Research Paper on Homosexuality as a Sub-Concept of Psychology

Introduction

Psychology involves emotions and the process of the mind. It is a situation that involves analyzing the brain and the surrounding activities associated with the environment. Naturally, it is reviewing the traits of an individual through how they think and feel. It is a science that analyzes the mind and the individual's behavior. Psychology, however, can be studied from various varieties such as health, education, and cognitive aspects, among others. Psychology can be in the concept of comparative analysis, counseling, and behavioral, among others. The history of psychology is the study of the mind back to the Greek ancient time in evaluating the self-conscious aspect of experiments in the past years. It is crucial, however, to determine the past diversity and to compare with the present to analyze the revolution aspect. This paper analyses the history of homosexuality as a sub-concept of psychology.

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How it Started

The term homosexuality began with Karl-Maria, a journalist who emphasized the aspects of sodomy laws. His main goal of this concept was to outline the differences between homosexual and heterosexual (Ferguson, 2016). Later in the year, the term was translated to an English word in the 19th century to represent psychopathia sexualis. The aim of this was to identify various forms of social behavior. The history of homosexuality traces back to the 19th century when this activity began. Homosexuality refers to the sexual attraction of a person of one's sex. The societal concept of relating to the same-sex aspect has been evaluated differently over time. It has undergone history where all men have engaged in the same relationship to performing typical integration and others, considering it to be a form of sin to being enhanced by the law and leading to death penalties.

Homosexuality in the United States

Homosexuality in the United States has changed its ideas on homosexuality according to a medical concept to being a part of an individual (Hegarty, 2017). It explains that homosexuality is not a medical problem but rather a decision that a person decides to take based on their sexual orientation. It has undergone various revolutions were people were prosecuted from engaging in this act to being an act that is accepted by many cultures in the contemporary world. Many individuals who are homosexual are advocating for equal treatment in various aspects of the environment. Many movements in the 19th century developed to support and disregarded the act of homosexuality in the communities. However, influential individual leaders led to its development and spread across society.

The concept of homosexuality is termed to be unrighteous by many individuals and has undertaken various forms to its implementation in the contemporary world. In early 1976, a comparison between how people feel about the relationship of same-sex was conducted in the ethnographic analysis by Gwen Broude (Wotherspoon, 2016). He aimed to identify through the standard cross-cultural concepts the attitudes of people. In the outline, the conclusion was that many people did agree with the aspect of homosexuality in the 42 communities the research was conducted. However, others considered that it was not desirable and did not outline that they deserve punishments. Various people, however, criticized the idea and outlined punishments to follow. In a sample of 70 societies, homosexuality was found to be present in the 29 communities while the others were uncommon.

After analysis and research, ancient Greece established that some people accepted the concept. Therefore, in other cultures, they valued homosexuality to be a form of transgression against the established laws and not approved. This was influenced and directed by Abrahamic religions, where they disregarded sodomy and valued the need of the churches and the law. Homosexuality has been established to be a form of identity, and its basis is on attractions that a person has to the same sex that is facilitated by related behaviors in the society. Multiple pieces of evidence have been suggested in ancient times to support the biological impacts of sexual orientation.

Various historical figures were established to represent homosexuality like the Hadrian, and many researchers evaluated this as a risk of introducing a completely ineffective and new thing in the contemporary world of sexuality (Shapiro & Powell, 2017). In the middles ages of ancient times, many people did not experience homosexuality as a way of sexuality concepts.

The Americans, however, in the European colonization, many individuals valued the aspect of respecting the social norms based on homosexual and other gender sex issues. Yet, in the various communities worldwide and indigenous cultures have the character of respecting the community values still exists in the contemporary environment. Diverse communities criticized homosexuality. Individuals who accepted homosexuality were called urban neologism, while those who rejected it were termed as the western binary implications. The aspect of homosexuality spread across the European communities quickly and managed the pre-conquest civilizations. The Spanish conquer feared the issue of sodomy, and this tried to stop the acts among the native people through the berdaches with severe consequences that would involve public execution.

Homosexuality in East Asia

In East Asia, however, the act of homosexuality spread since the aerialist periods and was regarded as a cut sleeve. This was used in describing the behaviors to refer to men who practiced homosexuality (Stearns, 2017). The comparison and analysis of the people in China who practiced this act were differentiated through age and their social position in society-creating same-sex affection altered how the communities functioned and changed many individuals. It created romance among the people of the same period and described various interactions associated with this aspect.

Homosexuality in Japan

In Japan, however, it was regarded as shudo and was considered to have a connection with the Buddhist monastic life and the tradition of samurai. Homosexuality created robust tradition systems, and many people celebrated the interaction of the same-sex relationship that documented literature (Copley, 2019). Japan embraced the aspect of homosexuality and allowed this act into its culture and changed their traditions models.

Homosexuality in Thailand

In Thailand, the members of the society were created by the boys and male lovers. It became a significant feature for the community for a very long time, and transvestism was known as the third gender. The legal prohibitions were not put across in Thailand, and the practice became an open activity and allowed homosexual behavior.

The arts and objects in modern Europe originated from ancient Greek history to promote same-sex relationships. It was regarded as a form of population control where the adult and free-born males were highly considered in the society though many insisted that it caused disorders in the communities. Plato started his writings while advocating for the act but later encouraged its prohibition (Bullough, 2019). He linked the concept of homosexuality to democracy and stated that the law was shameful due to its government functions, and rulers should not endanger their people with mediocre ideas and physical unions in enhancing same-sex relationships. Aristotle, however, disregarded the opinion of Plato and emphasized the benefits it created in society and developed special honor while regulating the population.

The female homosexuality is known in antiquity, where Sappho, in the Greeks, refers to the nine lyric poets. The act of lesbianism and Sapphic came to be applied as homosexuality in the 19th century. The poets were centered out of love and passion for all genders, yet less is explained in the acts of the women. In ancient Rome, homosexuality remained to be between the older men and the younger men slaves (Kite & Bryant, 2016). Emperor Theodosius 1 enforced the act of homosexuality and regarded it to be a healthy sex relationship like for women. Individuals who did not abide as per these rules were punished by avenging the flames in the presence of the people.

Towards the end of his rule, Justinian also found an active partner and disregarded the acts insisting that it would lead to the wrath of God. Through this, vast taxes were collected from the brothels of boys who involved themselves in homosexuality until the end of his ruling period (Wake, 2019). At the Renaissance, more affluent cities engaged in homosexuality and formed itself to the partners of Rome and Greece.

While various states kept engaging the act of same-sex relationships, the authorities, especially of aegis, were focused on prosecuting and imprisoning people who were found conducting homosexuality. A large segment of the population was fined, and the reason these acts reduce was contributed by the rise of power of the Girolamo. The figures established tend to outline the problem and included the pamphlets in the streets. The books promoting homosexuality were removed, and defenses of homosexuality novels were published like Thomas Cannon's various books were written and published, and homosexual acts continued to the Netherlands in 1835.

Karl Ulrichs became the first individual to write a book and proclaim to be involved in homosexuality and anticipated for laws of the anti-homosexual. Havelock Ellis, however, changed the perception of many people through creating theories that were against homosexuality and regarded the practice as being abnormal. All members of the public did not read the texts, and it developed Magnus scientific revolution meetings that undertook campaigns against the anti-sodomy laws. However, many articles promoting homosexuality were published, and homosexuality was analyzed as a medical problem but ethical.

Reasons for Homosexuality

Harry Hay highly led the Mattachine society, and he influenced people to start homosexuality. He started developing national attention, and this was when the homosexual acts began. However, various movements were established to dismiss homosexual federal employees. Homosexuality in the U.S comprises of the gay lesbians, and bisexual. Many social movements developed to advocate for homosexuality and acceptance in the communities. The main goal that drove these social movement groups was to enhance the need for social equality. The homosexual movements in the contemporary environment are made; up of cultural and political activism.

Many people in the U.S celebrate their pride through homosexuality and are a form of maintaining their rights. The social movement that's fighting for homosexual tends to have issues through having a common interest (Lipkin, 2018). The leaders of this movement hide the masculine lesbians and transgender, leading to internal divisions. The demonstrations, however, have led these groups to be regarded as a particular fixed class of people in the societies.

In 1951, they began to sponsor the groups that facilitated homosexuals to share their experiences and internal disagreements associated with their states. This created an exciting opportunity for the groups; it involved emotional attributes, and this developed within time. The society's statement of the mission statement promoted the gay liberation movement by identifying two vital aspects of challenging anti-discrimination and created the development of a gay community. The community, however, had to undertake these acts with pressure through the anti-communist time (Knauer, 2016). The movements combined to create a stable political power and a coalition that changed the objectives and accomplishments of the communities.