The International Organizations in Asia as a Sources of Stability Essay

Introduction

Different countries in Asia are faced by challenges occurring in various non-traditional securities that are closely connected to domestic economic and political problems. These problems arise from natural catastrophes, environmental degradation, ethnic and religious conflict, and failed governance systems. International organizations aid in strengthening the relationships between Asian countries in a determination to endorse peace, promote stability, reduce poverty and create effective ruling.

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World Trade Organization promote an efficient, smooth flow of trade encouraging sustainable development in Asia. WTO aims to provide job opportunity to people to achieve high living standard by reducing trade tariffs and the market barriers. The organization ensure fare import duties to both developed countries and developing countries whereby WTO provide guidelines and rules governing trade markets. World Trade Organization enhance open economic growth promoting employment because commercial companies employ more people to increase the production and also the availability of the quality inputs in the trade markets. WTO encourage competition in the markets helping the invention of cheaper production to maximize profits in the companies and exchange of new ideas in the marketplaces.

The World Bank aims to eradicate poverty in Asian communities. It also enhances economic stability in Asian by improving disaster readiness and planning the financial safety measures in the developing countries (World Bank, 2018). It support community-based investment projects to develop the lives of people in villages, these projects help them to assess the community problems. The World Bank has various Millennium development goals that include; achievement of common primary education, promoting gender equity and empowering women, improving maternal health and fight HIV/AIDS, TB, and malaria through the provision of substantial resources for the elimination of preventable diseases.

International Monetary Fund is the organization that ensures steadiness of international monetary and economic structure. It has three vital functions including surveillance, loaning and offer technical training and assistance in areas such as banking and financial structure supervision, statistics, fiscal policy, policy in money value and exchange rate (IMF, 2018). IMF also provide recovery to the countries that encounter financial difficulties in debt payment. IMF delivers a co-operative methodology to address common challenges and aid to resolve disagreements. The variances through authorities in the tax treatment of commercial profits and individual income promote profit shifting enabling tax evasion. Joint assistance on taxing has attained improved urgency at a period when high disparity and a resilient sense that global integration favors big companies.

The International Terrorism and the Issues of Iraq and Afghanistan

International terrorism is the terrorism that runs past the state boundaries regarding the ways applied, the targeted people or the operation areas of the terrorists. It outdoes every feature of political, social, economic and cultural life bringing instability and disrupting peace and coexistence environment. Terrorism puts to danger the lives of people, bringing any violence in the community. The people in Iraq is traumatized because of bombings, dislocation, and downfall of the political system. The public health employees and help agencies have suffered from an enormous psychological toll. Lack of economic chances, low level of societal unity, and the participation of a country in a foreign conflict are the factors that drove people towards terrorism in Iraq. The war in Iraq is not necessarily on the issue of oil, but it is majorly about manipulating the sequence of actions in the countries of the Middle East. In the past, Iraq supported several terrorist groups including Baghdad, Palestinian group and helped form Abu Nidal Organization that assisted in assassinating the opponents of Syria and Palestinian. The support that Iraq offered to these group aided in the provision of buses, supplying of materials and training. However, the measure of Iraq supporting the terrorist groups was made insignificant by other countries like Iran that made an effort to create massive popular riots for the whole group. In addition, Iraq face severe threats from their ruling process and lack of backing from government programs against terrorism.

Afghanistan suffers from the direct impact of terrorism as many defence people and citizens died. Many citizens died as a result of the assassination, suicide bombing, landmine cultivation, and air attack ((Mcneilly, 2015). An additional negative impact of terrorism in Afghanistan is reducing the government attendance and the reduced rule of law. It has also worsened the humanitarian efforts conditions due to killings of non-governmental organizations employees and assassination of landmine cleaners. Terrorism prohibits people from enjoying their freedom and rights. During the terrorist attacks, some human rights defenders died, the journalists who were against violence were murdered. Another sector that is vulnerable to terrorism is education. Schools were closed during terrorist attacks and in some teachers and students were killed during the attacks. The national economy of Afghanistan was negatively affected by terrorism. The government revenue generated from tax collection declined in areas that were not secured. This is because it was hard for investors to invest in insecure environments due to endangered life and properties as terrorists abolished economic foundations. There is an increased cost of constructing public infrastructures due to insecurity as it increases the value of the construction process. Consequently, the cost of living rises due to restricted trade and business hence affording goods and services is hard.

References

IMF, World Economic Outlook, April 2018;

World Bank, Global Financial Development Report: Bankers without Borders, 2018

Mcneilly, M. (2015). Terrorism and the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Sun Tzu and the Art of Modern Warfare, 172-195. doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199957859.003.0008