Essay Example on Stanzas on Freedom: Slavery as a Universal Issue

Introduction

The poem, Stanzas on Freedom, argues that slavery is a universal issue. In 1843, the problem of slavery was still existent, even though many had already bought their freedom. According to Lowell, both men and women are contributing to the existence of slavery (5-10). The men are claiming to be born to fathers who are free and brave, even though they themselves are imprisoned in chains of callousness and cowardice when they witness others being enslaved. Women are blamed for giving birth to men who will be subjected to slavery, but are still not doing anything to act against this aspect that will impact their off springs in future.

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This poem is a good reflection of its time since despite being free, many people were still experiencing different forms of discriminations. These are what Lowell likens to slavery as he feels like equality should not have limits. Although the people were no longer being held in chains, the fact that they would stand and witness others being subjected to various forms of discrimination is in itself an act of slavery (21-24).

A free person should be able to stand up for the weak in the society without fearing anything. Also, if one decides to ignore an act simply because they are scared of being ridiculed or abused, he or she is still a slave. It is better to speak up and be considered a minority, than reconsider the truth and remain silent.

Therefore, these are some of the truths which have been described in the poem in relation to the issue of slavery and discrimination that took place in the 1800s. Although many claimed that they were free men, a lot of inequality and discriminated still dominated the society. The black man was on the receiving end of all these actions, where many were mistreated and used by the white man.

James' Rhetorical Purpose

Being a performer is not an easy task as any negative comments and bashing can significantly impact self-esteem and one's confidence. The same is what Mr. Henry Irving had to go through from Henry James who was only focused on offering criticism. James shares his negative feelings towards Mr. Irving's Macbeth by using litotes, diction, and expressive tones.

James uses litotes to show the reader the level of displeasure he felt watching the play in the first place. He indicates that the first appearance of actors yield "not a little disappointment." He also argues that they were "not of a kind that provokes enthusiasm." The irony in these litotes is evident, which is why the reader experiences a humorous effect from the witty comments.

Looking further into the critique, James makes use of pathos to try and convince the audience that Mr. Irving's Macbeth is a dull and uneventful play. He argues, "Imaginative he can hardly be called, for he signally fails to give their great imaginative value to many of the superb speeches he has to utter." This language implies that Irving can destroy even the best speeches with his kind of acting. He further comments on the personal girst of Irving, such as his face, body figure, and even voice. Such diction influence the audience to also believe that Irving is not the best actor.

The use of humorous tones throughout the entire review leaves the audience with feelings of humor. By using positive words then negating them, James triggers the humorous feeling since the review does not sound like it is bashing Irving. He argues that the play is more of an act handled by a superior amateur. The use of the word 'superior' removes most of the focus from 'amateur.'

This review is not only humiliating but harsh. The use of humor and sarcasm makes it a bearable message, despite the truth being that the play is not worth watching. The audience is led to believe that Mr. Irving is an actor to avoid.