Psychiatric Patients' Experiences with Restraints - Research Proposal

PICOT Question: In hospitalized psychiatric patients (P), how does the use of de-escalation techniques (I) compared to the use of restraints (C) decrease agitation (O) during hospitalization (T)?

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General Description of Study

Overview of Study

Purpose of Study:

The purpose of this study is to determine how the use of de-escalation techniques compared to the use of restraints decreases agitation during hospitalization among hospitalized psychiatric patients. It utilizes a research article by Lanthen (2015) to determine the systematic process that assesses the outcome of the research, which is scientifically carried out to judge its trustworthiness and relevance given the context of the topic under study. Therefore, it will be essential in helping to attain the main aim of this study.

Study Design:

The study design involved in this research will encompass representing participants in groups or strata. This means that hospitalized psychiatric patients will be put into categories where they will be given codes primarily for identification (Chase, 2020). In the selected categories, sub-categories will then be selected based on the similarities of the problem at hand, and a nurse is assigned to each sub-category CITATION Ngu19 \l 1033 (Nguyen, 2019).

Research Question(s) Or Hypotheses:

• How does the use of de-escalation techniques (I) compared to the use of restraints (C) decrease agitation (O) during hospitalization (T)?
• Do patients suffer psychiatric problems from using de-escalation techniques?
• Which care does hospitalized psychiatric patients receive?

Study Aims:

• To examine if patients suffer from psychiatric problems after using de-escalation techniques.
• To describe the care received by hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Sampling Technique, Sample Size, & Characteristics:

The sampling technique that will be involved in this study is the use of stratified random sampling that involved representing participants in strata. It is based on the fact that the members are grouped based on their specific characteristics, such as age (Acharya et al., 2013). Furthermore, the sample size to be used will be large enough to ensure that the selection bias is minimized. Therefore, a sample size of 200 patients that will be organized into 20 strata will be considered as a relevant sample size to proceed with the research.

Major Variables Studies:

Independent Variable:

Age, sex of the respondent,

Dependent (Outcome) Variable(s):

Did the use of de-escalation technique help to decrease agitation?

Statistical Analysis (include whether appropriate to answer research questions/hypothesis):

The analysis that will be involved in this part of the research will include the qualitative approach. However, the use of logistics regression analysis will be undertaken to answer the research questions. Also, SPSS may be used as a tool for conducting an analysis based on the outlined research design. In this case, due to the selected research questions and the hypothesis of the study, it is important to address them since the research variables provide a forum at which each question can be answered. Nevertheless, some of the questions need a comparison. Therefore, since two experiments cannot be performed simultaneously, the researcher will be required to compare the past data with the current findings, which highly encourage the use of a literature review. Also, upon determining the results, each variable will first be explained independently to ensure that it meets the assumptions of logistics linear regression (Pradhan, 2010). Thus, this will be possible through the use of charts or the frequency tables to describe the categorical variables and the histograms or descriptive statistics to describe the continuous variables.

References

Acharya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P., & Nigam, A. (2013). Sampling: Why and how of it. Indian Journal of Medical Specialties, 4(2), 330-333. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anita_Acharya/publication/256446902_Sampling_Why_and_How_of_it_Anita_S_Acharya_Anupam_Prakash_Pikee_Saxena_Aruna_Nigam/links/0c960527c82d449788000000.pdf

Chase, S. (2020). The effectiveness of de-escalation techniques as compared to physical restraint/seclusion on inpatient psychiatric units: a systematic quantitative review. RBHS: Rutgers University-School of Nursing. https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/t3-m1xs-3x57

Klas Lanthén, M. R. (2015). Psychiatric Patients Experiences with Mechanical Restraints: An Interview Study. Psychiatry Journal, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/748392

Nguyen, T. S. (2019, March). Stratified random sampling over streaming and stored data. In Advances in Database Technology-22nd International Conference on Extending Database Technology (EDBT). https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Stratified-Random-Sampling-from-Streaming-and-Data-Nguyen-Shih/f470bb6e33665b5e8ef9f0e47235f6944c0ef952

Pradhan, B. (2010). Remote sensing and GIS-based landslide hazard analysis and cross-validation using a multivariate logistic regression model on three test areas in Malaysia. Advances in space research, 45(10), 1244-1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2010.01.006