Paper Example on Personality Perspectives: Evaluating Research on Human Behavior

Introduction

Personality perspective involves specific assumptions on people's behavior, the way human function and which aspect of such behaviors should be studied, and the type of research methods required for the study. Every perspective has its strength and weakness, but all of them influence the understanding of people's behavior. More significantly, psychology has varying perspective approaches to human behavior and understanding. The paper seeks to critically evaluate researches which are based on the behavioral and cognitive personality perspectives.

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Bottom-Up Model and Behavioral Intervention

Several types of research have shown that personality traits are changeable, thereby leading to a probability that personality traits which are highly correlated to health problems are modifiable through appropriate intervention (Magidson, Roberts, Collado-Rodriguez & Lejuez, 2014). Some study suggests that challenging personality traits can be modified through behavioral intervention by employing a bottom-up tactic. Through targeting core behaviors which trigger behavior traits with the aim of promoting new, a healthier form of behavior which may be automatized in the long-run and patent in modifications in the character traits. However, the bottom-up model for transforming character traits may be diffused and may need proper integration of specific theory and appropriate interventions to allow true clinical application.

The article suggests a number of guiding principles which are the theory-based alteration of targeted character traits through the use of bottom-up approach, mainly concentrating on the personalities of conscientiousness utilizing appropriate behavioral involvement, that is, Behavioral Activation integrated with the motivational outline of Expectancy Value Theory (Magidson et al., 2014). The article summarizes with an evidence case scenario of the use of Behavioral Activation to change a behavior counter to conscientiousness in patients depending on a substance while outlining the Expectancy Value Theory principles which are relevant to the tactic and the significance and practicality of the theory-driven bottom-up scheme in transforming character traits.

Pro-Social Behavior

The study introduces a new perspective of pro-social behavior in the contemporary world (Dovidio, Piliavin, Schroeder & Penner, 2017). Regarding the intervention work of bystander which has defined the pro-social behavior as, from the 1960s, the psychology of the pro-social behavior investigate a pro-social behavior in several perspectives which employ different influences that enhance the action for the betterment of others and the myriad methods in which the pro-social behaviors may be demonstrated. The authors widen the scope of their research and incorporating the analysis of the natural and the genetic factors which may predispose people to focus on the welfare of other people, and some organized supports such as volunteering and organizing citizenship conduct and the cooperative conduct in and amid groups.

The article comprises of questions based on pro-social behaviors, and summarizes the response to the questions being asked. The article again summarizes answers and the questions which are provided by the researchers. Conceptual models which are used in expounding on pro-social behavior and encompass a multilevel technique to pro-social behavior are also utilized in integrating the findings (Dovidio et al., 2017). The article recommends future research on the pro-social behavior which concentrates on the following areas; the development of altruistic predispositions and other natural clarifications of why people are disposed to be pro-social, how motives and situation influence how and the time people help such situations. Furthermore, the article recommends research on the way pro-social behavior changes with time. Moreover, it proposes the impact of assisting the provider and the receiver of pro-social behavior.

Cognitive Psychology and Object Tracker

There are differences in the look of the tracked object like a change in photometry, illumination, camera viewpoint, and partial occlusion which poses immense challenges to the object tracking (Hong et al., 2015). The article adopts principles of cognitive psychology in designing a more elastic representation which can adapt to the changes in the appearance of the object while tracking. Though inspiration of a popular Atkinson-Shiffrin Memory model, the article suggests a Multi-store Tracker which I a double component tactic that comprises of long-term memory and a short-term memory store that processes a targeted appearance memory..

An efficacy and effective Integrated Correlation Filter is used for a short-term store during short term object tracking. A combined long-term memory component that is a corresponding critical tracking may interact with a memory of the long-term, as well as providing more information for production control (Hong et al., 2015). The Multi-store Tracker was assessed on CVPR2013, online tracking benchmark and the dataset. The outcome demonstrated the higher presentation of the Multi-store Tracker as compared to other trackers.

Conclusion

Personality perspective has concentrated on articles which are based on the bottom-up model and behavioral intervention, pro-social behavior and object tracker. Behavior is a perspective where behavior and learning are clarified based on stimulus-response, while cognitive perspective personality stresses on the importance of self-efficacy, situational influences, observational learning and the processes of cognitive perspective. Most importantly, the cognitive perspective moves away from seeing people as machines and concentrate on their feelings and thoughts. Therefore, the expectation of people about an upcoming event may affect their feelings and actions and may color memories at night.

References

Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., Schroeder, D. A., & Penner, L. A. (2017). The social psychology of prosocial behavior. Psychology Press.

Hong, Z., Chen, Z., Wang, C., Mei, X., Prokhorov, D., & Tao, D. (2015). Multi-store tracker (muster): A cognitive psychology inspired approach to object tracking. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 749-758).

Magidson, J. F., Roberts, B. W., Collado-Rodriguez, A., & Lejuez, C. W. (2014). Theory-driven intervention for changing personality: Expectancy value theory, behavioral activation, and conscientiousness. Developmental psychology, 50(5), 1442.