Comparison of Historical Events from Pre-Columbian Native American - Report Example

Pre-Columbian civilizations include the existence of Indians who resided along with Mesoamerica, part of Mexico and Central America and other regions of Southern America. The pre-Columbian settlement in America yielded to several achievements such as; creation of a calendar system by Aztecs, the realization of the digit zero by the Mayans.The building of impressive structures that up to date amaze people who never understand how they emerged and the development of shrunken heads by the Shruan tribe through anatomy and chemistry (Janica 25). As witnessed today, the Indians are among the best people to perform critical surgeries and produce effective medicines just as those years of civilization they had healing plants and surgical prowess (Borzone 69).

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Pre-Columbian civilizations had several features where they created permanent settlements in certain areas for them to carry out agriculture as their main activity and introduce hunting and gathering. They had complex social hierarchies that made it impossible to perform political activities among themselves. They were good in architectural designs and civil constructions which they did well. However, throughout America, some challenges faced these cultures including Warfare, Financial naivety and Religious intolerance. In contemporary society, religious intolerance is still being experienced in the American culture, certain religious communities are discriminated because of their beliefs and may result in the persecution of innocent souls upon declaring their religious stand.

Contemporary society today believes that Israel and the United States relationship show anti-Islam policies to the Western world. During the earlier days of civilizations, Islam's and other religious communities did not bond well due to religious superiority and power wrangles. The Hindu religion and structures are up to date considered as forms of devil-worshipping and many Christians are against exercises such as Yoga being done in the public since they portray devilish images and signs. Many female clay figures have been discovered in the agricultural lands that the Hindus planted crops in the early centuries, they up to date worship images designed in form of female figures and animal portraits. They figurines represented the gods, human figures, and animals like cats. It is mainly known that they were primarily used to signify trade and significant religious subjects.

Hinduism in the early centuries was seen as an embracement of sacrifices to the human and animals as seen in the contemporary society where Christians and other religious are against the practices and gods created by these groups of Indian people. Since the early centuries of the pre-Columbian civilization, there has been huge religious rivalry among different religious groups due to differences in beliefs and cultures. Looking into the current society, there is a strong rivalry between the Islamic and Christianity religion, atheists have also been highly fighting the Christian belief since they believe that God does not exist. Moreover, the rivalry is not only among denominations but also among those who believe in cults and other ideologies (Wilet 3).

Religious intolerance minimizes the degree of economic growth because the rate of discrimination between different beliefs deteriorates the speed in which an economy grows. For example, the rivalry between Islam’s and Christianity has made it impossible for many people to invest in those countries for fear of discrimination and displacement. Israel and the United States are still battling to win entities in the economic world which has ended up causing disharmony between these two states (Penyak 56). Chaos and riots are often witnessed after the execution of prominent business people who are often said to be associated with drugs and extrajudicial killings.

During the pre-Columbian native civilization, differences in beliefs among them also reduced the number of trading activities among them; this is why most tribes ventured into their creations. The pre-Columbian civilization differed in the ability to preserve written records, which some communities did, while others considered inappropriate. About three cultures dominated the period, namely, Olmec, Aztec, and Maya. All of the civilizations in the pre-Columbian had permanent settlements and architecture. However, only the Maya civilization produced and kept their written records. The different communities viewed the written records as propagating heresy, particularly the Christians.

As such, the records were destroyed mostly through the use of pyres and other irrational means. Most of the written records that survived had been translated into Spanish, which served to inform modern historians about the past culture. Thus, the religious intolerance of each of the civilizations was a defining mark at the time. The different civilizations of the pre-Columbian society differed in their way of communicating art and religion. In particular, the Olmec civilization employed the use of detailed jade figurines that helped them express their beliefs.

Besides, civilization is famous for using stone sculptures that aided in setting them apart. On the contrary, the Maya civilization art mainly represented supernatural beings and mortal rulers regarded with respect. They also built unique pyramids compared to stone sculptures made by the Olmec civilization. Maya civilization had many rituals and ceremonies to communicate with the gods compared to all the other groups. Therefore, Maya people gathered, especially during seasons like the new year, to give reverence to their goods. Many of those involved sacrifices that were calculated to appease the supreme beings. It was contrary to the Aztec community that did not create religious sculptures in most cases. Thus, the rift of intolerance was magnified against each other based on beliefs and sanctioned ceremonies.

Works Cited

Janica, Ernesto Vega. "The wisdom of our Native American tribes: Advanced math, science and culture for the future." 2018 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2018.

Borzone, Augusto. "The Contribution of the Pre-Columbian to the European Medical Matter." Medicina nei Secoli 5.1 (2019): 63-78.

Penyak, Lee M., and Walter J. Petry, eds. Religion and society in Latin America: interpretive essays from conquest to present. Orbis Books, 2015.

Wilets, James D. "Religion and Homophobia." The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies (2016): 1-5.