The Brexit Deal and Its Implications on Immigrations and Borders Essay

Introduction

Initially, the UK joined the European Union to enhance its trade relations with the other member states. More so, the primary objective was to improve the free trade corporation and free investment in the countries that form part of the union. However, with the Brexit in place, various areas are likely to be affected, for instance, the policy that allows free movement of individuals between member states will stop. But, Van der Eijk (2018) argues that trade relations are affected by power, conflict, and cooperation; this is evident in the challenges of the Brexit deal for EU and UK. Therefore, this paper will focus on the relationship between the Brexit agreement, and the problem of immigration and borders by analyzing the issue using Vander Eijik's conceptual framework.

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Conceptualization of the Basic Concepts from Van der Eijik that I consider relevant in the Light of Immigration and Borders

Van der Eijk (2018), argues that politics can be defined as a set of characteristics in which no features are compulsory; meaning the attributes can be combined in different ways. Also, he asserts that politics can be best understood through two concepts. Domain perspective concept argues that politics only exist in the specific, demarcated sphere of human relations. On the other hand, the aspect perspective concept holds that politics is an aspect of virtually all forms of human interactions and human behavior. Therefore, aspect perspective differs from the domain perspective in that it views politics as matters beyond the domain of the government, state, and public administration; thus politics can incorporate sector like a business, health care, personal relations, and education. Hence, according to the above argument, one can argue that the issue of Brexit is political in that it affects all the matters of human interaction, for instance, the effect of immigration and borders; this impacts the relationship between the UK and other countries. More so, Robert Dahl defines a political concept as any matter that affects human relationships by using significant authority, power or rule (Van der Eijk 2018).

Nevertheless, Van der Eijk (2018) argues that politics are as a result of cooperation and conflict between individuals and groups concerning the settlement of societal or communal issues. Additionally, the author contends that conflict arises as a result of incompatibility of what individuals want in the society as well as scarcity. Further, the author adds that politics involve cooperation and conflict about the settlement of a system in doubt, especially when the interactions between different sides are not strictly regulated. Moreover, politics allocates and defines power that helps in making collective decisions; this situation applies to the issue of Brexit where political leaders voted in the referendum. Furthermore, Brexit would allow the UK government to have powers that would impact the free movement of individuals between the member states of the European Union.

Moreover, Van der Eijk (2018) asserts that politics is about outcomes; hence there are actors. The author defines actors as institutions, collective groups, and individuals who actively engage in politics. Actors are motivated by their views on the political world, for instance, the perception of other political actors and their motivations. Also, they seek to know how politics work through power, force, negotiation, and compromise. Brexit is not an exception in that the UK forced its way out of the EU through a popular vote. Lastly, the author summarizes that politics is about conflict and that one conflict can be linked to another as a result of various reasons, for example, strategic considerations, happenstance or convenience. Therefore, from this perspective, one can examine the issue of immigration and borders from a Brexit's perception or expectation.

A Brief and Factual Description of the Case: The Conclusion of the Brexit Negotiations

The EU allows the movement of people and goods between the member states. Moreover, it has its parliament as well as a set of rules in a wide range of areas, for example, consumer rights, transport, mobile phone charges and environment (BBC 2018). However, the choice for a Brexit was as a result of the problem of immigration and borders in the UK. In 2004, several nations of Eastern and Central Europe were able to join the European Union, and unlike Germany, the UK did not impose a seven-year block on individuals from the new member states; this increased the net immigration in the country considerably. As a result, the migration affected the United Kingdom economy, housing market, jobs and access to essential services (Olusoga 2018). Hence, a Brexit would serve as an excellent solution to the country's problems.

According to Springford (2013), the migration of individuals from the A8 was much larger than what the United Kingdom had anticipated; on October 2013, there were around one million individuals from the A8 countries living in the UK. Further, the per capita income of individuals from the new member states constituted around one-third that of Britain. Hence the earnings of immigrants are much higher than they would receive in their countries; this attracted a lot of immigrants in the UK. The immigration and border issue put the government in a dilemma. First, immigration increased the country's economic growth. On the other hand, the situation had no impact on the pre-existing British population. Thus, Brexit would pave the way for the government to solve the dilemma.

However, (Springford 2013), argues that Brexit would reduce migration, but affect the social life of people in need. Additionally, restrictive movement in the United Kingdom will imply that the political leaders are impulsive to the solutions of that effect on the world and the quest for migrants to find a place to settle. Also, the mass sending away of people from the UK would translate to the violation of human rights since many people who travel into the UK have changed there they are citizenship that's will be forced to move out of the nation to find the way back into their countries of birth.

In the referendum debate about Brexit, the primary idea behind the UK's withdraw of membership from the U is that it would allow more control of immigrants to the United Kingdom and from the rest of the European Union. Most individuals are concerned that high levels of immigration threaten their wages, quality of life as well as wages. There is enormous research examining the effect of immigration on wages and jobs, and the conclusion is that the massive immigration has not significantly affected the wage and job prospects of the UK born workers (Wadsworth et al. 2016).

Becker and Fetzer (2017) argue that immigration has always been at the heart of the United Kingdom's general election campaign, and it was an essential issue in the British referendum. Also, the idea for Britain taking control of its borders was the primary reason why the leaders choose the Brexit. The submission of article 50 withdrawal notification by Theressa May to the European union portrayed that people in occurrence with a commonwealth accepted the negotiation agreement to withdraw from the European Union. A consensus decision by the political actors contributed to the signing of the Brexit deal.

Conclusion

Numerous studies reveal that Brexit will affect the British currency; this will result in a downfall to trade relations as well as transform the free movement of people, including slaves into the nation that's implying that the British political system is impulsive to the problems affecting the world. Also, Brexit will change trade relations since Theresa May said that the nation would have to draft tariffs that will prevent immigration into the United Kingdom. Consequently, many countries will be affected by the fact that various economic developments and investments have been laid into the United Kingdom. Most of the workforce in the United Kingdom comes from other nations that the nation will be affected since it will lack enough human resources to ensure the country progresses well in its economic progression.

Therefore, one would conclude that the Brexit negotiations were a conflict; this is because Van der Eijk argues that politics always have an outcome, and in this case, there was a referendum that resulted in a Brexit. However, the author asserts that politics is about conflicts and that conflicts are as a result of factors such as a strategic consideration. Hence, Brexit was as a result of the problem of immigration and borders that individuals believed to affect their jobs, wages and the quality of life.

References

BBC (2018). Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU. [online]. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32810887

BECKER, Sascha O and FETZER, Thiemo (2017). Immigration continues to be unpopular but cutting it will hurt Britain's economy. [online]. Last accessed 5 June. https://theconversation.com/immigration-continues-to-be-unpopular-but-cutting-it-will-hurt-britains-economy-78645

OLUSOGA, David (2018). Instead of immigration myths we now have facts. But will we act upon them? [online]. Last accessed 23 September. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/23/instead-of-immigration-myths-we-now-have-facts-will-we-act-upon-them

SPRINGFORD, John (2013). Is immigration a reason for Britain to leave the EU. Center for European Reform, 1-12.

VAN DER EIJK, Cees (2018). The essence of politics. Amsterdam University Press B.V.

WADSWORTH, Jonathan, et al. (2016). Brexit and the Impact of. Center for economic performance, (5), 1-22.