Annotated Bibliography on Explaining Chinese Masculinity

Introduction

The research question that will be used in the final essay will be; explain the concept of Masculinity in China? The essay will be based on the Chinese concept of masculinity as it will look at the various aspects of sex and describe how this concept influences the study and understanding of Gender as a general concept. China is widely recognized to be a nation that constantly appreciates change and diversity in all aspects. Masculinity among the Chinese has seen a tremendous shift, which has been an attributive concept due to constant change in technology and the influence of western nations across the globe. Many nations have been considered to adopt the hegemonic concept of masculinity, but Chinese influence through soft power has been their style and an expression of masculinity (Bereswill, and Neuber, 2016, 87)

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Argument/Hypothesis

Masculinity outlines various aspects of gender variations, which many have been relating ever since. Masculinity has been, in most cases, referenced to gender, and that has been the view of various authors, and the main idea across the various texts has been produced to address the topic in question. To better understand the link between masculinity among the Chinese, then one must realize the ideal concept and the gradual transition that the Chinese have gone through since time to gain the ideal nature of their existence, and so will it be easier to get the interrelationship between them and masculinity (Connell, 2016, 236)

Masculinity is a concept that cuts across a big array of disciplines, and studying these concepts of masculinity among the Chinese is an ideal concept because, across the entire globe, China has had a different version of masculinity and the ways of expressing them. Unlike the other nations, China has explored and survived based on soft masculinity and soft power. Their dominance in an economic world where nations are hegemonic pegs the question of how and so is the underlying statement in the study. Understanding the concept of masculinity among the Chinese is, therefore, the best way to fully explore and understand this concept better (Duncanson, 2015, 233)

There are concepts that he has not fully explored, and this has attracted the attention of other scholars, these elements include; how the concept of psychoanalysis and subsequent application of life history as a case study to understanding masculinity is of essence among Chinese. The second concept is the essence of the non-hegemonic variance of masculinity, and lastly, the cathexis. It is getting to understand the concept of masculinity among the Chinese sets a basis for further research, which will offer better reference in a larger scope and length (Jewkes, Morrell, Hearn, Lundqvist, E., Blackbeard, Lindegger, Quayle, Sikweyiya, and Gottzen, , 2015, 115)

The argument on the topic helps the research have an insight on the topic and a clearer conceptualization of masculinity and how it influences gender, review of previous research and text helps largely in bridging the gap to understand the concept of masculinity and gender better. Masculinity and gender are interlinked concepts that can only be understood better if they are viewed as two concepts that define each other contextually and socially because it is a traditional concept that has since existed (Kosakowska-Berezecka, Besta, Adamska, Jaskiewicz, Jurek, and Vandello, 2016, 234)

Fowler, J.G., Chu, R., and Gentry, J.W., 2015, June. The Marginalized Masculinity: Exploring Masculinity from Chinese Male Models' Perceptive. In Annual Macromarketing Conference (p. 709).

The authors in this article were of the view to apply qualitative analysis to describe and analyze the gradual changes in male identity among the Chinese. The study highlights a unique concept that portrays the various changes that occur in the various developing worlds. In the view of looking at previous text on masculinity among developing nations, the article thus tends to present the foundation for the study of masculinity through a cultural lens.

The article helps in my research because it gives a study on a section of male models and their view on masculinity. The basis and findings in the study are a great source in forming a basis of understanding and knowledge on the main topic.

The concept of changing masculinity is an underlying topic cross the globe. The authors concluded that hegemonic masculinity is undergoing significant changes to maintain its position in society. Again, the changes may not be as a result of western influence, but rather it is a concept that varies among cultures, and therefore, to fully understand the topic, global research on the topic is what can best attribute to findings.

The limitation of this study is that it only concentrated on male models and not the general view of males in China. It thus leaves room for further research and study to cover and explore more on the topic. The article will not be the basis of my main study but a source of supplementary information for purposes of further research and understanding of masculinity among the Chinese in the broader scope.

Kong, T.S., 2019. Be a Responsible and Respectable Man: Two Generations of Chinese Gay Men Accomplishing Masculinity in Hong Kong. Men and Masculinities, p.1097184X19859390.

The article is a contemporary analysis of masculinity among Chinese, and it has helped in the understanding of my research as it basis its argument on masculinity among the gays, which is a hard concept to sell among the Chinese culture as they have known not to welcome such a direction among their men.

The article is a presentation of a dialogue between generational sexuality and masculinity studies. The article compares two aspects of men in China Hong Kong, who are gays. The article brings out a sociohistorical and change in politics that has since shaped the identity of male masculinity in China. The effect of culture and the colonial experience in Hong Kong and the identification of responsibility among the Chinese is a presentation in the article that helps in my study of Masculinity among the Chinese.

The article is the view that gay masculinities in China is quickly rising against traditional cultures. It is a study that looks at the continual changes in the practices of masculinity as embedded in various social units, thus giving a better understanding of the transformative changes that the Chinese generations have experience in the journey of masculinity. The article is not the main source of my research but a contemporary study that helps in shaping my view of the transformative phase that China has gone through as far as masculinity is concerned.

The article brings out an essential aspect of masculinity, but its limitation is that it was based in one locality and not a presentation of the general view of the China nationals, this aspect thus allows for further research to be undertaken on the topic as it will allow for better scrutiny concerning masculinity.

References

Bereswill, M., and Neuber, A., 2016. Marginalized masculinity, precarisation and the gender order. In Framing Intersectionality (pp. 83-102). Routledge.

Connell, R.W., 2016. Masculinity politics on a world scale. Women in culture: An intersectional anthology for gender and women's studies, pp.234-38.

Duncanson, C., 2015. Hegemonic masculinity and the possibility of change in gender relations. Men and Masculinities, 18(2), pp.231-248.

Fowler, J.G., Chu, R., and Gentry, J.W., 2015, June. The Marginalized Masculinity: Exploring Masculinity from Chinese Male Models' Perceptive. In Annual Macromarketing Conference (p. 709).

Jewkes, R., Morrell, R., Hearn, J., Lundqvist, E., Blackbeard, D., Lindegger, G., Quayle, M., Sikweyiya, Y. and Gottzen, L., 2015. Hegemonic masculinity: combining theory and practice in gender interventions. Culture, health & sexuality, 17(sup2), pp.112-127.

Kong, T.S., 2019. Be a Responsible and Respectable Man: Two Generations of Chinese Gay Men Accomplishing Masculinity in Hong Kong. Men and Masculinities, p.1097184X19859390.

Kosakowski-Berezecka, N., Besta, T., Adamska, K., Jaskiewicz, M., Jurek, P. and Vandello, J.A., 2016. If my masculinity is threatened I will not support gender equality? The role of agentic self-stereotyping in restoration of manhood and perception of gender relations. Psychology of men & masculinity, 17(3), p.274.

Lyon, E.S., and Morris, L. eds., 2016. Gender relations in public and private: new research perspectives. Springer.