Essay Example on Justice System: Challenges & Agencies' Functions

Introduction

The Justice department contains four (4) agencies. They have primary functions within them that have a great responsibility. Some weaknesses exist within the (UCR) and (NCIC). According to the Mintzeverg model, the chief executive officers play a significant role in the justice system. There also exist two legislative enactments that are useful in combating terrorism. Different challenges are faced when approximating the number of cases of hate crimes and how they are different from other cases.

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The Justice department contains four (4) significant agencies. They include the bureau of investigations, the alcohol, tobacco firearms and (ATF), the drug enforcement administration, and the Us Martial services (USMS). Under these agencies, the federal bureau of investigation has significant priorities when it comes to |justice. Its function s include. Counterterrorism is used to neutralize terrorists cells and operatives in the United States. Secondly, it participates in counterintelligence, which is the act of providing intelligence information on any activity that happens in U.S. soil. Thirdly foreign espionage bases its backbone on national security, which has an impact on politics, military, and economic growth. (Peak, 2014)

The government agency of examination utilizes different procedures to do their analysis. Some of those methods are analyzing blood, hair, guns, paints, penmanship, typewrites, and different kinds of proof. Likewise, this authority offers proficient preparation to the national administration to the cops at the national foundation, and they also work the national wrongdoing data focus (Peak, 2014). This inside likewise keeps records of people who have gone through the framework. It keeps all the records of the cases that have been documented already.

The agency of alcohol, tobacco, and firearms (ATF) performs two capacities: criminal authorization and administrative implementation. (Treasury department, 2014). The drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), which was initially called the Harrison Narcotic act, has evolved over the years. Its functions are to complete a full investigation and the preparation of prosecution of suspects connected to illegal drugs seized at the ports of entry and international borders.

The U.S. marshal's administration is the most established and most adaptable government office built up under the legal executive demonstration of 1789. George Washington had delegated thirteen marshals to deal with the first thirteen states, right now, there are ninety-four marshals each speaking to a country. Its capacities incorporate government detainees' transportation, holding onto property procured through illicit methods, and securing the more significant part of every single administrative outlaw. The military assistance additionally gives security, wellbeing, and security to toe witnesses that represent the government and their dependents.

Uniform crime reports (UCR) and National Crime Information center (NCIC)

The UCR and NCIC take part in the law requirement exercises by giving essential data to lead the security of the residents. As indicated by the government authority of examinations, the National wrongdoing data focus (NCIC) assists the criminal equity experts with apprehending escapees and find missing people, recuperate taken property, and distinguish psychological oppressors. It additionally aids law authorization by giving significant data that prompts the security of the overall population. Despite the significance and effect of these two bodies, they have their shortcomings. The UCR reports certain occurrences that are known n to the police. They, in this manner, don't gather all the essential information. Some mistakes originate from NCIC such blunders are brought about by, inconsistent meeting information, self-report reviews, restricted extension, and extending blunders.

Police Chief Executive

Police executive officer plays many roles in his daily duties. Some of these roles include leadership roles, contract obligations, and formal exercises that incorporate going to community gatherings, meeting with dignitaries, and other government authorities. In his/her leadership position, he should motivate and coordinate all the activities and ensure that all workers achieve all the set goals. His other role is ensuring that all workers are updated with current information regarding their obligations and duties. It involves monitoring, informing, and disseminating of information. Thirdly, police executive officers play a role in decision making, i.e., they act as resource allocators. The officer has the right to choose what is right and wrong for an organization. Police executive officers must make decisions that aim at accomplishing organizational goals and mission.

The rationale for the critical roles of the FBI has broad operational authority. An example is the U.S. Electronic legislation act 218, which allows federal officials to apply for FISA surveillance orders while doing a criminal investigation. When one has surveillance orders, they can gather information regarding serious crimes.

Legislative Laws

The legislative should be laid down according to the standards and reporting protocol. This is to combat and control terrorism. The state should, therefore, sponsor special programs for information centers, and they should review the center to ensure relevant technology is up to date. The state should also ensure that all citizens get an update on their security and should be given education on how to report any criminal activity suspicion.

Over an extended period, the state has been having challenges in fighting terrorism, despite the fact of having legislative enactments. One of the legal laws that have been put into force to battle terrorism is the NIMS(National Management systems), which plays a role in providing a countrywide platform to allow all governmental and non-governmental sectors to put efforts together during a domestic incident.

The Department of Health says that Homeland security presidential mandate 5 made the NIMS direct the creation and the production of an exhaustive national way to deal with the board's occurrence. NIMS gives an efficient and proactive approach to deal with all offices and offices at all degrees of government, non-legislative and private parts to work foolishly to ensure against reacting to, recoup from, and to alleviate the potential components of fear-mongering. There are six components for NIMS: the order and the board, the correspondence and data the executives, readiness, asset the board, supporting advances, and progressing the board and upkeep. In my opinion, this is a powerful method of telling individuals what occurs during a militant psychological assault, yet it doesn't battle terrorism.

Another legislative law that is set up to battle terrorism is the ICS (incident command system) that was made from different agencies to help the nearby police organizations react to psychological oppressor assaults and frequency. ICS is fundamentally an order and control framework that manages the everyday activities for the incident command system. ICS was built to encourage exercises in five significant useful territories of order, tasks, arranging, coordination, funds, and organization. As I would like to think I accept that the incident command system is valid because it is adaptable with regards to getting psychological warfare and planning for fear-based oppression. The Department of Health and Human Resources (2012) states that ICS lacks responsibility, poor correspondence, absence of a request, absence of precise arranging, and it has no technique to incorporate interagency prerequisites. However, ICS addresses the issues of episodes of any sort, as I would like to think it is not that compelling to battle terrorism.

Hate Crime Cases

A crime of hate is an offense that is deliberately done to a person or property because of their viewed nationality, religion, sexuality, disability, or gender orientation. It is a different crime such that each state differently constitutes it. According to the Hate Crime Statistics Act (HCSA) data, there is an understatement of the correct values of the committed hate crimes. This is a clear implication that there is are no records or reports of hate crimes from local authorities to federal agencies. Additionally, the essential agencies concerned with the collection of hate crime data report that there is no data for hate crimes in their jurisdiction.

Other main reasons for the increasing cases of hate crimes are; prejudice, discrimination, minimal employment, and the problematic economy leading to the exploration of community tension. As discussed above, hate crimes are referred to as offenses fueled by hatred toward people based on their nationality, sexuality, race, ethnicity, disability, or religion. Most challenges in identifying hate crimes rely on the motive that may be misunderstood with forms of expressions that are defended by the U.S Constitution. Each hate crime victimizes numerous people implying that each member group stands for a particular target. Hate crimes that come with violence cause discomfort among the members of a target group and easily spread terror across the community. Some factors that accelerate hatred crimes are; using racial languages on political platforms, a weak economy, and racial stereotypes.

Additionally, hate crimes are committed by citizens who aim at the representatives of a minority target group. When determining hate crimes, there are some challenges encountered that include either the absence of no hate crime offenses in the records of the primary agencies or failure of those agencies to report the data as needed.

These hate crimes could be minimized by creating dialogue across all cultural limits and respecting differences among various cultural groups. The discussion should establish programs that promote awareness and acceptance of ethnic differences as a long-term resolution to discrimination. Law enforcement agencies should make sure proper laws are enacted, and effective responses are guaranteed to combat hate crimes.

Conclusion

This paper has examined four (4) organizations in the Department of Justice that encapsulate entirely capable capacities. It has also explained the different roles of The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), and the National Crime Information has different mindful jobs. The Chief Executive Officers are liable for following the Mintzberg model. There are two (2) authorizations by the enactment that are successfully placed in power to battle psychological warfare. The paper has additionally sketched out the difficulties confronted while deciding accurate records of despising offenses.

References

Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2011). Crime in the United States. United States Department of Justice. Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/crime- in-the-u.s.-2011/aboutucrmain

Peak, K. J. (2014). Policing America: Challenges and best practices (8th ed.). NJ: Pearson Publishing.

The Department of Health. (2006, June 5). National Incident Management System (NIMS). New York: New York. Retrieved from http://www.health.ny.gov/professionals/ems/policy/06- 05.html

The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2012, February 14). Emergency management and the Incident Command System. Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR). Washington D.C. Retrieved from http://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/planning/mscc/handbook/chapter1/Pages/emergency management.aspx

The U.S. Government of Accountability Office. (1993, July 28). Legislation Needed to Deter Misuse of Criminal Justice Information.