chapman and Monk (2015) especially regarding the causes of domestic violence. Both studies consider psychological issues as the leading causes of domestic violence. However, Chapman and Monk (2015) go ahead to examine psychological issues such as guilt, shame, and self-denial in impacting on the victim such that they block him or her from seeking assistance after the tack.

The findings of this study will be useful to the proposed study in further understanding the relationship between psychological problems and triggers of domestic violence among partners.

Chhikara, P., Jakhar, J., Malik, A., Singla, K., & Dhattarwal, K. (2013). Domestic Violence: The Dark Truth of Our Society. J Indian Acad Forensic Med., 35(1), 71-75.

Chhikara, Jakhar, Malik, Singla, and Dhattarwal open their discussion by defining domestic violence as a pattern of behavior in an intimate relationship used to attain control and power over the other partner. The authors explain that domestic violence may assume various dimensions including sexual, physical, psychological and emotional all being means of controlling the other partner in the relationship. The partner seeking power and control over the other may employ various tactics including intimidation, terrorizing, hurting, threatening, manipulating, humiliating, blaming or physically injuring. Domestic violence may occur to married, living together or dating couples (Chhikara et al., 2013). The authors contend that domestic violence is an unfortunate social issue that can happen to any person irrespective of sexual orientation, gender, age, religion, race, education level, and age. The authors take a step ahead of looking at what can be done to prevent domestic violence, and they assert that intervention needs a combination of law enforcement, health care services, and social welfare. However, the authors still find that a barrier to offering assistance to those who have been abused is the failure to report the abuse due to social stigma and social pressures.

Like the other sources, Chhikara et al. (2015) identify common types of domestic violence including sexual, physical and psychological. This source, however, provides new helpful information regarding tactics employed by the perpetrator in exercising control over the other partner in the relationship. This helps in understanding the behavior of the aggressor in the relationship such as being threatening and intimidating, and this may as well serve as a warning sign of looming abuse for the other partner.

The information provided in this source will be useful in further understanding the psychological issues and techniques used by the perpetrator in trying to gain control over the other partner. It shall further provide insights on how intervention should be approached when trying to prevent domestic violence among community members.

Definitions of Domestic Violence. (2014). Retrieved from https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubPDFs/defdomvio.pdf

According to this presentation, there are different definitions of domestic violence depending on the state and the laws. However, it emerges that under the domestic violence civil laws of each of the states, domestic violence is regarded as a crime involving members of the family in which an aggressor engages in arson, assault and harassment, burglary, robbery or tampering, homicide offences (manslaughter or murder), kidnapping, false imprisonment or felonious restraint, sex offenses (rape, sexual abuse, child molesting and deviate sexual abuse) unlawful use of weapons, family offenses (abandonment, incest and criminal nonsupport), property damage and other crimes as may be deemed by the attorney general.

The definition provided in this source relates to that provided by other sources earlier seen. This source defines domestic violence from a legal standpoint which makes it a credible source as it considers the matter as heinous and against human rights enshrined in the constitution.

This source will be useful in defining domestic violence and framing the study by providing a direction of the confines of the subject to be investigated.

Dryden-Edwards, R. (2018). Domestic Violence Facts, Types & Effects. Retrieved from https://www.medicinenet.com/domestic_violence/article.htm#domestic_violence_facts

Dryden-Edwards provides an overview of domestic violence facts including brief statistics, types of domestic violence, a brief history, effects of domestic violence, causes, warning signs and symptoms and how to assess and treat the problem as well as the prevention. The author explains that domestic violence affects 2 million women and about 800,000 men and as a result of the high numbers f being involved, it has led to homelessness, injury, billions of money in healthcare costs, deaths and loss of work productivity. The author argues that domestic violence has existed for a long time since World War II. Warning signs of domestic violence include excessively being controlled by the other partner, feeling demeaned and assaulted. Absences from school or work, fear of conflicts, isolation from others, stress-related physical symptoms and numerous injuries tend to suggest that an individual is undergoing domestic violence (Dryden-Edwards, 2018). The author adds that domestic violence may be caused by several factors including drug abuse, poverty, being unemployed, heterosexual relationships, mental illness, and alcoholism. Treating domestic violence requires legal and mental-health interventions.

The source provides more information on domestic violence that coincides with what has been provided by other scholars. However, the author expands the discussion by bringing in more points regarding effects and treatment approach to domestic violence.

The source will be useful in expanding the discussion o effects of domestic violence and evaluating the treatment and prevention methods of domestic violence.

Fact Sheet 1 Forms of family and domestic violence. (2015). Retrieved from https://www.dcp.wa.gov.au/CrisisAndEmergency/FDV/Documents/2015/FactSheet1Formsoffamilyanddomesticviolence.pdf

According to Fact Sheet, 1 Forms of family and domes...