Bartolome de las Casas: New World Social Reformer Annotated Bibliography

America, Latin, et al. "Race and Political Theory: Lessons from Latin America." Race or Ethnicity? On Black and Latino Identity (2018): 248. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=haJhDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA248&dq=who+is+Bartolome+de+las+Casas&ots=x-KPlylomb&sig=wkSVhn3ghelyf84lFkAnmLL-7B0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Bartolome%20de%20las%20Casas&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

The book presents Bartolome de las Casas as anti-racist bend on proving that beyond the assumptions and holdings of color, human beings are same regardless of where they are or how they are born. According to the book, the author identifies Bartolome de las Casas to have the same characteristic as Jose Marti and Jose Vasconcelos. The paper further calls on the acknowledgment of Bartolome de las Casas false belief that race is nothing but a social theory. Additionally, the book brings to focus the issue of socialization which brings the question of why people believe or act in certain ways.

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This source is important as it brings the issue of socialization into the equation. While Bartolome de las Casas reforms and advocacies aimed to help advance the ideology of sameness, the source points to the weakness in his process. While he focused on educating the vices of violence, he failed to handle the issue at the roots which are the family institution.

Bartolome de las Casas was so focused on getting to the position where he could influence national matters forgetting that he already had a platform as a church leader. Society is made up of institutions that promote change, and the church is one of them. The source thus points to alternatives that Bartolome de las Casas could have taken to develop and advance his beliefs.

Clayton, Lawrence A. "Why nobody likes a prophet: Bartolome de las Casas, a loud voice in the wilderness." Cogent Arts & Humanities 3.1 (2016): 1124480. https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=UZVUXXdcna8C&printsec=frontcover&dq=who+is+bartolome+de+las+casas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwif2aTv8IzeAhWQzIUKHXdiDnEQ6AEIVjAJ#v=onepage&q=bartolome%20de%20las%20casas&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

Clayton portrays the characteristics of Bartolome de las Casas as being enthusiastic and sympathetic. The Amerindians of Greater Antilles (Spain, Cuba) faced two evils on both sides. On the one hand, the onslaught from their conquerors and on the other hand, European diseases. The book narrates the options available to the Indians including slave raids, armed expeditions, and ensuing diseases.

Bartolome de las Casas presents himself in the picture as an emissary of good. However, the book emphasizes the strategic nature of Bartolome de las Casas as witnessed in his entry into King Flemish's entourage and ascending above Spanish rivals. Upon achievement of his position, he went ahead to lobby, maneuver and persuade others to join his cause.

The importance of this source lies in the second paragraph. After introducing Bartolome de las Casas as a reformer, the source provides information on first-hand experiences and cruelties that the Indians faced. Furthermore, the source offers insight into the strategy employed to promote and develop an ideology that no longer viewed Indians as people to be conquered, preferably, as equal people that deserved respect and acknowledgment. However, the maneuvers and strategies lead one to question how far a priest should go in the name of the lord to ensure equality among the people.

De Las Casas, Bartolome. "Chapter Six Las Casas, Vitoria And Suarez, 1514-1617 Enrique Dussel." Human Rights from a Third World Perspective: Critique, History and International Law (2014): 172. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=1TsyBwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA172&dq=de+Las+Casas,+Bartolom%C3%A9.+%22Chapter+Six+Las+Casas,+Vitoria+And+Suarez,+1514-1617+Enrique+Dussel.%22+Human+Rights+from+a+Third+World+Perspective:+Critique,+History+and+International+Law+(2014):+172.&ots=8xcNNDcdN3&sig=nsxpoSjXxAUEJalmQu1DpQ6q1e0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Bartolome%20De%20Las%20Casas%20&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

According to the book, Bartolome De Las Casas is a critic of modernity, and his criticism is not limited to a single century; instead, they can be responsible for reforms as witnessed in the past five centuries. Through coherent expounding of the universal claim of truth theory, he manages to sway the population from the path of relativism and skepticism to one that tolerates and acknowledges real differences among people.

The book further expounds on the presence of a combined ethical-political-philosophical perception that identified the advocating themes of Bartolome De Las Casas. Through the narration, the paper points to different philosophical anti-discourses that arose and goes further to explain the stand taken by Bartolome De Las Casas in the presence of those discourses. For example, violence is the first discourse followed by an explanation of the different uncertainties that existed. The lessons as a reformist are still applicable to the present world especially in a society that advocates for racism among its population.

This source is important as it introduces the concept of discourse. Furthermore, the book alerts to the justification of the stands taken by Bartolome De Las Casas in the face of dialogue. Rather than appeal to emotional factors, the paper presents factual findings and prediction that needed addressing. Sadly, few people carried Bartolome De Las Casas's vision, which is why, although his ideology was to reform, few people identified with it.

Ferguson, Lauren. "Genre and the Perception of Massacre: The Contrast of Medium through Bartolome de las Casas and Cildo Meireles." Undergraduate Research Journal (2015): 9. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/79442/camreyno.pdf?sequence. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

The paper presents Bartolome De Las Casas arguments against Sepulveda's treatise, a fit that offers a courageous act by the priest; he was going against a scholar experienced in learned combats. The opposition of Bartolome De Las Casas is evident and vehement. Bartolome De Las Casas championed Indian rights while preaching a message centering on peace and justice.

The paper goes on to illustrate the arguments brought forth by both parties, especially, Bartolome De Las Casas's apologia that was a natural narration and illustration of the priest's understanding of the Aristotelian arguments on natural slavery. The priest further goes to challenge the stand taken by Sepulveda on the lack of Indian ability to govern themselves and instead lays the blame on the conquerors. Going against a scholar specializing in legal matters put the priest at a disadvantage yet the fact that he still held his ground is worth appreciating.

This source is important for the article as it allows the audience to understand how far the priest was willing to go to make his point known. Additionally, the paper introduces those against the view held by the priest. Sepulveda presents justified perceptions he holds concerning Indian servitude. His arguments are warranted for the regime at the time, however, upon a close analysis compared to the priest's cases; it becomes apparent that the priest is hinged and focused on changing the world through a message of peace, harmony, and development.

Additionally, the paper introduces the path the priest had to take to realize his ambitions and dreams of reaching reformation face. Furthermore, the paper presents the opposition that must be undergone by different parties before the realization of their goals, which is an excellent description of Bartolome De Las Casas character.

Hanke, Lewis. Bartolome de las Casas: an interpretation of his life and writings. Springer, 2013. https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=FgTxCAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=who+is+bartolome+de+las+casas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiD3OLI8YzeAhUQx4UKHdgHAMM4ChDoAQhJMAc#v=onepage&q=who%20is%20bartolome%20de%20las%20casas&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

Hanks presents Bartolome De Las Casas as unpatriotic. However, the unpatriotic hinges on positivity instead of negativity. The book acknowledges the greatness of Bartolome De Las Casas even going ahead to assert to the whole world that, no description could help understand how great the guy was. The book announces his reason for being unpatriotic negating the cynical assumption that may exist and instead points to the reader to the dedication by Bartolome De Las Casas to condemn the injustices of his fellow countrymen.

Through the introduction, the book brings the issue of race in question helping the reader question the viability of competition in the society and the efforts that made Bartolome De Las Casas forsake his country for the sake of advocating the rights of Indians. The paper raises the question on the price of being patriotic, such that, in the face of so much horror and cruelty, what actions should be taken.

The importance of this source lies in the denouncing of the cruel treatment of Indians by Americans serves to illustrate the ideology of reformation he stood for. Reading the book raises the question of when one is supposed to go against common values that promote hatred and division in society. This was especially important in emphasizing the thesis statement that, Bartolome De Las Casas was a reformist that deserves more credit than he got.

Jaen, Isabel, and Julien Jacques Simon, eds. Cognitive Approaches to Early Modern Spanish Literature. Oxford University Press, 2016. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=SmHmCwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=who+is+Bartolome+de+las+Casas&ots=tH9MTHCDjP&sig=mQvVowvS-Nr9mtuXBvbG69QHGWA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Bartolome%20de%20las%20Casas&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

The author points to the human nature that Bartolome De Las Casas appealed to. His statement, "... they are the poorest people on the face of the earth; they own next to nothing and have no urge to acquire material possessions. As a result, they are neither ambitious nor greedy, and are in worldly power." Through his words, the priests point to the innocence of the Indians while appealing to the humane-nature of human beings.

By portraying the Indians as innocent people facing wolves bend on harming and destroying their properties and culture, the priest gives a face to the cruelty of the conquerors. The navigation from humor, to facts to emotional appeal, presents an individual focused on achieving their goals regardless of the trouble they may face.

This source is important as it points to a strategy used in most religious doctrines. Instead of appealing to logic and other factors, most religious systems appeal to the emotional aspect of human nature to see reason and make decisions based on how they feel. The book thus presents a minor explanation on how the priest intended to fulfill his mission. Additionally, although he was no longer speaking as a priest, his title of priesthood ensured he could tap into the particular religious position he had with the church. Therefore, whichever way one looks at the priest's reforms, the trend of using the church to further his goals is apparent.

Shenk, Wilbert R. "Christians, Social Location, and Religious Plurality." Christianity and Religious Plurality: Historical and Global Perspectives (2016): 49. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=en&lr=&id=fvZTDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA49&dq=Bartolom%C3%A9+de+Las+Casas:+Great+Prophet+of+the+Americas,+Volume+13+By+Paul+S.+Vickery&ots=qGnu72pJOy&sig=fGhy7zDy-zlLt7TExiuqSkJsOj0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Bartolom%C3%A9%20de%20Las%20Casas&f=false. Accessed 17 Oct. 2018.

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