Lab Report Example on Atmospheric Properties

What causes most of the big absorption features in the VNIR model?

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There are evidently big absorption models when using Visible Near Infrared (VNIR) technology in measuring the atmospheric pressure. The graph below shows the thermal emissions of energy from the earth surface to the atmosphere due to the changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure. Hence, the big absorption features are contributed when the earth revolves and some areas are exposed to more heat. The big absorption is the infrared records of the wavelength range at greater precision.

List the values for transmissivity at 1.06, 0.94, and 1.39 microns. How do your values for transmissivity for the Tropical model compare with what you observed for the US Model standard atmosphere?

The US Model of standard closely differs from the Tropical Model in comparison primarily because of the heat patterns. The US Model of standard closely differs from the Tropical Model in comparison primarily because of the heat patterns, primarily noting the differences that are registered based on the H20 and O3 profiles. The values for transmissivity range from 0.94, 1.06 and 1.39 respectively. The values for transmissivity change with the change of the atmospheric pressure that leads to the rise in O3 or H20 content in the atmosphere. The US standard model of the tropical model of the atmosphere are based on the basic model where the temperature changes because of the upwards force of H20, co2 and CH4. In the tropics, there is a higher tendency for H20 and CO2 accumulation which the infrared captures as ultraviolet visible filters that are evaporated in the air for automation.

What is the most likely difference in the atmosphere that is responsible for the observed differences in transmissivity?

In the model, the two models have striking differences. In the US model, the differences are striking because it has lower meteorological variables that include temperature pressure and quantity of water vapor, which registers disturbed visibility. The initial and the final altitudes relate closely to the horizontal distances and the angle between earth and the zenith angle both of which have striking geometrical configurations that are allowable. The differences are based on the initial and the final attitudes as well as the horizontal distances. In addition, in the tropics, there is a higher rate of molecular absorptions as compared to the US model.

Why is there a change in the transmissivity at 0.94 mm and not at 1.39 mm?

The change in transitivity from 0.94 mm and not at 1.39 mm is based on the sub-horizontal fractures that show considerate increase. The transitivity change in the two locations is transferred to 10 small scale fracture network realization that is selected to represent various anisotropies and the continuum of classes. The small scale up scaling procedure was used repeately to determine the strategic modification of fracture networks that are used to evaluate the conductivities. In the tropic model, more continuum heating behavior leads to the changes in behavior observed. The change of 0.94 mm and not at 1.39 mm is because at 0.94 mm there was considerably lower wavelength, which led to the higher absorption of solar energy. At 1.39 mm, the slight turbulence of the atmospheric pressure narrows increases the wavelength, which lead to less absorption of laser energy.

Describe the difference between the transmissivity at 60 km and 6 km at 7.0, 9.0, 9.5, and 14 micron wavelengths.

Inclusively, there is a practical difference between the transmissivity at 60km and 6km at point 7.0, 9,0, 9.5, and 15 micron wavelengths because of the different wave lengths that results to the changes in the immediate wind speed. The quantitative relationship between the speed is based on the percentage involvement of wind which is best defined through a general correlation coefficient trend. The US model experiences more rapid winds as compared to the tropic model. In such case, the US model experiences a different temperature resolution that has been registered using two primary parameters. The noise-equivalent temperature differences is based on the temperature differences that creates a change in the output voltage that is equal to the peak-to-peak noise voltages and the is faced by the minimum resolvable temperature differences that have a lower limit temperature through the differences between the background surface and the array of strips.

What atmospheric properties would explain your observations?

Weather is influenced by a combined reaction of atmospheric properties for instance precipitation, temperature, wind direction, humidity, cloud type, and cloud cover that explains the locality of weather. While combined, these properties gradually influence the output voltage, noise voltage and the resolvable temperature differences between the lower limit of temperature and the differences in array.

What gas is the most prominent absorber of radiance in the atmosphere at visible through thermal infrared wavelengths?

From the model, carbon dioxide (co2) is the most prominent gas that acts as an absorber in the atmosphere. The wavelength intensity peaks on the earth radiation field that is longer than that of the solar radiation. The spectral distribution of radiance being emitted by the sun and passing the ozone layer is recorded through contueer lines that run irregularly from each. In this case, the measured atmospheric emission spectrum is obtained from the infrared interferometer spectrometer (IRIS) component. Other important gases include H20 "vapor", ozone, nitrous oxide, methane, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide that are relative absorbers of heat. The spectral region corresponds to the maximum intensity in the planet function and wave number domain.

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Include these plots in your write-up.

How are the modeled radiances similar and different from the surface emissivity spectra and the surface

temperature Planck radiance?

There are differences between modeled radiances and the satellite radiance observation. Surface emissivity depends on the zenith angle, refractive, polarization, and roughness of the surface. On the other hand, surface emissivity spectra provides a technique for measuring a in shadow method of spectral emissivity. Spectral surface emission is calculated using a plank function of emissivity spectra where the radiances are synthesized using a spectral function. In both modeled radiance and the surface emissivity spectra, surface pressure creates an important aspect for broadening pressure and spectral lines for surface pressure.

Could you interpret the composition of the surface from the spectral shape of the modeled radiances? Do the relative differences between the modeled radiance spectra make sense?

There is a composition of spectral shape of the modeled radiances and the spectral shape for accurate modeling and underwater light fields and water-leaving radiance of the water. Using radioactive transfer model simulation, it is notable that the information of spectral shape depends on a vertical structure that is important for backscattering process. While combined, the spectral shape is accurate for modeling for underwater light fields that are important for radioactive transfer models. The composition is a result of the overall agreement that is observed spectral shapes and intensities that are reasonable. The spectral senility to the source and observation parameters through a modeled simulation that relate with each other based on the nominal values. The relative differences make sense because the two models aid each other in developing assumptions and theories of ultraviolet light.

How do atmospheric transmission and surface emissivity modify surface Planck radiance?

Under the Plank Law, the atmospheric transmission is computed as a function. The goal is determined the slant path of the surface. Given that emissivity and the atmosphere equals to a range of absorptive, the radiance where the layer is distributed equally based on the ability to absorb data. The radiance is modified slightly through the resulted integrated in the entire path of radiance. The net radiance is found through multiplying the radiance from the step of transmission to the step of adding the radiance found in the system. The radiance is in this case the space background that is modified through the atmospheric pressure. While at run time, the radiance functions are numerically or graphically integrated to each other.

What is the atmospheric path length (in meters) at the center of the image and at the left and right edges?

The atmospheric path length is measured in meters because it involves averaging through meters of the actual atmospheric path length. The resulted configuration is adopted through flight measurements that require different path analysis methods for stability requirements. The calculated distance is based on the overall agreement between observed spectral shapes and the intensities of data that are reasonable. The prediction emission spectra vary on different model parameters. The differences in path length are based on fluctuations of results that are used to measure atmospheric density near the ground that in this case is initialized between 20-30m above the ground.

What is the source of the haze (Mie scattering, Rayleigh scattering, or both)? Why is the center of the image less hazy than the sides? Can you explain why the left side of the image is more hazy than the right?

Given the haze consists of scattered lights. In controlling photography and making the best photos, the red card and the blue card are placed side and side through different cues where the centers of the two images are farther apart through the pupils for their eyes and vary between individuals. In addition, the camera design seconded by the illumination intensity across the film, exposes the camera to the cloud variations, atmospheric haze where the camera tries to capture a multi-image normalization and viewing angle.

Think about the geometry of the observation relative to the Sun.

Based on the haze problem, the observer is required to continuously change the geometry of the camera when capturing advanced spectra systems such as the sunrays. An advance photographer, will gradually learn to space time in relation to the magnitude of the vector which provide a better subjectivity and the direction of the actual position to the equal places. The equation provides a general knowledge to the observer that provides appropriate calculation in reflection to the zero point of measurement.

How is this image different from the Band 1 image? Explain why it is different

In editing the image, the image is differentiated and classified based on the bands. The classification determines a class from user-defined through image pixel. The relationship between reflected, recorded in satellite image and thematic class are within the different objects and single class that operate on the established classes. In grouping, pixels with almost similar characteristics are grouped together to enhance the clarity of these pictures.

Which images show the most detail?

Images taken in refractive light seem to show most detail, because in the process of refraction the light is evenly distributed from different corners.

Which show the least? Explain the differences between the images in terms of atmospheric absorptions (use your plots of atmospheric transmissivity and the image on page 3 of this lab to help).

Clarity is achieved by grouping images with electromagnetic energy detect in remote sensing instruments that have optical region in spectrum and consists a mixture of energy...