Computers and Globalization - Report Example

Introduction

Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence among world economies due to the growth in the cross-border trade of different commodities and services as required by the individuals and the rapid growth in technologies across the globe (Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2018). In geography, globalization refers to the processes including economic, social, cultural, and technological that contribute and build economic and social relationships between societies across the globe. In this regard’s computers have evolved globally and also enhanced the use of technology and the internet for most economic purposes as well as personal purposes. Commodity chain refers to the process of manufacturing, production, distribution of a commodity, or a service across the globe to its destined users (Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2018).

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Computers Manufacturing

A computer was first manufactured by Charles Babbage to help in mathematical calculations in the 19th Century. Since the manufacturing, if the first computer, the computer has undergone many evolutions to the modern-day PC. Today, China manufactures most computers. China is a country knows for martial arts ("Countries with the highest number of PCs - World top ten). In globalization, one can ask them why china is manufacturing mire computers than any other country in the world today. The countries that manufacture most of the computers in the world include the USA, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France. The well-known manufacturing companies include Hewlett-Packard (HP), Dell Inc, IBM, Lenovo, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Fujitsu, Toshiba, and Acer Inc.

Most computer manufacturing companies create their computer parts while others import the parts including motherboard from Sonny and Dell/. Chinese companies in this regard develop many computer parts abut also import the most approved motherboards from the companies in the US or Germany.

Applications of Computers

Computers are used by many people globally. Many business companies have automated their processes to fasten up production, management, and other business functions. The big companies, including banks, depend on computers to gather information on foreign exchange, shares, money transfer, and other banking services to ease customer services. Computers are also applied in education sectors to help aid in teaching and learning (Archibugi & Michie, 2003). Today most courses are done online oversees without physically attending the classes. International students and scholars can study at their colleges and universities of choice while in their home country.

Computer, therefore, when connected using the internet, people globally will be able to share information easily faster, and conveniently (Archibugi & Michie, 2003). In the older days, most information was in print format. Therefore, individuals who needed it were forced to skim through a pile of papers to get the relevant information they need. Companies used to keep records in papers, but with the introduction of the computer, most record-keeping is automated by the use of systems specially designed to handle data.

Managers use the computers to perform their managerial duties, including policy development, strategic management, and implementation of formulated policies in the organization. On the other hand, the employees use computers to report on their daily activities at work, get new policies, and attend the meeting and all other work-related activities. At home, children play video games online; socialize with other people, on social media sites, sharing videos on YouTube, and doing their homework.

Also, many businesses are done online via the use of computers. Online shops reach their potential customer through the company website where they post the items they have in stock and return the customer places an order online and get their items delivered.

Technological Advancement

Before computers, businesses depended on mails to send information and to hold a meeting and to perform all other economic-related activities. The government relied on traditional sources of information, including newspapers to provide and deliver services in both public and private sectors (Farny, 2016). Distances between the countries made it difficult to get to venture into a new business, education, or social event in other countries. Also, there was a lack of ethical culture that guided how people should behave when going on with their daily life activities, transportation costs of products were high, and there was slow information dissemination among groups of people. Technology, therefore, has made it easy for the entire economic, social, political, and environmental activities to take place across the world quickly and conveniently.

Globalization refers to the 'intensified geographical movements across national borders of commodities and people who are seeking employment, education, investments, new cultural values, and also environmental pollutants. Therefore with technology, the trends of movements across the globe have intensified and changed with innovation. Business people can easily work with the help of computers. Investors' can get new investments in projects found in different countries through the applications of technology. The distances between states and countries do not have an impact on businesses and other human activities. Due to globalization, different people can easily travel to places within the shortest time to attend business meetings, schools, and social events or to venture into a new project in a potential country. With the introduction of computers, therefore, one does not have to travel; thus, they can hold meetings online through conferences and strategize on their business goals. Globalization, therefore, has helped humans to access new markets and increase the competitive advantage to businesses.

Effects of Technology

Despite the significant importance technology has done in connecting the world by improving business, travel, education entertainment industries health, and political governance, there are still disadvantages to it, especially in developing countries. China, as the most prominent manufacture of computers, the country has access to advanced technology equipment and government support. Developing countries in this regard have enough funds to improve technology to meet the information needs of people. On the other hand, developing countries, including Africa, still do not have full access to technology tools because they lack a supply of electricity, lack of funds, computer illiteracy, and access to public support.

The developed countries get natural resources from countries including oil, business setups, and the primary control of the business is the home country. This means that the company based in a developed country will benefit the owners but also provide work opportunities in the country it is being operated. But the organizational operations are carried out in the parent country.

Also, globalization has increase inequality between the rich and the poor in developed countries. The rich people get access to most of the services and products to form the developed countries because they can afford to purchase them, while the poor people will not be able to get access to a computer because they don't have the funds to acquire one.

In developed countries like China, the USA, Germany, computers are in high demand due to the automation if most day-to-day activities. People need access to computers to book rides, for games, socializing, and all activities. Therefore, the manufacturing countries are forced to increase their production and exportation of computers to different countries in need of them at low prices. On the other hand, developing countries are trying to automate their processes; thus, the demand for computers is low, the prices, therefore, are high thus not affordable to the people.

Conclusion

With the continuous growth of technology and advanced innovations, globalization will have continuous innovation in businesses, service delivery in public and private sectors, education, cultural exchange, and political issues in many countries. The future of technology is predicted to automate every work that a human can do. Therefore, there will be less human labour and more computer dependence (Beall, 2018). Also, there will be geographical innovation including, extractions, mapping, and exploitation. There will be more scientific discoveries with the help of technology, and the world will be closer, allowing individuals to move quickly. The technologies that the technology companies are palling to innovate include the internet of Things, automation, cryptocurrency, Blockchain, and Artificial intelligence. Globalization, therefore, will be intense and with better as much as negative impacts on people's daily lives.

References

Archibugi, D., & Michie, J. (2003). Technological globalization of national systems of innovation. Finance, Research, Education, and Growth, 133-156.
https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403920232_8

Beall, G. (2018, February 6). 5 future technologies that will be mainstream by 2020. Business 2 Community.
https://www.business2community.com/tech-gadgets/5-future-technologies-will-mainstream-2020-02006302

Crafts, N., & Venables, A. J. (2003). Globalization in History: A Geographical Perspective.
https://www.nber.org/chapters/c9592.pdf

Dicken, P. (2007). Global shift: Mapping the changing contours of the world economy. Guilford Press.

Farny, E. (2016, November 23). Dependency theory: A useful tool for analyzing global inequalities today? E-International Relations.
https://www.e-ir.info/2016/11/23/dependency-theory-a-useful-tool-for-analyzing-global-inequalities-today/

Mekvabishvili, E. (2019). The economic role of the state in conditions of globalization. Globalization and Business, 4(8), 22-33.
https://doi.org/10.35945/gb.2019.08.002

Peterson Institute for International Economics. (2018, October 29). What is globalization? PIIE.
https://www.piie.com/microsites/globalization/what-is-globalization.