Research Paper on Hooliganism Fading Away in Modern British Football

Introduction

Whenever you scrutinize official statistics, you will notice that hooliganism is a havoc fading off in the world of modern British football. Nowadays, the stadia of football are innocuous and hospitable environs; they offer a variety of conducive facilities with plenty of quality for the supporters to enjoy. Violence by supporters inside the stadia is rarely experienced nowadays. Nevertheless, hooliganism does occur. However, it happens on a partial gauge, and sometimes it occurs away from the environment of the stadium. Since the invention of football, the game has always been obliged as a proxy for setting scores. Relatively, in the current progressions of British football firms, it is a reply to the tensions entrenched deep in the male character, beliefs, and rituals. There are numerous stern regulations and precautions of safety that have aided in eradicating hooligan gangs in Britain football. Despite these efforts, there are various nations where football hooliganism has flourished. This review illustrates multiple instances of British football firms' hooligans. They include the following;

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The Millwall Football Hooligans

Notably, this football club based in East London has the most notorious hooligans in the country. This is according to Nick Jardine, an employee of the Business Insider who had hitherto worked at the Spin Magazine. He also had worked at the trade periodical known as the American Metal Market. He has a master's in the field of journalism acquired at Columbia University. Nick illustrated that thuggery seemed to be part of the Millwall football club's heritage. In the year 2009, Millwall fans clashed with West Ham fans.

Additionally, in the year 1978, Millwall fans were barred from hosting a cup match for two years. This happened after they had thrown stones at the supporters who had traveled to cheer their team. This context proves that the source is an ethnographic source describing people's culture and their customs. However, the relevance of this material is that it also shows the consequences of football hooliganism. In 2002, Millwall lost to Birmingham City. This prompted the arrest and sentencing of over 900 fans who had started pelting police and security guards with stones.

The West Ham Football Hooligans (Inter City Firm) In the United States of America

This material was written down by Tom Leonard. He was a renowned poet, author, and critic from Scotland. He offered adequate content on topics related to language, class, and culture. According to Tom, trouble erupted after a handful of West Ham football club's supporters made their way to the north-eastern side of the stadium where the Columbus Crew fans were seated. The two groups started invocation at each other, prompting to the throwing of fistfights. This compelled the police and security staff to use force to disperse the sides.

The track record of West Ham football fans whose notorious hooligan element enjoys one of the worst reputations in the football of Britain was everything to be compared with that of Columbus Crew. This proves that the author had done some study concerning the culture of West Ham fans; hence, the source is ethnographic. The material goes further to inform the readers about the consequences that followed the incident. Multiple fans were arrested, charged, and the respective clubs fined.

The Aston Villa Hardcore Firm

This hooligan's firm has been in existence since the year 1993. It has been involved in numerous hooligan fights within the content and Britain too. Though the firm is still in existence currently, it has been marginalized efficiently and successfully. The hardcore firm has conflicted with another firm known as the Birmingham Zulus numerously.

It has an affiliation with another firm known as The Villains. In 2002, the historical battle of rocky lane happened. This was after a game between Villa and Birmingham City, and it led to 15 arrests. Moreover, in the year 2005, a member of the firm by the name Steven Fowler was jailed for a further twelve months. This came as an extension for the earlier six months he was serving before.

Portsmouth 6:57 Football Firm

This firm is related to the Portsmouth football club, and it was named after the 6.57 am a train. This firm was one of the most recognized firms in the 1980s, which caused havoc across the country. In the year 2001, Portsmouth 6:57 brawled with Coventry City football club fans at an away match, tearing apart the seats and hurling missiles at them.

In 2004, 93 members of the firm were arrested. This was inclusive of a ten-year-old lad who went ahead to become Britain's youngest-ever convicted football hooligan. This was after their involvement in mass riots before and after a game against opponents Southampton. About one hundred Portsmouth hooligans were barred from visiting the 2006 World Cup in Germany.

Chelsea Headhunters

This firm is related to the renowned Chelsea football club. This firm is notorious for its racism. In 1999, the members of the firm were subverted by an undercover BBC reporter who postured as a potential affiliate but went ahead to acquire the erroneous lion tattoo. This prompted a risky fault that raised eyebrows among the members of the firm. Additionally, Kevin Whitton was sentenced to serve life imprisonment in 1985. This was after an attack that was viewed as one of the worst occurrences of football hooliganism.

Credible Sources about Hooliganism

The journal by Dart (2008), describes the confessional tales from the previous football hooligans. The diary describes the violence which happened from the 1960s to the 1980s in football. This journal is credible since it reviews the content, historical context, and the contribution of hooliganism in football. The article uses biographical information to collect data since it is challenging to find useful data. Also, the journal uses the biography written by affluent and influential elites. The journal identifies a diverse range of books and clubs with whom ex-hooligans identified themselves. The texts used in this journal are published by recognized authors, and the publications consist of clear information on hooligan actions. Also, the books include violent content that is present in football.

The article by Dart (2008), utilizes the concept of relativism in assessing the different types of writing. Despite the contextualization of texts, one can expect several accounts of whatever is happening. Also, some of the books used in these texts might fail to deliver since the authors are self-aggrandizement that leaves an individual with different written styles, such as a fantasy. The source is ethnographic as it assesses the hoolie-lit titles of Chelsea and West Ham that are termed to possess the vital information of hooliganism.

The article matters since it describes the confessional tales from the previous football hooligans. The source compares hooliganism that was experienced in Chelsea and West Ham. Also, through the use of the holistic aspect, this source compares and describes vandalism between the 1960s and the 1990s. The article by Dart (2008) also tells the truth about the biographical accounts and the extent to which the information can be compared accurately from the biographical reports which are directly involved. Therefore, by telling the truth, and assessing the contribution of football hooliganism makes the source to provide information that matters to the readers.

The journal by Leeson, Snow& Smith (2012), analyzes about hooligans since it develops theories of hooliganism as the rational agents. The source indicates that hooligans are individuals who obtain their utility from getting involved in a conflict. The hooligans tend to develop a fight club whenever the legal penalties are applied due to conflicts. Therefore, whenever there is the growth of sadists among the fight club members, the club ends up getting destructed.

The source by Leeson (et al., 2012) utilizes relativism and holism concepts in compromising the challenge developed due to hooliganism. Through the use of the relativism concept, the authors compare the traditional economies to the current contests of various resources. This article matters since it considers the development of privacy rules that are warring the hostiles. Also, the rules tend to regulate conflicts between persons who think they can obtain utilities after clashing with different people. Therefore, the source is connected to various sports, thus exploring the norms that emerge in games.

References

Dart, J. (2008). Confessional tales from former football hooligans: a nostalgic, narcissistic wallow in football violence. Soccer & Society, 9(1), 42-55. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/4776546/Soccer_and_Society_Confessional_tales_from_former_football_hooligans_a_nostalgic_narcissistic_wallow_in_football_violence

Leeson, P. T., Smith, D. J., & Snow, N. A. (2012). Hooligans. Revue d'economie politique, 122(2), 213-231. Retrieved from https://www.peterleeson.com/Hooligans.pdf